英语人教版八年级下册unit0 .doc

八年级英语（下）Unit 10 Ive had this bike for three years.Period 1 Section A 1a-2d【学习目标】1、知识与能力：（1）认知并熟练运用本课时重要单词和词组； （2）能听懂谈论人们拥有某物多长时间的话题，能熟练运用since, for 谈论自己的个人物品。（3）掌握并灵活应用以下交际用语：How long have you had that bike over there?Ive had it for three years.How long has his son owned the train and railway set?Hes owned it since his fourth birthday.Have you ever played football?Yes, I did when I was little, but I havent played for a while now.2、过程与方法：学生自主预习，教师主导，小组交流，合作探究3、情感态度价值观：正确处理并充分利用自己的废旧物品。【学习重点】：会运用现在完成时。【学习过程】一、课前预习(一)预习任务：Task1: 朗读并识记P73-P74的单词，根据汉语意思写出下列单词院子_ 甜蜜的，甜的；含糖的_ 记忆；回忆_ 分，粉笔_玩具_熊_生产者；制造者_围巾；披巾；头巾_软的；柔软的_检查；审查_ 板；木板_Task2: 重点词组识记庭院拍卖会_面包机_软体玩具；布绒玩具_察看；观察_棋类游戏_Task3: 句型展示你拥有那辆自行车多久了？?我拥有它三年了。.（二）预习诊断：1. 你也能把这些旧物品捐赠给需要的人。You can also _ old things _ to people in need. 2.你能付75美分买它。You can _ it _ 75 cents.3.我买着本杂志几个月了。Ive _ _ _ _4. 自从我是一个孩子的时候我就拥有它们。II a child.（3） 预习质疑_二、 课中实施一、精讲点拨 1. -How long have you had that bike there?-I have had it for three years辨析：how long, how soon, how often, how farHow long 多久，多长（时间）。对时间段提问，如：for+时间段；since+过去的时间点。e.g. -How long have you worked in Beijing? -For five years.How soon 多久以后。对“in+时间段提问，常用于一般将来时”，其答语常用“in+时间段”。e.g. How soon will Mr. Li be back? -In a week. How often 多久一次，对频率提问，其答语为：once（twice/）+时间段，always，usually等。e.g. -How often do you exercise? - Once a day.How far 多远，对距离提问，其答语是表距离的内容。e.g. -How far is it from here to your school? - Three kilometers.辨析：for 与sincefor其后只能接表示“一段时间”的名词性短语，可用于多种时态，表示动作或状态持续时间段长短。e.g. I have lived in this city for five years. 我在这座城市居住了5年了。 He usually sleeps for twelve hours every day. 他通常每天睡12个小时。since 其后接表示“时间点”的短语或从句（过去时），也可以接“一段时间+ago”，常用于完成时态；还用于句型：“It is +时间段+since+一般过去时的句子”。表示过去某个时间发生并持续到说话时的动作或状态。e.g. It is two years since I came to China. 自从我到中国以来已经两年了。 She has worked here for five years. =She has worked here since five years ago. 她在这儿工作5年了。2. Jeffs family is having a yard sale.sale用作名词，意为“出售，销售”，on sale意为“出售，上市”；for sale意为“待售，供出售”，尤指从主人手里出售。e.g. Chickens are on sale in the market. 小鸡在市场上出售。 Im sorry, its not for sale. 抱歉，它不出售。3. Amy thinks its hard to sell her old things.艾米认为卖掉她的旧东西很难。Its +adj. (+for sb.) to do sth. 意为“（对某人来说）做某事时的”，it 是形式主语，真正主语是后面的动词不定式。e.g. Its important for un to learn English well. 学好英语对于我们来说是很重要的。4. Amy wants to keep her old things because they bring back sweet memories.艾米想保留她的旧东西，因为它们勾起她的甜蜜回忆。memory n. ，意为“记忆；回忆”，复数形式为memories，动词为memorize，意为“记忆，背诵”。e.g. She has a good memory. 她记忆力好。5. Ive had this magazine for a couple of months. 这本杂志我买了几个月了。a couple of 表示具体的数量“两个”，指两个相同的人或物体; 表示数量不定的“少数几个”，作这种虚指的用法时，具体意思往往视上下文和具体的语境而决定，例如：You have to wait for a couple of hours for the clothes to dry completely. 你得等上一两个小时让这些衣服完全晾干。6. The stories inside may be a bit old, but theyre still interesting.a bit 意为“一点儿，稍微”，修饰形容词或副词，相当于 a little； a bit of +不可数名词，a little直接加不可数名词。 e.g. There is a bit of/a little water in the bottle. 瓶子里有点儿水。not a bit =not at all 意为“一点也不” not a little =very 意为“非常” e,g. She is not a bit happy. 她一点儿也不快乐。 He is not a little tired.=He is very tired. 他非常累。7. And check out these soft toys and board games for younger kids.check用作及物动词，意为“检查，审查”，短语check out，意为“察看，观察”。e.g. If you finish it，check it by yourself first. 如果你完成了，就自己先检查一下。Check out all the books for children. 察看一下所有的儿童书籍。check 还可用作名词，意为“支票。账单”三、系统总结：本节课我学到了_限时作业1. - _ have you been married？ - For twenty years. A. How far B. How often C. How long D. How soon2. If you sit in a chair _ a long time, your back may begin to hurt. A. at B. in C. on D. for 3. - I often have hamburgers for lunch.-Youd better not. Its bad for you _ too much junk food.A. eat B. to eat C. eating D. ate4. - When did you _ the bike? - in 2012 . I have _ it for two years. A.buy ; bought B.have ; bought C. buy ; had D.bought; bought5. - How long has Mr.Green lived in Lanzhou? - Hes lived here _ 1998. A. for B. since C. at D. on用所给词的适当形式填空1. r rown is the _（）M (work) in the middle school for 20 years.3. These _ (scarf) are nns and lices.4. nn has had the sweater since she _（）（）八年级英语（下）Unit 10 Ive had this bike for three years.Period 2 Section A 3a-3c【学习目标】1、知识与能力：（1）认知并熟练运用本课时重要单词和词组； （2）掌握并灵活应用以下交际用语：How long have you had that bike over there?Ive had it for three years.How long has his son owned the train and railway set?Hes owned it since his fourth birthday.Have you ever played football?Yes, I did when I was little, but I havent played for a while now.2、过程与方法：学生自主预习，教师主导，小组交流，合作探究3、情感态度价值观：正确处理并充分利用自己的废旧物品。【学习重点】：会运用现在完成时。【学习过程】一、课前预习(一)预习任务：Task1: 朗读并识记P的单词和短短地位低下的_ 清理，清除_卧室_拥有_铁路；铁道_离开；分开_ 某种；某事；某人_诚实的；老实的_一段时间；一会儿_ 诚实的；真实的_ 初级中学清理；丢掉不再；不复放弃，交出（尤其指不舍得东西）至于；关于说实在的Task2: 句型展示我们已经从我们的卧室清除了大量的物品。We _ _ _ _a lot of things from our bedroom.我的女儿更善解人意，虽然她也对失去某些玩具感到悲伤。My daughter was more understanding，although she also felt sad to _ _ _ _.（二）预习诊断：1、说实在的，我现在已经一会也不玩了。_ _，I have not played for a while now.2、吉姆在日本三天了。Jim _ _in Japan _ three days.（三）预习质疑_三、 课中实施一、精讲点拨 1. We have already cleared out a lot of things from our bedrooms. clear v. 清理；清除 clear out 清理；丢掉 e.g. Ill clear out that closet for you. 我要替你把那个小衣橱清理出来。2. We have decided to each sell five things that we no longer use. no longer 意为“不再；不复”，有时可用 not any longer 或 not anymore 替换。如：He no longer lives here. (= He doesnt live here anymore/any longer.) 他不再住这儿了。3. My daughter was more understanding, although she also felt sad to part with certain toys.1) certain adj. 意为“某种；某事；某人”。e.g. He decided to sell his certain books. 他决定卖掉他的某些书籍。拓展 certain形容词，意为“确实的，无疑的”。常用结构：be certain to do sth. 肯定要做某事 be certain of/about sth. 对某事确定、有把握 be certain of doing sth. 有把握做某事 be certain +从句 一定e.g. He felt quite certain of success. 他对成功很有把握。2) part with 放弃、交出， part v. 离开， 分开e.g. Dont part with your dream. 不要放弃你的梦想。4. As for me, I did not want to give up my football shirts, but, to be honest, I have not played for a while now.1) as for 至于，关于e.g. And as for us, we are fortunate. 可对我们来说，我们是幸运的。2) to be honest意为“说实在的，说实话”，经常单独使用，作插入语，用逗号与句子隔开。类似的表达还有to tell the truth “老实说，说实话”。e.g. To be honest, she is not an honest girl. 说实话，她不是一个诚实的女孩。honest 为形容词， 意为“诚实的；老实的”。反义词为dishonest “不诚实的”。e.g. An honest man does not tell lies. 诚实的人不会说谎。3) while n. 一段时间，一会儿while 还可用作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“当的时候”，while引导的时间状语从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。e.g. They chattered away happily for a while. 他们高兴地闲扯了一会儿。 He kept in touch with us while he was on vacation. 他在度假期间仍与我们保持联系。二、拓展延伸：Discuss the questions with your partner about 3c.三、系统总结：本节课我学到了_限时作业1. My best friend Tom is _ an honest boy. You can believe him. A. a B. an C. the D. /2. Is Mr. Smith still in Shanghai? - Yes, he _ there for two months. A. has been B. has gone C. has been to D. has gone to 3、You should drink some hot tea _ honey.A. inB. onC. withD.of4.The children decide _ their school yard this Friday afternoon. A. cleanB. to cleanC. cleaningD.cleaned5. My uncle has moved to Beijing. He doesnt live here _. A. at all B. any longerC. no moreD.any time用所给词适当形式填空：1.We decide _（sell）the old things.2.Lucy doesnt seem _(like ) the idea. 3.The old man is very _(truth) . He never tells a lie. 4.The house _ (be) here for over 30 years .5.We _(have t) the car for two years.八年级英语（下）Unit 10 Ive had this bike for three years.Period 3 Grammar focus-4c【学习目标】1、知识与能力：（1）认知并熟练运用本课时重要单词和词组； （2）掌握并灵活应用以下交际用语：How long have you had that bike over there?Ive had it for three years.How long has his son owned the train and railway set?Hes owned it since his fourth birthday.Have you ever played football?Yes, I did when I was little, but I havent played for a while now.2、过程与方法：学生自主预习，教师主导，小组交流，合作探究3、情感态度价值观：正确处理并充分利用自己的废旧物品。【学习重点】：会运用现在完成时。【学习过程】一、课前预习(一)预习任务：Task1: 完成下列短语_ 初级中学清理；丢掉不再；不复放弃，交出（尤其指不舍得东西）至于；关于说实在的Task2 : 句型展示1. I _ (never be) to the water park before. I want to _ (go) next month before the weather gets too cold.2. They _ (never own) any pets, but they _ (always want) to have a dog.3. We _ (have) a piano since last November. We _ (buy) it from the Li family when they moved to the US last year.4. Cathy and Amy _ (not be) back to their hometown for two years. They _ (miss) their hometown a lot and hope to visit the place next year.5. This museum _ (be) here for over 20 years. It _ (be) one of the oldest buildings in this small town.（三）预习质疑_2 精讲点拨 现在完成时表示从过去已经开始持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示“从过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间状语”连用，如“for + 时间段”、“since + 过去时间点”、“since + 过去时的从句”、“since + 一段时间 + ago”。且for与since引导的时间状语可以相互转换。e.g. My uncle has worked at this factory for ten years.= My uncle has worked at this factory since ten year ago. Ivelivedheresince1990自从1990年以来我就住在这里。 Ihaventseenhimforthreeyears.我三年没有看见他了。Shesbeenatthisschoolsincefiveyearsago. 自从五年前以来她就在这个学校。歌诀：含有for，since的现在完成时的用法歌诀: 过去的动作或状态，一直持续到现在，for、since把时间带句中动词的特点此种用法中表示持续性的动作或状态的动词必须是延续性动词（否定句除外）1. 这本书我买了5年了。 I have bought the book for five years. ( ) Ive had the book for five years. ( )2. 你哥哥参军多长时间了？ How long has your brother joined the army? ( ) How long has your brother been in the army/been a soldier? ( )非延续性动词和延续性动词之间的转换1. 转换为相应的延续性动词，用于现在完成时。 borrow keep buy have put on wear catch a cold have a cold get to know know get to sleep sleep2. 转化为“be + 形容词/副词/介词/名词” begin / start be on go out be out close be closed open be open get to/arrive/reach be (in) die be dead leave be away finish be over fall sleep be asleep join be in/be a member of become be make friends be friends come/go be + 相应的介词短语限时作业1、Do you miss your parents far away?Yes, very much. They _ the hometown since two years ago.A. leftB.have leftC. were away from D.have been away from2、Hurry up! The film _ for fifteen minutes.A. beginB.has begunC. is beginningD. has been on3、She _this book since she bought it from the bookstore. A. has borrowedB.has lentC.has boughtD. has kept4、Mr Fan _this watch in 2005. He _ it for 8 years. A. bought;has had B.bought; hasC.has bought;has hadD. has bought; had5、Some students in Shanghai _ e-bags for several months. A. haveB.have hadC.hadD.will have6、我有这辆车三年了。I _ _ this car _ three years.7、这件我不再穿的毛衣将会送给我的妹妹。The sweater I _ _wear will be given to my sister.8、自从我十岁我们就是朋友了。W_ friends _ I was ten years old.9、-你已经保管这本书多长时间了？- 三天了。 _ _ have you kept the book?_ three days.八年级英语（下）Unit 10 Ive had this bike for three years.Period 4 Section B 1a-2d【学习目标】1、知识与能力：（1）认知并熟练运用本课时重要单词和词组； （2）掌握并灵活应用以下交际用语：How long have you had that bike over there?Ive had it for three years.How long has his son owned the train and railway set?Hes owned it since his fourth birthday.Have you ever played football?Yes, I did when I was little, but I havent played for a while now.2、过程与方法：学生自主预习，教师主导，小组交流，合作探究3、情感态度价值观：正确处理并充分利用自己的废旧物品。【学习重点】：会运用现在完成时。【学习过程】一、课前预习预习质疑_二、课中实施：一、精讲点拨1. Nowadays, millions of Chinese leave the countryside to search for work in the cities.Search用作不及物动词时，意为“搜索；搜查”。短语search for 意为“搜寻，找寻”。e.g. He is searching for his sunglasses. 他正在找他的太阳镜。【拓展】作及物动词，意为“在搜查”或“搜查”。e.g. They searched the forest for the lost child.他们在森林里寻找那个走失的小孩。2. Among these is Zhang Wei, a 46-year-old husband and fatheramong 在三者或三者以上之间。e.g. Tom sits among the students. 汤姆坐在学生之间。between 在两者之间 e.g. Tom sits between Mary and Frank. 汤姆坐在玛丽和弗兰克之间。a 46-year-old husband and father意为“一位46岁的丈夫和父亲”，相当于a husband and father of 46years old.four-year-old 是一个复合形容词，特点“一是数词、名词、形容词之间要用连字符连接，二是数词后的名词用单数形式。e.g. Tom is a 10-year-old boy.= Tom is a boy of 10 years old. 汤姆是一个10岁的男孩。Lily is an 8-year-old girl. 莉莉是一个8岁的女孩【拓展】另一种类似的复合形容词作定语的结构是：数词+连字符+名词，或数词+名词的所有格。e.g. a two-month holiday=a two months holiday 一个为期两个月的假期。Ten-minute walk/drive/ride=ten minutes walk/drive/ride 步行/开车/骑车10分钟的路程3Its a shame, but I just dont have the time,shame 不可数名词，意为“羞耻；羞愧；惭愧” 与a连用，表示“可耻的人或事；可惜（遗憾）的事”。e.g. He felt no shame for what he had done. 他对自己所做过的事不感到羞愧。 Its a shame (that) you cant stay for dinner. 你不能留下来吃晚饭，真遗憾。【拓展】相关短语：to ones shame 令人感到羞愧的是 feel shame at 因而感到羞愧 in shame 羞愧的 have no shame无羞耻心4. Many people like Zhong Wei regard with great interest how their hometowns have changed. regard 及物动词，意为“将认为；把视为”。常用短语regardas意为“将视为；把当做”，as 为介词，其后接名词或代词。e.g. I regard you as my best friend. 我把你当做我最好的朋友。 We regard him as our brother. 我们把他当成兄弟看待。5. Children have learned to read and count at my old primary school since the mid-20th century.century可数名词，意为“世纪；百年”，其复数形式为centuries。e.g. The mid-20th century 意为“20世纪中期” eighteenth-century writer 18世纪的作家。A hundred years is a century. 一百年是一个世纪。6. According to Zhong Wei, however, some things will never change.according to 意为“依照，按照”，to为介词，后接名词、代词或从句e.g. He divided them into three groups according to age. 他把他们按年龄分成三组。7. Most of the children in my time liked to play together under that big tree, especially during the summer holidays.especially 副词，意为“尤其；特别；格外”，在句中作状语，用于列举某个特例或某事物的特殊性。形容词为especial“特别的，特殊的”。e.g. Flowers are always welcomed, especially in winter. 鲜花总是受到欢迎，尤其是冬天。8. consider 动词，意为“考虑”，=think about，后跟名词，代词，动名词，宾语从句或“疑问词+不定式”。e.g. Please consider my suggestion. 请考虑我的建议。 I am considering changing my job.我正在考虑换份工作。 He has never considered how to solve the problem他从未考虑过如何解决那个问题。【拓展】在与动词连用时，只能用动名词形式的动词或短语有： consider “考虑” enjoy “喜爱” practice“练习” keep （on）“继续（一直）” mind “介意” finish“完成” have fun “高兴” feel like “想要” look forward to “盼望” cant help “禁不住” give up “放弃”歌诀：喜欢错过别介意，完成愉快勤练习，禁不住考虑想放弃9. in my opinion in ones opinion=in the opinion of sb. 意为“依看”。e.g. In my opinion, its best to make some cards for our teachers. 依我看，最好给我们的老师做些卡片。10. hold hold及物动词，意为“拥有；抓住”，过去式和过去分词均为helde.g. He holds a major share in the company. 他持有该公司的大部分股份。 He is holding a book in her hand. 她手里正拿着一本书。【拓展】hold用作及物动词，还可意为“举行；主持”，相当于havee.g. They will hold a meeting to discuss this problem tomorrow.限时作业单项选择1. I dont believe that this _boy can paint such a nice picture.A. five years old B. five-years-old C. five-year-old2. According _ Mr. Wang, well go on a trip this weekend. A. in B. that C. who D. what 3. Look! Shes standing _ the ten children.A. among B. between C. of D. from4. -Can you give me some information about vacation trips? - Why not _ going to Hainan Island? A. consider B. mind C. keep D. think 5. -Did you go to Kenli during the Peach Blossom Festival (桃花节)? -Yes. The flowers were beautiful. Bees were flying them. A. in B. among C. between D. through6. Nowadays millions of Chinese leave the countryside to_ for the work in cities. A. looked B. search C. find D. see 7. Mr. Jack _ China for several years. A. has been to B. has come to C. has been in D. came to8. - - would you like to have _ apples? - no, thanks. ive had enough.A. other two B.another two C. more two D. two others9. Dont talk to anyone about the bad news _ not to my mother. A.hardly B. usually C. especially D. simply10 In this exam , youre asked to write a composition of about _ . A. 90- words B. 90- word C.90 words D. 90 words八年级英语（下）Unit 10 Ive had this bike for three years.Period 5 Section B 3a-self- check【学习目标】1、知识与能力：（1）认知并熟练运用本课时重要单词和词组； （2）掌握并灵活应用