八年级时态用法.doc

八年级时态用法1. 一般现在时的用法一、句子结构 肯定句：主语动词原形/动词第三人称单数其他 I often get up at 6:00 He often gets up at 6:00 否定句：主语dont/doesnt动词原形其他 一般疑问句：Do/Does主语动词原形其他。 肯定回答：Yes， 主语do/does 否定回答：No，主语dont/doesnt. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句语序 二、基本用法（1）表示经常发生的动作或者经常存在的状态。经常和表示时间的状语often，always，usually，sometimes，every day等连用。例如： My sister usually goes to school on foot. 我姐姐经常步行去上学。 We often come to school at six in the morning. 我们经常在早上六点到学校。（2）表示某种习惯或者能力，也可以表示职业、特征等。例如： My mother often gets up very early in the morning. 我的妈妈经常在早上起床很早。 This kind of car runs very fast. 这种小汽车跑得非常快。 （3）表示客观事实、客观规律或者客观真理。例如： This kind of trees never grows in the desert. 这种树从来不在沙漠里生长。 Do you know that knowledge is power? 你知道知识就是力量吗？（4）在时间、条件、让步等状语从句中，表示将来的动作。例如： Theyll be so happy when I tell them. 我告诉他们时，他们会很高兴的。 If you arent here on time tomorrow, Ill write to your parents. 如果你明天不准时到，我就给你父母亲写信。三、练习（一）填空1. We often_(play) in the playgound.2. He _(get) up at six oclock.3. _you _(brush) your teeth every morning.4. What (do) _he usually (do)_ after school?5. Danny _(study) English,Chinese,Maths,Science and Art an school.6. Mike sometimes _(go) to the park with his sister.7. At eight at night, she _(watch) TV with his parents.8. _ Mike_(read) English every day?9. How many lessons_your classmate_(have) on Monday?10. What time_his mother_(do) the housework?（二）改句子1. Do you often play football after school? (肯定回答)_2. I have many books. （改为否定句） _3. Gao Shans sister likes playing table tennis （改为否定句）_4. She lives in a small town near New York. （改为一般疑问句）_5. I watch TV every day. （改为一般疑问句）_6. David has got a goal. （改为一般疑问句）_7. We have four lessons.（否定句）_8. Nancy doesnt run fast （肯定句）_9. My dog runs fast. 否定句：_一般疑问句：_10. Mike has two letters for him.一般疑问句：_否定句：_2. 动词一般过去时的用法：一、句子结构 肯定句：主语动词过去式其他 I often got up at last year 否定句：主语didnt动词原形其他 一般疑问句：Did主语动词原形其他。 肯定回答：Yes， 主语did 否定回答：No，主语didnt. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句语序 二、基本用法（1）表示过去经常发生的动作或者过去经常存在的状态。常与表示过去的时间状语yesterday，just now，a moment ago，last week/ year/ night，in 1985，in those days，when I was at middle school等连用。例如： They went to college last year. 他们是去年上大学。 We had a good time in the park yesterday. 我们昨天在公园玩得很高兴。（2）表示过去接连发生的一系列动作。例如： We played football first，then went boating and fishing,，and at last had a picnic there. 我们先踢足球，然后去划船、钓鱼。最后我们在那里野餐。（3）在时间、条件、让步状语从句中，表示过去将来的动作。 She told me that she would not leave until I came back. 她告诉我我回来她才会离开。注意：（1）表示过去经常或反复的动作，而现在却不这样做了，也可以用used to +动词原形来表示。例如： I used to get up very late. 我过去总是起床很晚。（2）如果主句的谓语动词是现在完成时，since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时。例如： We have made a lot of friends since we came here. 自从我们来到这里以来已经交了很多的朋友。（3）谈论某人的出生日期经常用一般过去时。例如： When were you born? 你是什么时候出生的？ I was born in 1983. 我出生于1983年。三、练习（一 ）选择1 She lived there before he_to China. A. came B. comes C. come D. coming2 I _but_nothing. A . was listened;was hearing B. listened;heard C . have listened; heard D. listened; heard of3 When did you _here? A. got to B. reached C. arrive in D. reach4 I_my homework at 7:00 yesterday evening. A. finished B. would finish C. was finishing D. finish5 -He didnt go shopping with you yesterday afternoon, did he? - _.A. No, he doesnt B. Yes, he didnt C. No, he did D. Yes, he did.6 -I have had supper. - When _you_it? A. have; had B. do, have C. did,have D. will have（二） 填空1 They_(be) on the farm a moment ago.2 There_(be)a shop not long ago.3 Jenny_(not go)to bed until 11:00 oclock last night.4 Danny _(read )English five minutes ago.5 I _(see)Li Lei _(go) out just now.6 He _(do)his homework every day. But he _(not do)it yesterday.7 When I was young, I _(play)games with my friends.8 When _you_(write)this book? I _it last year.9 Did he_(have) lunch at home?10 I _(eat) the bread, I m full now.3. 现在进行时的用法：一、句子结构肯定句：主语+be+v.ing现在分词 He is playing basketball now. 否定句：主语+be not +v.ing现在分词 一般疑问句：Be主语v.ing其他。 肯定回答：Yes， 主语be 否定回答：No，主语bent. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句语序 二、基本用法（1）表示说话的时候正在发生的动作，经常与时间状语now，at present，at this time/ moment等连用。例如： The boys are playing football over there now. 这些男孩子们正在那边踢足球。 My father is watching TV with my mother now. 我的爸爸正在和妈妈一起看电视。（2）表示现阶段正在进行着的动作，但不一定在说话时正在进行。经常与now，these days等时间状语连用。例如： I am learning French in Beijing these days. 这些天我正在北京学法语。（3）一些瞬间动词的现在进行时可以表示一般将来时表示“即将”，常有表示将来的时间状语。常用的这类动词有come，leave，go，arrive，die等。例如： Hurry up! The bus is coming. 快点！公共汽车马上就要开了。 He is coming back tomorrow. 他明天会回来。三、练习 选择填空。( )1. Some are _ in the river and some are _ games.A. swiming, skating B. swimming, skatingC. swimming, skateing ( )2. Look! The boy students are _ football while the girls are _.A. playing, dance B. playing, dancingC. play, dancing D. play, dance( )4. _ he _ on well with his friends this term?A. Dose, gets B. Dose, get C. is, getting D. Is, geting( )5. Mr. Smith _ short stories, but he _ a TV play these days.A. is writing, is writing B. is writing, writes C. writes, is writing D. writes, writes( ) 6. I _ to the cinema. I _ there every Sunday.A. go. go B. am going, go C. go. am going D. am going, am going( )7. Look. they _ a good time, _ they? A. have, do B. have, dont C. are having, are D. are having, arent( )8. You _about the future (将来) now, _you? A. dont think, dont B. arent thinking, arent C. dont think, do D. arent thinking, are( )9. Who _ over there now?A. singing B. are singC. is singing D. sing( )10. Its eight oclock. The students _ an English class. A.have B.having C.is having D.are having( )11 Listen! The baby _ in the next room. A. crying B. cried C. is crying D. cries( )12. Look! The twins _ new sweaters. A. are wearing B. wearing C. are wear D. is wearing( )13. Dont talk here. Grandparents _. A. is sleeping B. are sleeping C. sleeping D. sleep( )14. Tom is a worker. He _ in a factory. His sisters _ in a hospital. A. work/ work B. works/ work C. work/ works( )15. Who _ English best in your class? A. speak B. speaks C. speaking( )16. Mrs Read _ the windows every day. A. is cleaning B. clean C. cleans4. 过去进行时的用法：一、 句子结构 肯定句：主语+were/was+v.ing现在分词 He was playing basketball at this time yesterday. 否定句：主语+ were/was not +v.ing现在分词 一般疑问句：Were/Was主语v.ing其他。 肯定回答：Yes， 主语were/was 否定回答：No，主语werent/wasnt. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句语序 二、基本用法表示说话的过去某个时候或某一阶段正在进行的动作。这一特定时间除了有上下文暗示外，经常和表示过去时间的状语then，a moment ago，at this time yesterday，at ten last night，at that time/ moment等连用。例如：What were you doing at this time yesterday? 昨天这个时候你正在做什么？I was cooking with my mother. 我正和我妈妈一起做饭。三、练习（一）、用动词的适当形式填空。1. I _ (have) my breakfast at half past six yesterday morning.2. Mary _ (go) over her lessons from six to seven last night. John and peter _(do) the same thing.3. What _ you _ (do) at that time? We _ (watch) TV.4. Was your father at home yesterday evening? Yes ,he was. He _ (listen) to the radio.5. They _(not make) a model ship when I saw him.6. _ they _ (have) a meeting at 4 yesterday afternoon?No, they _. They _ (clean) the classroom.7. _ it _(rain) when you left school? Yes, it _. (No, it _)8. What _ your father _ (do) when he was your age?9. One day, Edison _ (wait) for a train to arrive, and suddenly a little boy ran to the track(轨道) to play.10. He asked me if I _ (go) fishing that afternoon.（二）、 选择题。1. I _ cooked a meal when you _ me.a. cooked, were ringing b. was cooking, rangc. was cooking, were ringing d. cooked, rang2. He said he _ to draw a plane on the blackboard at that time.a. tries b. tried c. was trying d. will try3. While she _ TV, she _ a sound outside the room.a. was watching, was hearing b. watched, was hearingc. watched, heard d. was watching, heard4. They _ a football game from 7 to 9 last night.a. were watching b. watch c. watched d. are watching5. What book _ you _ when I _ you at four yesterday afternoon?a. did, read, was seeing b. did, read, sawc. were, reading, saw d. were, reading, was seeing6. It was Friday evening. Mr and Mrs. Green _ ready to fly to England.a. are getting b. get c. were getting d. got7. Lei Feng _ always _ of others when he _ in the army.a. is, thinking, was b. was, thinking, is c. did, think, is d. was, thinking, was5. 一般将来时的用法：一、句子结构：肯定句：1）主语+ will/shall动词原形 其中shall用于第一人称，will用于第二和第三人称。2）主语+be going to动词原形。He will play basketball tomorrow.否定句：1）主语+ will/shall not动词原形 2）主语+be not going to动词原形。一般疑问句：1）Will/Shall+主语动词原形 2）Be+主语+ going to动词原形。二、基本用法：表示将来发生的动作或者存在的状态。常和表示将来的时间状语，如tomorrow，next week/ year/ month，this afternoon/ evening，tonight，in a few days，when he comes等连用。Ill come and help you tomorrow. 我明天来帮助你。He will go to Beijing and see his father next week. 他下个星期去北京看他的爸爸。注意：（1）shall一般和第一人称的代词连用构成shall I或者shall we的一般疑问句，用来询问对方的意图和愿望，征求别人同意等。例如： Shall we go swimming this afternoon? 今天下午我们去游泳好吗？（2）助动词shall引起的一般疑问句征求别人同意时，回答不能用Yes, you shall或者No, you shall not，应该用Yes, please do.或者No, please dont. 例如： Shall I close the window? 我把窗户关上好吗？ No, please dont.不，别关。（3）be going to+动词原形，常用来表示已经决定或安排要做的事，也用于表示必然或很可能发生的事。例如： They are going to finish the work this evening. 他们打算今天晚上完成这项工作。 Its going to snow. 要下雪了。三、练习（一）、单项选择。( ) 1. There _ a meeting tomorrow afternoon. A. will be going to B. will going to beC. is going to be D. will go to be( ) 2. Charlie _ here next month. A. isnt working B. doesnt working C. isnt going to working D. wont work( ) 3. He _ very busy this week, he _free next week. A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be( ) 4. There _ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow A. was B. is going to have C. will have D. is going to be( ) 5. _ you _ free tomorrow? No. I _ free the day after tomorrow. A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be( ) 6. Mother _ me a nice present on my next birthday. A. will gives B. will give C. gives D. give( ) 7. Shall I buy a cup of tea for you? _.（不，不要。） A. No, you wont. B. No, you arent C. No, please dont. D. No, please( ) 8. Where is the morning paper? I _ if for you at once. A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get( ) 9. _ a concert next Saturday? A. There will be B. W