[英语考试]无为老师词汇.doc

HOLD/PROPOSE/DEEM在托福考试里面HOLD/PROPOSE/DEEM都表示“认为，提出”的意思hold 1/ huld; hold/ v (pt, pp held / held; hld/) Tn, Tn.pr take and keep or support (sb/sth) in ones arms, hands, teeth, etc 拿住, 抓住, 抱住, 咬住, 托住, 支撑住（某人某物）: The girl was holding her fathers hand. 那女孩抓住她父亲的手. * The lovers held each other tight. 这一对情侣紧紧地搂抱着. * They were holding hands, ie holding each others hands. 他们手握着手. * She was holding an umbrella. 她拿着一把伞. * She held me by the sleeve. 她抓住我的袖子. * She was holding the baby in her arms. 她抱着婴儿. * He held the rope in his teeth as he climbed the tree. 他爬树时用牙齿咬着绳子. Tf, Cn.a, Cn.t (fml 文) believe, consider or regard 相信;认为; 视作: I hold that the governments economic policies are mistaken. 我认为政府的经济政策是错误的. * I hold the parents responsible for their childs behaviour. 我认为父母应对子女的行为负责. * I hold him to be a fool. 我认为他是个傻瓜.propose/ prpuz; prpoz/ v Tn, Tf, Tg offer or put forward (sth) for consideration; suggest提议, 建议（某事物）: The motion (ie for debate) was proposed by Mr. X and seconded by Mrs Y. 那动议经X先生提出有Y夫人附议. * The committee proposed that new legislation should be drafted. 委员会建议着手起草新法规. Cf 参看 second3 2. I, Ipr, Tn, Dn.pr (sth) (to sb) suggest or offer marriage (to sb), esp formally （向某人）求婚（尤指正式地）: He was trying to decide whether he should propose (to her). 他反覆思量是否该（向她）求婚. * He had proposed marriage, unsuccessfully, twice already. 他已经两次求婚, 均未成功. (idm 习语) propose sbs health/a toast ask people to drink to sbs health and happiness 提议为某人的健康和幸福而乾杯: I should like to propose a toast to the bride and bridegroom. 我提议为新娘新郎的幸福乾杯.Deem / dim; dim/ v Tf, Tnt esp passive 尤用于被动语态, Cn.a esp passive 尤用於被动语态, Cn.n (fml 文) consider; regard认为; 视为: He deemed that it was his duty to help. 他认为他有责任加以援助. * She was deemed (to be) the winner. 人们认为是她获胜. * It is deemed advisable. 这认为是可取的. * I deem it a great honor to be invited to address you. 要我向诸位讲几句话, 我觉得非常荣幸.CONSIDERABLEconsiderable就是一个这样的单词，无老师问二丫爱无老师有多少，二丫说considerable distance。无老师一听，顿时感觉小鹿乱撞，没听二丫说么：considerable distance。consider是“考虑”的意思，able的后缀是“能”合起来不就是“可以考虑，值得考虑”的意思么。这说明无老师有戏啊_73岁的老光棍，终于能迎来自己的初恋了！_过了11年，无老师还没有真正的牵上二丫的手。终于有一天，无老师问二丫，为什么还不给他机会。二丫非常惊讶的看着无老师，“不是11年前，就告诉你没戏了么”。无老师问：“不是说可考虑么？”二丫，打开自己的灵格斯辞典，幽幽的递给无老师，无老师看到里面写着：considerable：相当多的; 相当大的.都84了，无老师活到什么时候，才能迎来自己的第一春啊？！ / knsdrbl; knsdrbl/ adj great in amount or size 相当多的; 相当大的: a considerable quantity, sum, distance, etc 相当大的数量 数目 距离等 * bought at considerable expense 花很多钱买到的. considerably / -bl; -bl/ adv much; a great deal 非常; 很; 相当地: Its considerably colder this morning. 今早冷得多.SUBJECT TOsubject to=遭受.，受支配, 从属于一共3个意思a.如果某人或者某物受某些事物支配，尤其是不好的事物，可能那些从属物会受到它的影响（它指上面的从属于后的事物）列句：所有飞机都遭到延时。价格受变化支配（影响）。b.如果某些事物从属于一些事物，比如“approval#”，依赖与事物发生前它是可以发生的（解释为可以.的）c.从属于规则/法律/税等如果你服从规章/法律/税等，你一定要遵守规则或者付一定数量的钱。违犯者遭受100美圆的处罚。WITHSTAND二丫，老刘家闺女又考了双百，你今晚就别出去玩了，好好学习吧。阿辉，隔壁uncle Li家的儿子这次考上了市一中，重点中学，为家里省了5万块钱。悟空，你看3楼猪八戒他家，女儿考上了清华大学，学校重奖10万块钱，你可要好好学，这样你就可以天天吃桃子了。这是我们在上学的时候一定要withstand的。闺女，你看老刘家儿子都结婚了，你也快25了，快点找一个吧。老公，你看邻居老公给他老婆买了一个2克拉的钻戒，我什么时候能有一个？儿子，你也老大不小的了，应该要个孩子了，老王家的孙女都满地跑了！这是我们在25以上必须要withstand的。妈妈，你说小时候好好学习，我长大就能看漫画了，为什么现在不让我看？爸爸，你说我小时候听话，长大可以随便玩游戏机，我买个PS3为什么不行？爷爷，你说我考上大学就可以交女朋友了，但是现在我都不知道该怎么跟女孩子交往，我该怎么办？长辈，这是你们该withstand的！这里如果你还把withstand翻译成“抵抗”的话，那你需要解决的是中文的语言问题，而不是英文的语言问题，很显然我们以前的词典里又把withstand翻译错了，正确的意思应该是“经得住”“承受”的意思。 / wstnd, also ws-; wstnd, ws-/v (pt, pp withstood / -stud; -std/) Tn (often fml 常作文雅语) endure (sth) without giving in, collapsing, wearing out, etc; resist 承受住（某事物）; 抵住: withstand attacks, pressure, wind 禁得住攻击 压力 风吹 * shoes that will withstand hard wear 耐穿的鞋.CURRENTcurrent这个单词，我们在一开始学到的时候，是“现代的”的意思，但是在托福考试之中，很显然“流”这个概念的考察，是与“现代的”这个概念的考察是并驾齐驱的。而且我们还要注意“流”的概念可以非常广泛，不仅仅是水流，还可以是“现金流”，“电流”等广义上的流。 / krnt; knt/ adjusu attrib 通常作定语 of the present time; happening now 现在的; 现行的; 当前发生的: current issues, problems, prices 目前的议题 问题 价格 * the current issue of a magazine 最新一期的杂志 * the current year, ie this year 今年 * current events in India 印度的要闻 * her current boy-friend 她现在的男朋友. in common or general use; generally accepted 通用的; 通行的; 被普遍接受的: current opinions, beliefs, etc 普遍的看法 信仰等 * words that are no longer current 已不通用的词 * a rumour that is current (ie widely known) in the city 在城里广为传播的谣言. =Usage at new 用法见new. currently adv at the present time 当前; 时下: our director, who is currently in London 本公司的董事, 现在伦敦.# ,current account (esp Brit) (US checking account) bank account from which money can be drawn without previous notice 活期存款账户. Cf 参看 deposit account (deposit2), savings account (saving).,current affairs events of political importance happening in the world at the present time 时事.,current assets (commerce 商) assets which change in the course of business (eg money owed) 流动资产. Cf 参看 fixed assets (fix1). current 2/ krnt; knt/ n C movement of water, air, etc flowing in a certain direction through slower-moving or still water, air, etc （水 气等的）流, 流动: The swimmer was swept away by the current. 那个游泳的人被激流卷走了. * She had to swim against the current. 她必须逆着水流往上游. * Currents of warm air keep the hang-gliders aloft. 悬挂式滑翔机藉着暖气流在高空飞行. U, sing flow of electricity through sth or along a wire or cable 电流: a 15-amp current 强度为15安培的电流 * Turn on the current. 接通电源. * A sudden surge in the current made the lights fuse. 电压突然增加烧断了保险丝而使电灯熄灭. Cf 参看 alternating current (alternate2), direct current (direct1). C course or movement (of events, opinions, etc); trend （事件 见解等的）趋向, 趋势, 倾向: Nothing disturbs the peaceful current of life in the village. 没有任何事干扰村里一向平静的生活. * We must try to counteract the present current of anti-government feeling. 我们应该努力消除目前的这股反政府情绪.DRAMATICDRAMATIC这个单词，我们在背的时候都背的是“戏剧化的”，什么是“戏剧化的”？“戏剧化的”就是当我们有一天发现春哥原来是女人的时候，我们就会发现什么叫做“戏剧化的”！而当发现春哥是女人的时候，给我们带来的震动是DRAMATIC的，也就是“剧烈的”！一定要记住DRAMATIC这个单词在英文之中绝大多数情况下，表达的是“剧烈的”。 attrib 作定语 of drama 戏剧的: a dramatic society 戏剧协会 * The play is a dramatic representation of a real event. 这出话剧改编自真人真事. exciting or impressive 戏剧性的; 激动人心的; 给人深刻印象的: dramatic changes, developments, news 激动人心的变化 发展 消息 * Her opening words were dramatic. 她的开场白十分动听. dramatically / -kl; -kl/ adv: Her attitude changed dramatically. 她的态度突然大大改变. dramatics n usu sing v 通常与单数动词连用1 study or practice of acting and producing plays 戏剧表演和创作的研究或实践: amateur dramatics 业余戏剧活动.2 (derog 贬) exaggerated or over-emotional behaviour 夸张的或过分激动的行为: Ive had enough of your dramatics. 我看够你装腔作势的表现了.# dra,matic irony effect produced in a drama, etc when the audience understands the implications of words or actions better than the characters do themselves 戏剧性讽示（一种戏剧效果, 观众领会到剧中人言行的含义而剧中人本身却未领会到）.SINCE当我们看到since这个单词的时候第一反应往往是“自从”的意思。但是一定要注意这个单词在托福考试之中，你的第一反应一定是“因为”的意思，如果不对的话，再看看是否是“自从”的意思。这个是托福考试一个考察的绝对重点！ / sns; sns/ prep (used with the present or past perfect tense 与现在完成时态或过去完成时态连用) from (a specified time in the past) till a later past time, or till now 从（过去某时间）以来 以後或到现在: I havent eaten since breakfast. 我吃了早饭後到现在还什麽都没吃呢. * Shes been working in a bank since leaving school. 她中学毕业後就一直在一家银行工作. * He had spoken to her only once since the party. 自从那次聚会以来, 他只跟她说过一次话. since conj(used with the present perfect, past perfect or simple present tense in the main clause 与主句中的现在完成时态 过去完成时态或一般现在时态连用) from (a specified event in the past) till a later past event, or till now 从（过去某事）以来 以後或到现在: Where have you been since I last saw you? 自从我上次见到你以後, 你到哪儿去了? * It was the first time Id won since Id learnt to play chess. 自从我学会下国际象棋以来, 这是我第一次赢. * How long is it since we visited your mother? 自从我们看望你母亲以来到现在有多长时间了? because; as 因为; 既然; 由於: Since weve no money we cant buy a new car. 因为我们没钱, 没法买新汽车.(idm 习语) ever since =ever. since adv (used with the present or past perfect tense 与现在完成时态或过去完成时态连用) from a specified time in the past till a later past time, or till now 从过去某时间以来 以後或到现在: He left home two weeks ago and we havent heard from him since. 他两星期以前离开了家, 到现在我们一直没有他的消息. * She moved to London last May and has since got a job on a newspaper. 她去年五月到伦敦, 此後一直在报社工作.APPROACHapproach/ prut; prot/ vI, Tn come near or nearer to (sb/sth) in space or time （在空间或时间上）接近, 靠近（某人某事物）: The time is approaching when we must think about buying a new house. 我们要想一想买新房子的事了, 时机即将来临. * As you approach the town the first building you see is the church. 接近那座城镇的时候, 首先看到的就是教堂.Tn be similar in quality or character to (sb/sth) （在性质或特点上）接近（某人某事物）: Few writers even begin to approach Shakespeares greatness. 莎士比亚的伟大, 鲜有作家能望其项背.Tn go to (sb) for help or support or in order to offer sth （为求助或提供某事物）接近（某人）: approach ones bank manager for a loan 找银行经理寻求贷款 * approach a witness with a bribe 前去贿赂目击者 * I find him difficult to approach, ie not easy to talk to in a friendly way. 我觉得他很难接近（不好谈话）.Tn begin to tackle (a task, problem, etc) 着手处理（事务 难题等）: Before trying to solve the puzzle, let us consider the best way to approach it. 要想解决这一难题, 咱们先来考虑一下如何着手方为上策. approach n1 sing act of approaching接近: Heavy footsteps signalled the teachers approach. 沉重的脚步声显示教师已经走近了. * At her approach the children ran off. 她走近的时候, 孩子们都跑了.2 C to sth thing resembling sth in quality or character 性质或特点相似的事物: Thats the nearest approach to a smile he ever makes. 那已算是他能做出的最近乎微笑的表示了.3 C way leading to sth; path; road通路; 进路; 道路: All the approaches to the palace were guarded by troops. 通往宫殿的所有道路都有部队把守. * attrib 作定语 Police are patrolling the major approach roads to the stadium. 警察正在通往运动场的主要通路上巡逻.4 C way of dealing with a person or thing方法; 手段: a new approach to language teaching 语言教学的新方法.5 C attempt to reach agreement or become friendly with sb （想与某人商议或亲近的）尝试, 意图: The club has made an approach to a local business firm for sponsorship. 俱乐部已试探向本地一家公司寻求资助. * She resented his persistent approaches. 他一再地表示亲近使她很反感.6 C final part of an aircrafts flight before landing 进场（飞机着陆前的最後飞行阶段）: the approach to the runway 进入跑道的进场飞行.7 C (in golf) stroke from the fairway to the green （高尔夫球赛中）从外野击向球穴区草地.8 (idm 习语) easy/difficult of approach (fml 文) easy/difficult to talk to in a friendly way 平易近人的难於接近的.approachable adj 1 (of people or things) that can be approached （指人或物）可接近的 : The village is only approachable from the south. 这个村子只有从南边才能到达. 2 friendly and easy to talk to 和蔼可亲的. approachability / prutblt; protblt/ n U.CARBONnon-metallic chemical element that is present in all living matter and occurs in its pure form as diamond and graphite 碳. =App 10 见附录10.C stick of carbon used in an electric arc lamp 炭精棒（用於电弧光灯）.C = carbon paper.C = carbon copy. carbonize, -ise v Tn convert (sth) into carbon by burning 将（某物）烧成碳; 碳化. carbonization, -isation / kbnazen; US -nz-; krbnzen/ n U.# carbon black black powder made by partly burning oil, wood, etc, and used as a colouring or in the manufacture of rubber 碳黑（未完全燃烧的油 木材等的黑色粉末, 用於调色或橡胶生产）.,carbon copy 1 copy made with carbon paper 复写本; 副本: make a carbon copy of a document 用复写纸复写一文件. 2 (fig 比喻) exact copy or likeness 一模一样; 极相像: Shes a carbon copy of her sister. 她跟她姐姐一模一样.,carbon dating method of calculating the age of prehistoric objects by measuring the decay of radio-carbonin them 碳含量年代测定法.,carbon dioxide colourless odourless gas formed by the burning of carbon, or breathed out by animals from the lungs 二氧化碳.,carbon monoxide poisonous gas formed when carbon burns incompletely, present eg in the exhaust fumes of petrol engines 一氧化碳.carbon paper (sheet of) thin paper coated with carbon or some other coloured substance and used between sheets of writing-paper for making copies 复写纸.AGGRESSIVE“Aggressive的社会不欢迎aggressive的个人”。一句话非常形象展示出了aggressive的两层含义，如果我们仔细的观察一下aggressive这个单词的词义，就会发现其实这个单词是有正负两个方面的，“有进取精神的”是正面的意思，而“侵犯的”就是负面的含义，当我们谈论到一个人的时候，我们常常取道的就是“有进取精神的”这层含义，但是当我们说到敌人的时候，我们才会用到“侵犯的”这层含义，因此从这个意义上来说，我们在大多数情况下用到的，都是“有进取精神的”这层含义，毫无疑问，当我们形容现在中国这个急剧变化的社会的时候，我们就可以用到“有进取精神的”这层意思，我们谈到一个公司的战略的时候，我们也可以用到“有进取精神的”这层含义，或者当我们说一个为企业创造了很多价值的人的时候，我们也可以用到“有进取精神的”这个意思。但是当我们说到自己的自己的敌对方的时候，也可以用到这个单词，但是这里就是用到“侵犯的”这层含义了，我们说到已经倒掉的雷曼兄弟的时候，我们可以用这个单词，我们说到希特勒的时候，我们可以用到这个单词，当我们提到二丫的时候（左看，右看，上看，下看！无老师确认四下无人之后）我们可以也用到这个单词_也许是这个单词的多面性使得这个单词在托福考试之中出现了76次。/ gresv; rsv/ adj(a) (of people or animals) apt or ready to attack; offensive; quarrelsome（指人或动物）侵略的, 好攻击的, 好寻衅的, 好争吵的: dogs trained to be aggressive 训练成攻击型的狗 * Aggressive nations threaten world peace. 侵略成性的国家威胁世界和平. (b) (of things or actions) for or of an attack; offensive （指事物或行动）攻击性的: aggressive weapons 攻击性的武器.(often approv 常作褒义) forceful; self-assertive强有力的; 坚持己见的: A good salesman must be aggressive if he wants to succeed. 要做个好推销员一定要有闯劲才能成功. aggressively adv. aggressiveness n U.GAMEGame我们都知道就是那场游戏，但是有多少人愿意去进入到这场游戏之中呢？也许从来没有，但是我思故我在，当你思考的这一刻，说明你已经处于这场游戏之中了。当你站在游戏场上，你就已经成为了别人的game。成为了别人的“游戏”么？No！这个单词还有“猎物”的意思，注意，你此时成为了别人的猎物。游戏之中，有机智，有善良，有判断，有game！这里的game又是什么意思？来二丫，回答一下！二丫：诡计！无老师：恭喜你，答对了！二丫：Oh， Yeah！game这个单词出现多少次呢？Magic Time：33次！C (a) form of play or sport with rules游戏; 运动: popular childrens games 儿童喜爱的游戏 * a game of chance/skill 一种碰运气的赛技巧的游戏. (b) instance of this 游戏; 运动: to play a game of chess, football, hide-and-seek, etc 下棋 踢足球 捉迷藏 * Lets have a game of snooker. 咱们打一局台球吧. =Usage at sport 用法见sport.games pl (a) athletics or sport as part of a school curriculum （学校的）体育活动: Mary never played games at school. 玛丽在学校从不参加体育活动. (b) (also the Games) (international) athletic contests （国际）体育比赛, 运动会: the Olympic/Commonwealth/Highland Games 奥林匹克英联邦/苏格兰高地运动会.C part of a game (eg tennis or bridge) that forms a scoring unit （网球或桥牌的）一局, 一盘, 一场: We need another twenty points to make game, ie in bridge. 我们需再打20分才够一局（桥牌）. * They lost the first game of the second set, ie in tennis. 他们在第二盘中输了第一局（网球赛）. * (one) game all, two games all, etc, ie each player or team has won one game, two games, etc 各赢一局 各赢两局等 * Game, set and match (to), ie The tennis match has been won (by) 赢得这局 盘 场网球赛的是 * attrib 作定语 game point, ie stage in a competition when one point is needed to win the game （比赛中）决胜的一分.C set of equipment for playing a game （游戏或运动的）器材: My uncle always gives us a board game for Christmas. 我叔叔每逢圣诞节总要送给我们一副棋.C (usu sing 通常作单数) (infml 口) (a) secret and cunning plan; trick诡计; 计谋; 花招: So thats his (little) game! ie Now I know what he has been planning. 原来那就是他的鬼点子! * I wish I knew what her game is, ie what she is planning to do. 但愿我知道她打的是什麽主意. (b) type of activity or business 活动类型; 行业: the publishing game 出版业 * the game of politics 政治工作 * How long have you been in this game? 你从事这一行业有多久了?U (flesh of) wild animals or birds hunted for sport or food猎物; 野兽或野禽的肉: attrib 作定语 game pie 野味馅饼.(idm 习语) beat sb at his own game = beat1. easy game = easy1. fair game = fair1. fun and games = fun. the ,game is not worth the candle (saying 谚) the advantages to be gained from doing sth are not worth the trouble, expense, etc involved 不值得做; 得不偿失. the game is up (usu said to or by a wrongdoer when he is caught 抓到做坏事者时说的话或做坏事者被抓到时的自语) your/our crime, trickery, etc has been discovered 事情已败露了; 你我们完蛋了. a game that two can play; two can play at that game (that is a) wrongdoing or trick that a victim can copy in return 那一套你会我也会. give the game away carelessly reveal a secret 不慎泄露秘密; 露马脚. the luck of the game = luck. a mugs game = mug2. the name of the game = name1. (be) ,off ones game unable to play as well as usual 竞技状态不佳; 发挥失常. (be) on the game (sl 俚) involved in prostitution or thieving 卖淫; 行窃. play a cat-and-mouse game with sb = cat1. play the game (a) play according to the rules 按规矩办事; 遵守规则. (b) (fig 比喻) act in a fair or honourable way 办事公道; 光明正大: John only pretends to do his share of the work; hes just not playing the game. 约翰只是装成做他那份工作, 实际上并不真心好好干. play sbs game act so as to further sbs plans intentionally or unintentionally 有意或无意地促进某人 的计画: She didnt realize that by complaining she was only playing Peters game. 她未曾想发牢骚无形中反倒帮了彼得的忙. a waiting game = wait1.# game bird bird that is hunted and killed for food or sport 可捕猎的鸟. =illus at App 1 见附录1插图, page v.gamecock n cock bred for cock-fighting 斗鸡.gamekeeper n man employed to breed and protect game birds on an estate 猎禽看守人（繁殖和保护猎禽者）.game reserve area of land reserved for the breeding and protection of game1(6) 猎物繁殖和保护区.gamesmanship n U art of winning games by upsetting the confidence of ones opponent 比赛中藉挫伤对手自信心以取胜的策略.game-warden n person employed to manage a game reserve （猎物繁殖与保护区的）管理员, 经理人. game 2/ gem; em/ adj (for sth/to do sth) eager and willing to undertake sth risky; brave 跃跃欲试的; 有冒险精神的; 勇敢的: Wholl climb up to get it? Im game (to try). 谁愿意爬上去把它拿下来?我来（试试）. * Hes always game for an adventure. 他一向热衷於冒险. gamely adv: fight, struggle, etc gamely, ie bravely but perhaps unsuccessfully 暴虎冯河地战斗 斗争等（勇敢, 但未必成功）. game 3/ gem; em/ adj (dated infml 旧, 口) lame; crippled (esp in the leg) 残疾的; （尤指）瘸的, 跛的: He is game in the leg/has a game leg. 他腿瘸有一只瘸腿. Cf 参看 gammy.ANCIENT这里的“上古”也就是我们平时所说的“古代”即为ancient，别看这个单词貌似在中国的考试中很少见，但是人家正经在托福考试里面出现了86次呢，这真让无老师怀疑，托福考试是不是个考古考试-_-！belonging to times long past古代的; 远古的: ancient civilizations 古代的文明. （托福考试里几乎只考过这一个意思）(usu joc 通常作戏谑语) very old 极老的: I feel pretty ancient when I see how the younger generation behaves. 看到年轻一代的举止行为, 我觉得我太老了. =Usage at old 用法见old. the ancients n pl people who lived in ancient times, esp the Greeks and Romans （尤指希腊及罗马的）古人.# ,ancient history history of the Greek and Roman civilizations 古代史（希腊及罗马文明史）.,ancient monument (Brit) old building, etc recognized by the Government as worth preserving 古迹 （尤指英国政府认为值得保存的古代建筑物）.PHYSICAL青春对于女孩子而言，往往代表着飘飘的长发，青嫩的面庞。当无老师在海风聊过之际，都是在静静的注视着那些青嫩的面庞，心理不由得想到：二丫掐的我真疼啊。痛的是那么的真实，这一切的疼都发生在无老师的physical body上。，physical这个单词指的就是我们的“身体的”，这个意项是每一位考友几乎都知道的。此时二丫已经翘起了自己的嘴角，开口道：我还知道有“物理的”意思。什么是“物理的”？这个就有学问了。此物理，非彼“物理”physical这个“物理的”并不是单纯的指物理实验里面的物理，而更多的是指“客观存在的”，因此，我们的台灯是物理的，吹拂在吉娃娃身上的风是物理的，就连随风吹走的无老师的100块钱都是物理的-_-！最后请拾到100块钱的童鞋，把钱还我。此钱：不是以HD90作为开