nios II架构uclinux的过程.doc

nios II架构uclinux的过程前言:最近在论坛上有一些朋友提出我上传的”nios2架构uclinux（nios2-linux-20080619开发包）的过程”是英文版的不好读.碰巧我最近整理资料就把架构过程重新整理了一篇.便于朋友参考. 对于英语阅读能力比较好的朋友建议参考我整理的英文版.内容比较详细.由于作者水平有限,在整理过程中难免会出现一些错误,望朋友们批评并指正.转贴的朋友请注明出处/chong_lang/ (本博客正在完善中欢迎交流学习)开发环境:在vmware 中安装centos5.2操作系统(在网上下载安装CentOS-5 2-i386-bin-DVD )本人所使用的开发板为: altera公司的ep2c35f672c6n宿主机windows开发平台为: windows xp sp3在宿主机上安装的linux开发平台为centos5.2 内核为: vmlinuz-2.6.18 开发工具为:quartus7.2安装过程Ok! 现在开始niosii架构uclinux过程首先要在centos下挂载window 下的一个共享目录便于centos与宿主机传送文件,不会挂载的朋友google 一下linux 下mount命令的使用在centos操作系统上我的开发目录设在了/home/zhaozhileirootlocalhost#cd /home/zhaozhilei安装架构uclinux时所需要的库rootlocalhostzhaozhilei#sudo yum install git-all make gcc ncurses-devel bison byacc flex gawk gettext ccache zlib-devel gtk2-devel lzo-devel一下载uclinux开发包rootlocalhostzhaozhilei#wget /outgoing/nios2-linux-20080619.tar二解压nios2-linux-20080619.tarrootlocalhostzhaozhilei# tar xf nios2-linux-20080619.tar三进入nios2-linux目录rootlocalhostzhaozhilei# cd nios2-linuxls # see whats inbinutils gcc3README uClibcuse_http_for_updatecheckout insight toolchain-build uClinux-distelf2flt linux-2.6 u-bootupdate四检查文件是否齐全rootlocalhostnios2-linux#./checkout五下载交叉编译工具rootlocalhostnios2-linux# cd .rootlocalhostzhaozhilei# wget /outgoing/nios2g.080203.tar.bz2六解压文件rootlocalhostzhaozhilei#sudo tar jxfnios2gcc-20080203.tar.bz2-C /七添加PATH路径rootlocalhostzhaozhilei#cd rootlocalhost# vim ./bash_profile添加：PATH=$PATH:/opt/nios2/bin (红颜色部分是要添加的部分)八检查是否加入PATHrootlocalhost#echo $PATH结果应为：/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/opt/nios2/bin十检查交叉编译环境是否安装成功rootlocalhost#nios2-linux-uclibc-gcc v结果应为：Reading specs from /opt/nios2/lib/gcc/nios2-linux-uclibc/3.4.6/specsConfigured with: /root/buildroot/toolchain_build_nios2/gcc-3.4.6/configure -prefix=/opt/nios2 -build=i386-pc-linux-gnu -host=i386-pc-linux-gnu -target=nios2-linux-uclibc -enable-languages=c -enable-shared -disable-_cxa_atexit -enable-target-optspace -with-gnu-ld -disable-nls -enable-threads -disable-multilib -enable-cxx-flags=-staticThread model: posixgcc version 3.4.6十一. 编译内核和应用，进入到uclinux-dist目录rootlocalhosti#cd /home/zhaozhilei/nios2-linuxrootlocalhostnios2-linux#cd uClinux-distrootlocalhostuClinux-dist#make menuconfig确保选择以下内容Vendor/Product Selection - - Select the Vendor you wish to target Vendor (Altera) - - Select the Product you wish to target Altera Products (nios2) - Kernel/Library/Defaults Selection - - Kernel is linux-2.6.x Libc Version (None) - * Default all settings (lose changes) Customize Kernel Settings Customize Vendor/User Settings Update Default Vendor Settings注意：在成功引导uclinux之前不要改变上面任何设置然后 十二 .编译硬件配置选择相应的cpu 和sdrmarootlocalhostuClinux-dist#makevendor_hwselect SYSPTF=/配件配置目录/your_system.ptf选择cpu出现如下图(如果是多cpu的话,根据实际情况选择) 选择sdram如下图(在这里我选择的是1即ddr_sdram_0,其它根据实际情况) 十三. 编译内核和应用rootlocalhostuClinux-dis# make (需要编译一段时间)十四. 将 zImage文件copy到宿主机上rootlocalhostyanfa# cp ./ images/zImage 你挂载的目录十五. 在宿主机上(windows)打开nios ii eds 7.2 command shell开始程序altera- nios ii eds 7.2-nios ii eds 7.2 command shell十六.下载你的sof文件到目标板十七. 下载zImage 到目标板十八. 打开nios终端十九. uclinux正确启动时应出现如下信息Using cable USB-Blaster USB 2-1.2, device 1, instance 0x00Pausing target processor: OKInitializing CPU cache (if present)OKDownloaded 1272KB in 7.7s (165.1KB/s)Verified OKStarting processor at address 0x00500000# nios2-terminalnios2-terminal: connected to hardware target using JTAG UART on cablenios2-terminal: USB-Blaster USB 2-1.2, device 1, instance 0nios2-terminal: (Use the IDE stop button or Ctrl-C to terminate)Uncompressing Linux. Ok, booting the kernel.Linux version 2.6.26-rc6 (hippodarkstar) (gcc version 3.4.6) #2 PREEMPT Mon Jun 16 14:30:09 CST 2008uClinux/Nios IIBuilt 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping off. Total pages: 8128Kernel command line:PID hash table entries: 128 (order: 7, 512 bytes)Dentry cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)Inode-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes)Memory available: 30136k/2333k RAM, 0k/0k ROM (1552k kernel code, 781k data)Mount-cache hash table entries: 512net_namespace: 180 bytesNET: Registered protocol family 16NET: Registered protocol family 2IP route cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)TCP established hash table entries: 1024 (order: 1, 8192 bytes)TCP bind hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)TCP: Hash tables configured (established 1024 bind 1024)TCP reno registeredNET: Registered protocol family 1io scheduler noop registeredio scheduler deadline registered (default)ttyJ0 at MMIO 0x8009340 (irq = 8) is a Altera JTAG UARTconsole ttyJ0 enabledttyS0 at MMIO 0x8008e00 (irq = 7) is a Altera UARTdm9000 Ethernet Driver, V1.30TCP cubic registeredNET: Registered protocol family 17RPC: Registered udp transport module.RPC: Registered tcp transport module.Freeing unused kernel memory: 572k freed (0x1b8000 - 0x246000)Shell invoked to run file: /etc/rcCommand: hostname uClinuxCommand: mount -t proc proc /procCommand: mount -t sysfs sysfs /sysCommand: mount -t usbfs none /proc/bus/usbmount: mounting none on /proc/bus/usb failed: No such file or directoryCommand: mkdir /var/tmpCommand: mkdir /var/logCommand: mkdir /var/runCommand: mkdir /var/lockCommand: mkdir /var/emptyCommand: ifconfig lo Command: route add -net netmask loCommand: cat /etc/motdWelcome to _ _ _ / _| |_| _ _| | | | _ _ _ _ _ _ | | | | | | | | _ | | | | / / | |_| | |_| | | | | | |_| |/ | _|_|_|_| |_|_|_/_/ | | |_|呵呵, 恭喜你成功运行了uclinux操作系统现在你可以根据自己的喜好从新配置内核啦!如下操作:从新回到虚拟机下的uclinux-dist目录下rootlocalhostuclinux-dist#make menuconfigKernel/Library/Defaults Selection -(linux-2.6.x) Kernel Version(None) Libc Version Default all settings (lose changes)* Customize Kernel Settings* Customize Vendor/User Settings Update Default