湖北省黄石市高考英语 阅读理解训练题（8）.doc

湖北省黄石市2014高考英语阅读理解训练题（8）及答案新闻报道型阅读理解(一)the crisis at japans fukushima daiichi nuclear energy center has raised questions about the future of the nuclear energy industry. arjun makhijani is president of the institute for energy and environmental research in the united states. he says the disaster in japan is historic.this week, the chairman of americas nuclear agency said there is little chance that harmful radiation from japan could reach the united states. nuclear regulatory commission chairman gregory jaczko also said america has a strong program in place to deal with earthquake threats. no new nuclear power centers have been built in the united states since 1979.that was when americas worst nuclear accident happened at the three mile island center in pennsylvania. the accident began to turn public opinion against nuclear energy.to support more clean energy production, the obama government has been seeking billions of dollars in government loan guarantees to build new centers. presently, about twenty percent of electricity in the united states comes from nuclear energy. but critics say nuclear power is too costly and dangerous to be worth further expansion.german prime minister angela merkel said germany would close all seven nuclear power centers for a moment while energy policy is reconsidered. the european union is planning to test all centers in its twentyseven member nations.developing nations are less willing to slow nuclear expansion. china said it would continue with plans to build about twentyfive new nuclear plants. and india, under a cooperation agreement with the united states, plans to spend billions on new centers in the coming years.japan has made nuclear energy a national priority since the 1970s. unlike many major economies, japan imports eighty percent of its energy. the nuclear energy institute said twentynine percent of japans electricity came from nuclear sources in 2011.the government planned to increase that to forty percent by 2017.nuclear plants supply fourteen percent of global electricity. nuclear energy is a clean resource, producing no carbon gases. but radioactive waste is a serious unresolved(未解决的) issue. so_is_the_presence_of_nuclear_power_centers_in_earthquake_areas_like_the_one_near_bushehr,_iran.()6.which of the following countries is the least likely to expand its use of nuclear energy?achina. bindia. ciran. dgermany.()7.the government of japan intended to increase its nuclear energy in 2017 by _ compared with 2011.a29% b40% c69% d11%()8.which of the following statements about the use of nuclear power in the us. is true?amost of the electricity comes from nuclear energy in the us.bthe obama government is against building nuclear power plants. ca small number of nuclear power plants have been built since 1979.da serious nuclear accident happened in america at the end of the 1970s.()9.whats the main idea of this passage?athe nuclear crisis in japan has spread to other parts of the world. bthe situation of the worlds nuclear power development after the crisis in japan.cjapans nuclear disaster will slow the expansion of nuclear plants all over the world.djapans nuclear disaster wont affect the nuclear energy production in other countries. ()10.from the last sentence of the passage, we can see the writers attitude towards building a nuclear power plant near bushehr, iran is_.asupportive boptimistic cnegative duncertain(一)本文为新闻。主要报道各国的核能使用状况及相关态度。6d细节理解题。根据第四段german prime minister angela merkel said germany would close all seven nuclear power centers for a moment while energy policy is reconsidered.可知德国将暂时关闭七座核电站，故选d。7d细节理解题。根据倒数第二段the nuclear energy institute said twentynine percent of japans electricity came from nuclear sources in 2011.the government planned to increase that to forty percent by 2017.可推断选d(40%29%11%)。8d细节理解题。根据第二段no new nuclear power centers have been built in the united states since 1979.that was when americas worst nuclear accident happened at the three mile island center in pennsylvania.可判断选d。9b主旨大意题。日本核辐射引发了全球对核能使用的反思，继而报道了各国对核能的使用状况及相关态度，由此判断全文主题应该是b项。10c推理判断题。根据画线句前的but radioactive waste is a serious unresolved(未解决的) issue.再结合对画线句的理解可判断，作者对在伊朗布什尔地震多发地区建立核电站的做法持反对态度，故选c。*结束 alices adventures in wonderland is one of the most loved childrens books of all time, and many adults enjoy it as well. it tells the story of a young girl named alice, who follows a rabbit entering a magical world called wonderland. she has many experiences which seem to change the rules of reasoning or common sense. the popularity of the book comes from its imagination, interesting story, and art work.the writer of the book is lewis carroll. in fact, lewis carroll was not the writers real name. his real name was charles dodgson. one day, he took a boat ride down the thames river to have a picnic with three little girls who were friends of the family. to keep them enter tained on the ride,he told them a story in which alice, the middle child,was the main character. they enjoyed the story very much.charles later wrote the story down under the name alices adeventures under ground and gave it to alice as a christmas present. later, he gave a copy to his friend george macdonald. george read it to his children and they loved it. george suggested to charles that he make a book from his story. charles then wrote more parts to the story until it was around 35,000words. it was first printed in 1866, with art work by john tenniel, under the name alices adventures in wonderland. the book was animmediate success. one of its first fans was queen victoria. she immediately requested a collection of all of lewis carrolls works. she was surprised to find that they included many works on math. in fact, charles dogdgson was a highly respected mathematician. this can be seen in many puzzles and plays on reasoning that appear in his books and poems.since the story was first printed, it has kept selling up to the present day. it has been translated into over fifty languages and has had several movies based on it.9. the passage is mainly about .a. charlesfamily lifeb. the birth of a book and its lasting influencesc. a magical world called wonderlandd. a girls adventurous experiences10. who first had the idea of making a book from the story “alice adventures under ground”?a. aliceb. charlesc. georged. john11. we can learn from the passage that . aqueen victoria asked for a copy of alices adventures in wonderland bcharles had a gift for reasoning and writingccharles had all his works translated into fifty languagesdalices adventures under ground also sold well12which of the following is the right order of the passage? acharles gave his story to alice as a christmas present bcharles had a picnic with three little girls on the thames. calices adventures in wonderland was first printed in 1866 dmore parts were added to the story by charles e. the book won a large number of fans.a.cbade b.cabed c.badce d.baced912、bc bc *结束 the science of physics today is as current as the morning newspaper. indeed, as a result of new advances in physics and their rapid application to inventions designed to satisfy mans wants, the world itself has been changing rapidly. space technology, industrial technology, and the technology of the home, the farm, the office, the bank, and the department store have all been revolutionized.clearly, every grown up today would understand the world he lives in much better if he knew something about physics. whether it be congress(美国国会) voting huge sums of money for new warships, space exploration, or atomic energy；the office staff learning to use a new computer；son bobby wanting to know about going to the moon；or the housewife learning to operate a new electric stove physics seems to be everywhere.teachers in thousands of schoolrooms in america are trying to communicate some of the excitement and importance of these new developments to their students. they know that some of their eager students will someday be scientists and will them selves then contribute(贡献) to the development of new knowledge or its application to new things.but in any case, they can be sure that if they bring a knowledge of science(any science) to their students in meaningful and stimulating ways, they have contributed much to helping each one live a more meaningful life.13the application of new advances in physics to inventions _ .amay solve all the problems in teaching bcan help people understand the meaning of life cis intended to meet peoples needs dmakes people understand the voting rules of the congress 14according to the passage, many american teachers are making efforts to do all of the following except _.aarousing (激起) their students interest in physicsbmaking their students understand the importance of physics cgiving their students the information of new advances in science dcreating excitement about physical education among their students 15the word “themselves” in the third paragraph refers to _ . asome of the eager students bthe students in the classroom cthe teachers giving lessons dall the scientists in physics 16the first two paragraphs of the passage mainly tell us about _ .anew advances in physics can result in new inventionsbphysics is widely used in our lifecthe world has been changing rapidlydspace and industrial technology have all been revolutionized. 1316、 cdb b*结束 health, wellness and the politics of food9：009：45 am. blue tentpanelists (成员)：jami bernard, david kamp, marion nestle and peter singer.hosted by denise grady, science writer for the new york times.how does what we eat not only affect our bodies, but also the world？the food and nutrition experts debate the role that the diet plays in both personal and global health, and present a look at food politics.sports writing：for the love of the game9：5010：35 am. blue tentpanelists：christine brennan, ira rosen, joe wallace and joe drape.hosted by william crhoden, sports writer for the new york times.whether catching that key moment of victory or defeat, or covering breaking news, sports writers are anything but audience. listen as some professionals discuss the special experience in reporting of sports news. the art of the review11：1512：00 am. green tentpanelists: john freeman, barry gewen, david orr, celia mcgee and jennifer schuessler.hosted by sam tanenhaus, editor for the new york times book review.how much of an effect does the book review have on book sales？join this group of critics(评论家) as they discuss the reality of book review and bestseller lists, and how they choose books for review.new york writers, new york stories3：003：45 pm. green tentpanelists: cindy adams, richard cohen, ric klass and lauren redniss.hosted by clyde haberman, columnist (专栏作家) for the city section of the new york times.join this inspiring group of new yorkcentric writers as they talk about why new york is a gold mine of ideas for their work. ()11.if you are free in the afternoon, you can attend_. athe art of the review bnew york writers, new york stories chealth, wellness and the politics of fooddsports writing: for the love of the game()12.if you like sports writing, you will most probably _. ago to blue tent at 11：15 am benjoy jami bernards talk clisten to christine brennan dattend the art of the review()13.sam tanenhaus is in charge of _. athe art of the review bhealth, wellness and the politics of food cnew york writers, new york stories dsports writing：for the love of the game ()14.all the four activities above _. aare about writing bwill last 45 minutes each ccan be attended freely dwill attract many readers()15.we can learn from the text that_. asports writers are a type of audience bthe new york times is popular cdenise grady will discuss politics dbook reviews may affect book sales（二）本文是广告阅读，主要介绍四项活动开展的时间、成员、主办者及活动的基本内容。11b细节理解题。比较四项活动举行的时间，可判断只有“new york writers, new york stories”在下午举行，故选b。12c细节理解题。根据第二个活动的介绍可判断选c。13a细节理解题。根据the art of the reviewhosted by sam tanenhaus, editor for the new york times book review.可判断选a。14b推理判断题。计算四项活动举行的时间可推断四项活动举行的时间都长达45分钟，故选b。15d推理判断题。根据how much of an effect does the book review have on book sales？join this group of critics(评论家) as they discuss the reality of book review and bestseller lists, and how they choose books for review可判断选d。*结束 科普知识型阅读理解(一)(一)when top engineers in germany wanted to build a more energyefficient car, they headed to the natural history museum to study dolphins and sharks. but it was the boxfish (盒子鱼)that interested them. “we were surprised when this clumsylooking fish became our model for designing an aerodynamic (空气动力学的)car”，says thomas weber. he is the research and development chief for the car company daimler. an aerodynamic design reduces wind drag and increases fuel efficiency. the boxfish may look clumsy, but it can start, stop，back up and zigzag (曲折前进)through the water with ease. and it does all this using surprisingly little energy. daimlers bionic (仿生学的)car is modeled on the fishs boxy skeletal (骨骼的) system. like the fish, the car is fast and drives easily. its efficient too. the science behind natureinspired inventions is called biomimicry (生物仿生). biologist janine benyus came up with the term. as cofounder of the biomimicry guild, she has worked with cereal companies，sneaker designers and others to develop products based on natures best ideas. this month，the natures 100 best list will be revealed at the world conservation congress (代表大会)in barcelona，spain. benyus coauthored the list of natureinspired designs with economist gunter pauli. in zimbabwe，a country in southern africa，engineers designed energyefficient buildings modeled on termite (白蚁)mounds (土堆). the buildings use vents (孔) to keep the air flowing and the temperature cool. a company in atlanta，us，developed a selfcleaning paint modeled on the lotus (荷花)leaf. when the paint dries，it becomes bumpy (不平的)，just like the lotus leaf. rain drops form on the bumps and roll off，carrying dirt along with them. nature has done billions of years of research. only the bestdesigned products have survived. companies owe mother nature a debt for all that hard work，says benyus. for scientists and inventors, the possibilities for copying nature are limitless. technology may never be as efficient as nature, or as colorful. but that doesnt mean we should stop trying to learn from the world around us. take a walk outside. watch a squirrel climb up a tree. look closely at the veins (纹理)of a leaf. hear the birds chirping in the trees. such small details may help solve big problems in the future.()6.which is true according to the passage? ain america a selfcleaning paint was modeled on the lotus flower. bzimbabwe engineers learned from termites to create highly advanced heating systems. cafter the boxfish，many other ideas of new products are borrowed from nature. dnature is a good source to turn to for improving technology.()7.the clumsylooking boxfish interested the scientists because of the following reasons except that_. ait swims using little energy bbeing boxy, it looks quite like a car csome engineers had researched on how to swim easily in the water dit is a speedy swimmer()8.why did top engineers in germany go to the natural history museum? athey wanted to pay a visit to the animals there because they were so lovely. bthey wanted to carry out a research of boxf