考研英语中的 “似是而非” 词.docx

考研英语中的“似是而非”词一.动词1.admit but no married women wereadmittedeven as a spectator.引申：If a crime wascommitted, society was considered the victim.emittingradiation as it went, condensing into particles and then into atoms of gas.A sketch of the long report by the budget committee wassubmittedto the mayor for approval.This chapter may beomitted.2.affordMore and more people canaffordto buy and use cars because an increasing number of cars are being produced.*It willaffordme great pleasure to have dinner with you.3. attributeFew Americansattributethis solely to such obvious causes as a devalued dollar or the turning of the business cycle.*Politeness is anattributeof a gentleman.4. associateI think it is perhaps the case that some peopleassociatedwith the company have only recently come to realize this.5. appreciateIappreciatedthe opportunity having been given tostudy abroadtwo years ago.6. acknowledgeIacknowledgewith thanks the help of my colleagues in the preparation of this new column.7. accompany8. betrayComputer-education advocates forsake this optimistic notion for a pessimism thatbetraystheir otherwise cheery outlook.9. boundwe areboundto see UFOs sooner or later.10. breedAccording to the author, recent Olympic Games havebredonly false national pride.11. claimAs personal injuryclaimscontinue as before, some courts are beginning to side with defendants.Futuristsclaimthat we must increase the production of literature.The fewer the injuryclaims(report/declaration/proclamation), the better the workmans insurance rate.12. dash13. declineBut increasingly the Japanese are seeing adeclineof the traditional work moral values.I tried very hard to persuade him to join our group but I met with a kinddecline.14. draw15. engageOn the contrary, the total numbersengagedin the textile industry have continued to rise.16. entertainFamilies in frontier settlements used toentertainstrangers to improve their hard life.17. entitleUnless you sign a contract with the insurance company for your goods, you are notentitledto a repayment for the goods damaged in delivery.18. exhaustThe discussion was so prolonged andexhaustingthat the speakers stopped at intervals for refreshments.19. express20. figureI cantfigureout what has happened to the vegetables, for they were freshly picked this morning.21. grantAmericans stopped taking prosperity forgranted.At the age of sixteen the adolescent isgrantedcertain adult right which increases his social status by providing him with more freedom and choices.22. hide* the hide of the deer23. imitateInstead of describing sounds we must make up words thatimitatethem.24. kill25. lean26. meet27. observeIt should beobserved, of course, that no school, vocational or not, is helped by a confusion over its purposes.Others stress safe work practices byobservingrules or regulations28. prescribeThe factory lawprescribesa fine.29. reduceAn invention will not benefit the inventor unless it isreducedto commercial practice.If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results inreducingits cost, Search agentsreducethe need for repeated visits to the databases.30. sweep31. transferThey will appeal to privately funded researchers and clinics not to try to clone humans by body cell nucleartransfer.引申七个表示空白的词barrenadj.(土地)贫瘠的；（植物）不结果的；（人）不能生育的n.荒地bareadj.赤裸的; 空的,缺乏的；仅有的，微小的 e.g.earn a bare living 仅够维持生计vt.使赤裸, 露出 e.g. bare ones heart 表露心迹blankadj. 空白的，没有写字的baldadj.秃顶的vacantadj.职位空缺的，未被占用的opening hollowadj.中空的marginn. 页边的空白32. transformI suggesttransformingour social system from a bureaucratically managed industrialism into a humanist industrialism.33. touch34. uphold35. yieldDrivers should be ready toyieldto each other.*investmentsyielding10per cent生息10%的投资*a goodyieldof wheat36adoptv.采用/纳，通过；收养（97/4）Levin softened his tone andadoptedsome new policy. 已婚妇女都不准进入，甚至做旁观者都不行。引申：optvi. 选择optionn .选项, 选择权optionala.可以任选的，非强制的optimize/ optimise v. 使优化37. advancev. 提前；前进，进展；提前；提出（建议）n. 前进，进展；预付/支38. answerv./n.回答引申：answer for 负责，保证 成answer to符/适合39. allow v.允/准许引申： allow for 考虑到40. attackv. n.攻击，进攻；着手，开始n.（病）发作*He attacked the difficulties at once.他立即着手处理难题。*At the piano, his attack was full of life. 他弹奏钢琴时，一开始便充满活力。* a heart attack心脏病的发作41. commitv.犯（错误），干（坏事）；把交付给，提交（91/4）If a crime wascommitted, society was considered the victim. 如果有人犯了罪，人们认为社会是受害者。42. calculatev.计/推算；计划，打算43. abusev./n.滥用；虐待；谩骂（97/7）The phrase “substanceabuse” is often used instead of “drugabuse”. “物品滥用”一词取代了“毒品滥用”。44. causev. 引起，使产生n. 原因；奋斗目的45. deliverv.交付，递送；发表，表达；释放；接生（99/6）PointCast Network usesa screen savertodelivera continuallyupdated streamof news and advertisements.PointCast网络公司使用屏幕保护系统不断地传送最新的信息和广告。46. dispatchv.派/调遣，发送n.（公文）急件，快信；新闻报道*todispatcha cruiser to the island to restore order派一巡洋舰至该岛一恢复秩序47. drinkv. 喝n.饮料（=beverage）48. meanv. 意指；意欲，打算n.平均数adj.平均的；卑鄙的；吝啬的49. reachv.达到；伸手，够到（out）n.能达到的范围50. treat v.对待；处理；治疗；论述，探讨；款待，请客n.款待，请客51. wantv.想要，希望；需要；短缺，缺少n.短缺，缺少；必需品*be wanting（仅用于进行时中，主语为物，而非人） e.g. A few pages of this book are wanting. 这本书少了几页。*be wanting in sth. （仅用于进行时中，主语为人，而非物）e.g. He is wanting incourtesy. 他缺乏礼貌。*The plants died fromwantof water. 这些植物因缺水而死。52. weighv.称重量；考虑，权衡（02年完形）“Benefits” have beenweighedagainst(above/upon/with) “harmful” outcomes人们把“收益”与“不良”后果权衡了一番。* weigh sth.againststh. ; sth is weighed against sth. 把与权衡* weigh with sb. 对有重大影响e.g. the point that weighs with me 对我有重大关系之处53. withdrawv.收回，撤消；缩回，退出；提取（钱）（00/4）TV industry hadwithdrawnto its domestic market. 电视工业已经撤回本国市场。54. winv./n.获胜，赢v.借努力达到55. submit班vi.（to）屈服，使服从vt. 呈送，提交（95/2）A sketch of the long report by the budget committee wassubmittedto the mayor for approval.预算委员会的长篇报告的梗概已提交市长批示。56. studyv.学习，研究n.学习，书房57. suitv.合适，适合；相配，适应n.一套西服；诉讼58. suspendv.吊，悬挂；推迟，暂停（87/1）After an uninterrupted history of almost 1200 years, the Games weresuspendedby the Romans in 394 A.D. 在不间断地进行了大约1200年之后，公元394年，罗马人终止了奥运会。59. tastev.品尝n.滋味；品位e.g. 有品位的人 a man of taste;distasten. 厌恶，反感二.形容词1.acute尖的； ；Acuteforeign observers related American adaptiveness and inventiveness to this educational advantage.2.alive活着的； Companies with low accident rates plan their safety programs, work hard to organize them, and continue working to keep themalive(vivid/mobile/diverse) and active.3.annualadj.每年的n.Holidays will get longer; six weeks will be the normalannualholiday.4.bold勇敢的，大无畏的 ；5.blue蓝色的；6.blindadj.瞎的；v.使失明；n.7.crazy 疯狂的；8.crude粗鲁的； says that much “re-engineering” has beencrude.9.critical批评的，评论的；In other words, a good reader is acriticalreader.Is language, like food, a basic human need without which a child at acriticalperiod of life can be starved and damaged?10.soft软的 ；11.sour酸的 ；引申：asorethroatsoarlike an eagle;Pricesoaredwhen war broke out.12.strange奇怪的 ；13.strong强大的 ；14.wholesome；*wholesomefood/plexadj.复杂的n.情结；联合体（93/7）thecomplexsystem which enables a child to connect the sight and feel of, say, a toy bear with the sound pattern “toy bear”. 让孩子把看到、摸到的玩具熊与“玩具熊”的读音联系起来的复杂体系。* a buildingcomplex建筑群16.confidential秘密的；推心置腹的，可信任的（85/2）What I am telling you is strictlyconfidential. Dont let anyone know of it. 我要告诉你的事极度机密。别让任何其他人知道。17.fine 身体好 ；天气好 ；罚款；细微的，微小的（93/12）Ted has told me that he always escapes to befinedas he has got a very fast sports car. Ted告诉我说，因为他有一辆跑得特快的赛车，他经常逃脱罚款。（93/12） and the operations of a chemist in performing a difficult and complex analysis by means of his balance andfinelygraded weights. 化学家借助他的天平和刻度精细的秤来完成困难复杂的分析过程。*There is a fine distinction between your normal dream and ambition. 你的正常梦想和雄心壮志之间的差别很微小。18.handsome 英俊的；慷慨的，数量可观的* $ 500 is quite ahandsomebirthday present. 五百美元是相当大方的生日礼物。19.inferioradj. 差/次的；下等/级的n.下级，晚辈（90/5）This leads some “nature” proponents to conclude that blacks are biologicallyinferiorto whites. 这导致支持“先天论”的人得出这样的结论：黑人从生物学的角度上看劣于白种人。20.raw 天然的，未经开发的 raw material；生的，未煮过的 eat sth. raw(94/2)Computers keep track of goods instock, ofrawmaterials on hand, and even of the production process itself. 电脑会记录现有货物的数量、原材料，甚至生产过程本身。21.respective 各自的，各个的（98/4）Among states, Nevada and Arizona grew fastest of all: 63.5 and 53.1 percent respectively. 从各州的统计看，内华达州和亚利桑拿州增长最快：分别是63.5%和53.1%。22.secureadj.安全的，可靠的v.得到，获得23.uprightadj. 垂直的，直立的；正直的，诚实的adv. 竖立着24.weakadj. 虚弱的；稀的，淡薄的25.betteradj. adv. 较好的v.改良，改善*better ones life26.concreteadj.具体的n.混凝土反义词：abstractadj.抽象的n.摘要27. constant（考6次） adj. 经常的，不断的；坚定的，永恒的n.常数，恒量（99/6） theres going to be aconstantracial conflict in the world.28.diplomaticadj. 外交的，从事外交的；策略的，有手腕的29.falseadj. 错的；伪造的30.firmadj. 坚固的；坚决的，坚定的n.公司，商号=company, corporation31.lateadj. 迟到的；已逝的32.lotn. 许多；抽签(draw lots)33.royaladj. 王室的，皇家的；第一流的，高贵的34.superioradj.较高的, 上级的, 上好的, 出众的, 高傲的n.长者；上司，老板（91/2）This watch issuperiorto all the other watches on the market.35.thirstyadj. 口渴的；（for）渴/热望的三.名词1. article文章,论文； ； schooling andrigorousbook learning put unnaturalrestraintson children2. backn.背面，后面v.后退；adj.后面的adv.在/向后；回，回复；以前3. band；4. board 木板；5. capsule 胶囊； 6. capacity 能量/力； 接受力；As time went by, computers became smaller and more powerful and they became “personal” too, as well asinstitutional(instrumental/fundamental/universal), withdisplaybecoming sharper and storagecapacity(ability/capability/faculty) increasing.instituten. 学会，协会；学院vt. 创立，设立institution n.substitute n. 代替人/物vt、vi （for）代替，替换substitutionn. 代用品，代替物constitutevt 组/构成constitutionn. 构成/造；组成方式，成分；体质/格；宪法，章程ability：指“天生的能力”和“后天获得的技能” e.g. childrens ability to learncapability：常指体力上、智力上、道德法律上有能力或有某一特殊才能capacity ：承受力，容纳力faculty：才能；全体教员；（大学的）系、科7. capitaln. 首都/府；adj.；引申：capitalizevt. 用大写书写；核定的资本额，估价8. collar 衣领；9. column 圆柱，柱状物；引申：三角形；矩形；菱形10. contentn.内容； （pl.复数）adj.；84% of their group were married and seemedcontentwith their lives.引申：不满，使不满n. vt.content ；不满的adj.11. convention 国际大会；The Europeanconventionon Human Rights laid down that everybody was entitled to privacy.It takes more than a brief encounter on a bus to distinguish between courteousconvention and individual interest.引申八个表示会议的词：meeting口语中常用conference 一般性的会议convention 国际大会congress代表大会；（美国等国的）国会，议会summit峰会seminar课堂讨论会symposiumforum论坛12. creditn./v.信用/任n. 信用贷款； ；引申：信用卡；可信的；修学分；学时The Portuguese give great deal ofcreditto one man who lived in the 15thcentury.13. currentadj. 当前的，现在的； n.；Thecurrentpassion for making children compete against their classmates or against the clock produces a two layer system.This cold aircurrentfrom the land is so forceful that it makes the nearby seas the stormiest in the world.14. edgen. 边/棱； ；v.15. field 田，田野； 运动场；（电、磁等）场 引申：田径运动；径赛诸项目track event；田赛诸项目 field event16. film 电影； ；17fortune 财产/富； 引申：算命先生；不幸18. gayn.同性恋adj. 快乐的，愉快的； 19. goal 目的/标； ；20. industry 工/产业； 引申：industrious= hardworking, diligent,assiduousBut oneinsidiousform continues to thrive: alphabetism.21. issuev.流/放出；发行/表，颁布n.发行（物），（报刊）期号； 问题，争论点，争端One hundred and thirteen million Americans have at least one bank-issuedcredit card.The pollution question as well as several otherissuesis going to be discussed when the Congress is in session again next spring.22mediumadj.中等的，适中的n.中间，适中；Because of its intimacy, radio is usually more than just amedium.23. minuten.分，分钟；如：等一会just a minuteadj.The leaf surface is notsolidbut contains great numbers ofminuteopenings, through which the carbon dioxide enters.24. noveln.(长篇)小说adj.When anovelliterary idea appears, people should try to ignore its flaws.25. presentn.礼物，赠品；现在，目前如：现在 at presentadj.现在的，目前的；出席的，到场的v. 赠送； ；The manager was very polite, but he explained that someone with exactly the same name hadpresentedthem with a worthless check not long ago.26. pooln. 水池，游泳池； v.*Theypooledtheir savings and bought a used car.27. property 财/资产，所有物； A thorough study of biology requires familiarity with thepropertiesof trees and plants, and the habit of birds and ellectual property28. recipe 食谱，烹饪法； * therecipeof marriage* the certificate of marriage29. resumen.简历v.； 重新占用，再用 ；恢复如：恢复工作resumeones work继续一故事resumea story30. scale刻/标度；音阶；鱼鳞 a warmingon thescalethat will possibly take place in the next fifty years from the burning of fuels.引申:大规模地 on ascale小规模地 on ascale31. shieldn.盾，盾状物；v.* Dark glasses serve toshieldeyes from theglareof the sun.32. soundn.声音/响v.发声，响；听起来adj.；* safe andsound33. tipn.小费；v.给小费Instead, the best strategy is to use the agent as a kind oftip servicetokeep abreast of jobs in a particular database.34. toast烤面包，吐司；For that, Greenspan & Co. may still be worthtoasting.35. tracen.痕/踪迹；vt.Since carbon dioxide is presented in the air only intracequantitiesRavitchs latest book,Left Back: A Century of Failed School Reforms,tracesthe roots of anti-intellectualism in our schools, concluding they are anything but a counterbalance to the American distaste for intellectual pursuits.36. trainn.列/火车；vt.37. uniformn.制/军服adj.38accent腔调,口音；重音(符号)39atmosphere 大气层，空气；大气压（压力单位）；氛围,气氛40. climate 气候；风气,社会思潮(95/10)The current politicalclimateof our country is favorable for foreign investments. 我国目前的政治气候有利于外国投资。(86/10)When work is well done, aclimate(regulation/requirement/circumstance) of accident-free operations is established where time lost due to injuries is kept at a minimum. 安全规划实施得好，一种无事故的工作氛围就会建立起来，于是，因工伤损失的时间保持在最低的限度。41. company 公司；陪伴；宾客，客人；一群/伙（02年完形）As was discussed before, it was not until the 19thcentury that the newspaper became thedominantpre-electronic medium, following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the company(process/light/form) of the periodical. 正如以前所讨论的那样，直到十九世纪，继小册子和书本之后，报纸才与期刊一起，成为电子时代之前最重要的媒体。42. countern.柜台；计数器adj./adv.相反的v.反对/击(92/2) If this is right, the warming effect o