新目标八年级英语下册第4单元学案.doc

Unit 4 He said I was hard-working第一课时 直接引语和间接引语一、概念：1、直接引语：在语言运用中，直接引用别人的原话，被引用的部分就称为直接引语，需要放在引号内。2、间接引语：在语言运用中，用自己的话转述别人的讲话意思，被转述的部分就成为间接引语。二、直接引语转化成好间接引语的方法：（一）当直接引语是陈述句时：1、人称的变化：第一人称、第二人称第三人称2、时态的变化：直接引语中 间接引语中一般现在式 一般过去式 现在进行式 过去进行式 一般将来式 过去将来式 注：当直接引语谈论的是客观真理和现在事实时，时态不变。3、含有间接引语的句子的基本结构：主语+said （to sb）/told sb (that) +间接引语（主语+谓语+）。 Eg: He said“Light travels much faster than sound.” He said that light travels much faster than sound. His mother said to me ,”He is a good boy.” His mother told me he is a good boy.4、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化。见教材P100-101（二）当直接引语是一般疑问句时： 人称和时态变化同上，基本结构如下：主语+asked (sb) +if/whether（是否）+间接引语（主语+谓语） Eg: Can I borrow money from you? She asked me if/ whether she could borrow money from me. Are we friends? Jim asked Mary if they were friends（三）直接引语是特殊疑问句时, 人称和时态变化同上，基本结构如下：主语+asked (sb) +特殊疑问词 +主语+谓语+。Eg: When and where shall we meet? He asked her when and where they should meet.（四）直接引语如果是祈使句，要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式，并在不定式的前面根据句子的意思加上tell, ask, order等动词，其句型是：tell/ask/order sb (not) to do sth “Dont smoke in the room,”he said to me. He told me not to smoke in the room.【智能靶场】 ：语法专练：一、将下列直接引语变为间接引语。1. “I am very happy to visit your factory,” she said. _ 2. “I dont know where Tom lives,” Jack said. _ 3. “We will go to the beach tomorrow,” Mr Li told me. _ 4.“They are having lunch at home,”Anne said. _ 5. “The children can swim in the river,” the teacher said. _ 6. “I can speak English well,” Kate said. _ 7. “Lily and Lucy are going to Beijing next week,” Peter told me. _ 8. “We are listening to the teacher,” he said. _ 9. “I want to go there with you,” Rose said. _ 10. “Miss Gao will call you tomorrow,” I told Jim. _ 二、把下列句子从间接引语变为直接引语1. Alan said he was not lucky enough. _ 2. Scott said his sister wasnt a college student. _ 3. Dennis said Mary wouldnt come because she was ill. _4. He said Lana wasnt hard-working. _ 5. She said her parents werent going to the party with her. _【教、学后反思】_第二课时【学习内容】p 26 1a -p27 Grammar Focus【学习目标】1.have a surprise party for sb _2.mad adj.生气的，气愤的 ,-madder-maddest, be/get mad at sb=be /get angry with sb 对某人生气，be/get mad about sth/doing sth =be angry about sth 对某事生气 go mad with 因而生气 3.anymore adv.不再 （常位于句末），notanymore= notany more=no more (数量不再增加，多与瞬时动词连用，常位于句子，助动词be动词 情态动词之后，实义动词之前，有时放在句末。) not.any longer =no longer（时间不再延长，多与延续性动词连用）eg:You wont see him anymore. = 4.direct speech 直接引语 reported speech 间接引语have a speech contest 进行一次演讲赛【练习】（ ）1、I am going to have a _ party next week. A .surprise B. surprised C. surprising （ ）2、I will have a trip _ Sunday morning. A . in B. at C.for D. on （ ）3、Marcia said she _ go to the cinema next week. A. will B. would C. could D. can（ ）4、Our teacher said the earth _ around the sun. A .went B.go C. goes D. is going （ ）5、Please pass this book _her . A . at B. on C. to D.for6、Ben is going to have a _（惊奇的）party for Lana。7、Lana is _（气愤的）at Marcia.【教、学后反思】_第三课时【学习内容】p28 3a-p29 2c【学习目标】1、first of all = firstly = at first首先 at last 最后2、message (可数) ， a message 一条消息information a piece of information 一条信息 （不可数名词） news a piece of news 一条新闻give a message to sb _ receive a message from sb_send a message to sb _leave a message_3、pass on sth to sb 把某物传递给某人，向某人转告某事 pass sth to sb =pass sb sth 把某物递给某人 pass the exam_4、suppose v.假设，认为，期望 suppose sb to do sth_ be (not) supposed to do sth =should (not) do sth _5、hard-working adj 勤奋的，努力工作的 work hard （动词短语）努力工作 hard work （名词短语）艰苦的工作eg:She is a hard-working girl. eg:He works very hard. 6、do well in.=be good at擅长于 do badly in/be weak/poor in/be bad at在方面薄弱二、短语目标 1、an exciting week 激动人心的一周2、do a homework project 做功课3、pass on the message 转告消息4、be better at doing than doing 比做更擅长于做【练习】1、My sister isnt in .But I can give the _ （消息）to her.2、_（首先），you must finish your homework.3、Could you _（传递）this book to Bens father.（ ）4、Im _ at English，but I want to do _ in it.A. good, well B. better , well C. good , better D. good , good（ ）5、Lily does best in the subjects in her class because she is a _ girl. A . helpful B .polite C. hard-working D.nice （ ）6、We are supposed _ there before .So w must hurry up. A. get B. to get C. getting D. not to get 【教、学后反思】_第四课时【学习内容】p30 3a-selfcheck【学习目标】一、词汇目标1、stay/be/keep in good health=keep/stay/be healthy =stay/keep fit保持健康 注意：吃得健康 eat healthily2、nervous adj.紧张的,be/get nervous 变得紧张，Dont be nervous别紧张3、envelope n. 信封，an envelope 一只信封4、semester = term n.学期5、true adj 真实的 truly adv. truth .n 事实，真相 eg: tell the truth 说出真相, come true 实现6、disappoint vt使 失望，sth disappoint sb , 某事使某人失望 disappointing adj. 令人失望的， disappointed 感到失望的，be disappointed at/about sth 对感到失望 be disappointed to do sth 失望地做某事7、lucky adj 幸运的=fortunate adj. luckily adv. = fortunately adv. luck .n unlucky= unfortunate unluckily不幸的=unfortunately8、copy v eg:Dont copy others homework. n 复制品 eg: Is this book the original or a copy?9、own adj 自己的ones own sth 某人自己的eg: This book is my own.=This is my own book.= I own this book.vt 拥有=have owner .n 物主，拥有者10、get over 克服 eg: get over it /them ,get over every problem.克服困难二、短语目标：1、hope to do sth /that+ 句子,I hope so. 我希望如此。I hope not. 我不希望如此。wish to do sth, wish sb to do sth, wish that + 句子2、be sorry to do 很抱歉做某事 3、have /get /catch a cold 患感冒4、finish sth/finish doing 做完某事5、end-of-year exams=final exams 期末考试6、have a hard time with sth./doing sth 在某方面感到很困难have a hard time with sb. 和某人关系处得非常不好7、be surprised to do sth 8、find+宾语+adj ,发现怎么样，find+it +adj+ to do sth发现做怎么样9、send ones love to sb 向某人问好10、copy ones homework 抄作业11、start a bad habit 酿就一个坏习惯12、be sure of sth /be sure to do sth /be sure that +句子13、get over it 克服它14、have a big fight with 和大吵一架15、report card 成绩单16、tell the truth 说出真相17、pass on a message 转告一个消息【练习】1、Its a bad habit to _（抄袭） others homework.2、_ （luck）, everyone passed the English test.3、I dont its good to copy others homework. You should _ it . A. get over B. get in C. get up D. get off 4、It rained most of the time we were in England ,which was pretty _.(disappoint)5、I am always _ to speak in front of the class. A. disappointing B. nervous C. surprises D. scary 【教、学后反思】_第五课时【学习内容】p32 Reading 【学习目标】一、词汇目标1、poor adj. 贫困的，贫穷的， rich adaj. 富有的 the poor=the poor people , the rich=the rich people （做主语谓语动词用复数）2、village n. 村庄 villager 村民 countryside 乡村3、graduate .n （大学）毕业生 . graduation毕业 afiy以后ter graduationv 毕业 graduate from.4、volunteer n 志愿者 volunteer work 志愿工作 v. volunteer to do 自愿干Eg: I volunteered to teach in village as a volunteer.5、rural adj =country 乡下的6、meter n. 米 100 meters walk 步行 7、thin 稀薄的；瘦的 thinnerthinnest thick 厚的 8、eatate-eaten 9、decision decide make a decision to do sth = decide to do sth =make up ones mind to do sth决定干某事10、husband wife .（pl） wives 11、 primary school 小学 middle school 中学 senior high school 高中 12、 start /begin to do sth/ doing sthat the start / beginning of 在的开端 start with=begin with 以开始13、influence. n/vt 影响 have an influence on 对有影响 under the influence of 在.的影响下 v influence sb / sth14、return to sp 返回=come/go/get /be back to sp 回到某地 归还return sth to sb =give sth back to sb 把某物归还给某人15、care for 照料；照顾=take care of =look after care about 在乎；在意16、danger n. in danger 陷入困境out of danger 摆脱困境 adj dangerous 二、短语目标1、 change ones life 改变某人的一生2、in a poor mountain village 在贫穷的山村3、sound like fun to you 对你来说听起来像是一种乐趣4、open up 打开，开拓5、on a one-year program 参加为期一年的教育援助计划 6、make sb do sth made 7、be started by 由发起8、send sb to do sth派某人去干某事 9、feel sick 感到恶心10、2000 meters above sea level 海拔2000米11、thin air稀薄的空气12、agree with sb , agree to do sth 同意干某事 13、bothand. 和 都neither nor. 和都不14、live in school dormitories住在学校宿舍15、be able to do sth 能做某事16、open up my studentseyes to the outside world开拓我的学生们面向外面世界的视野17、in life 在生活中，in ones life在某人的一生中life （pl）lives /laivz/18、enjoy the time as a volunteer 非常喜欢当志愿者的那段时光19、 be over 结束 =finish 20、work as +职业 干什么工作21、the city of Pingliang = Pingliang City 平凉市 【练习】（ ）1. What _ the teacher _? He said he wouldnt teach us next year. A. did; say B. did; teach C. would; sayD. would; teach（ ）2. They didnt think there _ a snake in the room. A. be B. was C. has D. had （ ）3. Teacher told us that we should_ our homework_ school tomorrow. A. take; to B. bring; to C. take; with D. bring; with （ ）4. My sister _. A.is good at singing B. is well in singingC. is good at sing D. do well in singing （ ）5. Grandparents told us they were _. A. keep healthy B. in good health C. in good healthy D. did exercise（ ）6. Our Chinese teacher said we did _ than Class 2. A. good B. well C. better D. hard-working（ ）7. The teacher said I could do better _ English. A. on B. in C. at D. for（ ）8. Its not far. Its only five _ walk. A. minutes B. minutes C. minutes D. minutess（ ）9.We can _books_ the library on Friday.A.borrow; in B.lend; in C. borrow ;from D. lend ;from（ ）10.My aunt told me _others when they are in trouble.A .not to laugh at B.dont laugh at C.not laugh at D.never laugh at（ ）11.Dont leave the classroom _you finish your homework.A.until B.since C.if D as（ ）12.When is the plane taking _?A.Of B.off C.out D.away（ ）13.Jim sat next _me _ the doctors.A.with ;at B.to; at C.at; to D.from; in（ ）14.There is a bird _ the tree?A.in B. on C.to D.at （ ）15.I couldnt see Dave _.A.somewhere B.nowhere C.anywhere D.where（ ）16.The policeman followed the man _what he could do. A.see B.to see C.seeing D.saw( ) 17. I am always _ to speak in the front of the classroom. A. disappointing B. scared C. surprised D. nervous ( ) 18、Could you _me how to _it in Chinese A. say, speak B. speak , say C. tell , say D. say, tell ( ) 19、My sister wont work for him _. She wants to change a job. A. no more B.some more C.any more D. much more ( ) 20、The old lady wouldnt like to tell us _. A. how old she is B. how old is she C. how old she was D.how old was she 【教、学后反思】_一、完成句子对我们来说，乡村生活是一种新的体验。Life _ the village is a new _ us.同学之间要互相关心，互相帮助。Classmates should _ and help each other.各种各样的书籍能开阔我们的眼界。All kinds of books can _ our eyes _ the outside world.这座建筑物和那座之间几乎没有不同之处。There is almost no _ this building _ that one.他们发现自己的处境很危险。They found that they were _.（6） on“Young Lives”last night? 昨晚的年轻人的生活又发生了什么?（7） ,Marica told Ben she was having a surprise party for lana.首先，马西娅告诉本她将为拉娜举办一个惊喜聚会。（8） the message,and then give Cs answer to A.传递这一信息，并把C的答复告诉A.1.That building is more than 100 _(meter) high.2.We arrived late and missed the _(start) of the movie.3.I wanted to know her _(decide), but she said nothing.4.Lots of young people dont have their _(own) houses.5.Children cant go to school in some poor _(area).用适当的介词填空。 1. My cousin is good _ listening