C#新增和修改config配置文件.doc

C#新增和修改config配置文件namespace System.Configuration;1. 创建配置节类必须创建继承自ConfigurationSection的对象才能进行配置数据读写操作，ConfigurationSection提供了索引器用来获取和设置配置数据，需要注意的是拥有ConfigurationProperty特性的属性才会被存储，并且名称要保持大小写完全一致，如下面的代码中，所有的id必须保持一样。class ConfigSectionData : ConfigurationSectionConfigurationProperty(id)public int Idget return (int)thisid; set thisid = value; ConfigurationProperty(time)public DateTime Timeget return (DateTime)thistime; set thistime = value; 2. 创建配置文件操作对象Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None);ConfigSectionData data = new ConfigSectionData();data.Id = 1000;data.Time = DateTime.Now;config.Sections.Add(add, data);config.Save(ConfigurationSaveMode.Minimal);上面的例子是操作 app.config，在根节点(configuration)下写入名称为add的配置数据。需要注意的 VS2005 在IDE模式下会将信息写入 *.vshost.exe.config，并且在程序关闭时覆写该文件，因此您可能看不到您写入的配置数据，只要在资源管理其中执行 *.exe 文件，您就可以在 *.exe.config 文件中看到结果了。如果我们需要操作非缺省配置文件，可以使用ExeConfigurationFileMap对象。ExeConfigurationFileMap file = new ExeConfigurationFileMap();file.ExeConfigFilename = test.config;Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenMappedExeConfiguration(file, ConfigurationUserLevel.None);ConfigSectionData data = new ConfigSectionData();data.Id = 1000;data.Time = DateTime.Now;config.Sections.Add(add, data);config.Save(ConfigurationSaveMode.Minimal);如果我们不希望在根节点下写入配置数据，可以使用ConfigurationSectionGroup对象。ExeConfigurationFileMap file = new ExeConfigurationFileMap();file.ExeConfigFilename = test.config;Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenMappedExeConfiguration(file, ConfigurationUserLevel.None);ConfigSectionData data = new ConfigSectionData();data.Id = 1000;data.Time = DateTime.Now;config.SectionGroups.Add(group1, new ConfigurationSectionGroup();config.SectionGroupsgroup1.Sections.Add(add, data);config.Save(ConfigurationSaveMode.Minimal);下面就是生成的配置文件。3. 读取配置文件ExeConfigurationFileMap file = new ExeConfigurationFileMap();file.ExeConfigFilename = test.config;Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenMappedExeConfiguration(file, ConfigurationUserLevel.None);ConfigSectionData data = config.SectionGroupsgroup1.Sectionsadd as ConfigSectionData;/ConfigSectionData data = config.Sectionsadd as ConfigSectionData; / 从根节读取if (data != null)Console.WriteLine(data.Id);Console.WriteLine(data.Time);4. 写配置文件在写入 ConfigurationSectionGroup 和 ConfigurationSection 前要判断同名配置是否已经存在，否则会写入失败。另外如果配置文件被其他Configuration对象修改，则保存会失败，并抛出异常。建议采用Singleton模式。ExeConfigurationFileMap file = new ExeConfigurationFileMap();file.ExeConfigFilename = test.config;Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenMappedExeConfiguration(file, ConfigurationUserLevel.None);ConfigSectionData data = new ConfigSectionData();data.Id = 2000;data.Time = DateTime.Now;ConfigurationSectionGroup group1 = config.SectionGroupsgroup1;if (group1 = null) config.SectionGroups.Add(group1, new ConfigurationSectionGroup();ConfigurationSection data = group1.Sectionsadd as config;if (add = null)config.SectionGroupsgroup1.Sections.Add(add, data);elsegroup1.Sections.Remove(add);group1.Sections.Add(add, data);/ 或者直接修改原配置对象，前提是类型转换要成功。/ConfigSectionData configData = add as ConfigSectionData;/configData.Id = data.Id;/configData.Time = data.Time;config.Save(ConfigurationSaveMode.Minimal);5. 删除配置节删除ConfigurationSectionGroup config.SectionGroups.Remove(group1);/config.SectionGroups.Clear();config.Save(ConfigurationSaveMode.Minimal);删除ConfigurationSection config.Sections.Remove(add1);/config.Sections.Clear();if (config.SectionGroupsgroup1 != null)config.SectionGroupsgroup1.Sections.Remove(add2);/config.SectionGroupsgroup1.Sections.Clear();config.Save(ConfigurationSaveMode.Minimal);6. 其他可以使用 ConfigurationManager.OpenMachineConfiguration() 来操作 Machine.config 文件。或者使用 System.Web.Configuration 名字空间中的 WebConfigurationManager 类来操作 ASP.net 配置文件。ConfigurationManager还提供了AppSettings、ConnectionStrings、GetSection()等便捷操作。7. 使用自定义类 2006-4-17 补充，回复 ggy 网友的疑问。 引用至 ggy比如ConfigSectionData里面除了简单类型之外，可不可以有自定义的类可以使用自定义类，不过需要定义一个转换器。using System;using System.Collections;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Configuration;using System.Globalization;using System.ComponentModel;/ 要写入配置文件的自定义类class CustomDatapublic CustomData(string s)this.s = s;private string s;public string Sget return s; set s = value; / 自定义的转换器(演示代码省略了类型判断)class CustomConvert : ConfigurationConverterBasepublic override bool CanConvertFrom(ITypeDescriptorContext ctx, Type type)return (type = typeof(string);public override object ConvertTo(ITypeDescriptorContext ctx, CultureInfo ci, object value, Type type)return (value as CustomData).S;public override object ConvertFrom(ITypeDescriptorContext ctx, CultureInfo ci, object data)return new CustomData(string)data);class ConfigSectionData : ConfigurationSectionConfigurationProperty(id)public int Idget return (int)thisid; set thisid = value; ConfigurationProperty(time)public DateTime Timeget return (DateTime)thistime; set thistime = value; ConfigurationProperty(custom)TypeConverter(typeof(CustomConvert) / 指定转换器public CustomData Customget return (CustomData)thiscustom; set thiscustom = value; public class Programstatic void Main(string args)Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None);ConfigSectionData data = new ConfigSectionData();data.Id = 1000;data.Time = DateTime.Now;data.Custom = new CustomData