倒装句的讲解(基础篇).doc

倒装句讲解与练习 一、高考如何考查倒装句倒装每年高考都有体现，是考纲所要求掌握的考点。倒装在高考中有两种考法：1. 放在单项选择题中，考查考生的倒装语法知识是否熟练掌握； 2. 放在完形填空和阅读理解中，设置理解障碍。二、倒装句相关的定义英语的基本句型是主语 + 谓语。如果将主语与谓语调换, 称倒装句。倒装句有两种形式：1. 完全倒装：即将整个谓语动词提到主语前。2. 部分倒装：即半倒装，将谓语的一部分（即be动词，have /has助动词或是情态动词，若没前面这些则要将句子隐藏的do、did、does助动词）提到主语前。做倒装句题目的关键：记住倒装的条件。三、倒装句的具体条件一、完全倒装: 即将整个谓语动词提到主语前。全倒装有以下三种情况:1、当here, there, out, in, up, down,away,off等副词放在句首时,且主语为名词， 句子需全倒装:There goes the bell! 铃响了！ There lived an old man. 那里住着一位老人。 注意:主语如果是代词则不需倒装。如：Away he went. 他走远了。2、表地点的方位状语放在在句首, 句子要全部倒装。如:In front of the house stopped a police car.Nearby were two canoes in which they had come to the island.Under the tree sat a boy.3、主语太长，表语太短，为了平衡句子结构的需要,将表语提前，需要将句子完全倒装。如:Present at the party were Mr Green and many other guests. 出席晚会的有格林先生，还有一些别的宾客。Seated on the ground are a group of young men. 坐在地上的是一群年轻人。二、部分倒装: 即将谓语的一部分提到主语前。部分倒装有以下种情况:1、否定意义的词（如little, never, not, no, hardly, rarely,seldom,few, not until, nowhere, at no time, by no means, in no way, not until+句子, rarely/hardly / scarcely（when）, no sooner(than)，not only(but also), neithernor等）放在句首, 句子要半倒装。如:Never shall I forget you. 我不会忘记你。At no time was the man aware of what was happening. 那个人绝不会意识到发生了什么事。Little did I understand what he said to me at that time. 那时我几乎不能理解他所说的话。He is active in personality, and he seldom stays indoors.He is active in personality, and seldom does he stay indoors. The villagers did not realize how serious the pollution was until all the fish died in the river. Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was. 注意：not until提前时，必须将until后面的状语从句全部提前，而不仅仅是not until这两个词，这个结构是引起主句的部分倒装。Not only is she a good singer, but also she is a good dancer.注意：not onlybut also连接两个并列句, 连词在句首, 前句半倒装, 后句不倒装。若连接两个并列主语时不需倒装, 如:Not only you but also I like playing chess.No sooner had I got to the bus stop than the bus started.Hardly had thegame begun when it started rainning注意：Hardly/Scarecely/Rarelywhen（一就）, No soonerthan（一就）连接两个并列句, 连词在句首, 前句半倒装, 后句不倒装。Neither do I have a sister nor does my husband.注意：neithernor连接两个并列句, 连词在句首时, 前后两句都需倒装,若连接两个并列主语时不需倒装, 如:Neither I nor he is from Zhejiang.2、only+状语置于句首, 主句要部分倒装:Only then did I realize that I was wrong.Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get back to work.注意: only强调主语不倒装。如：Only socialism can save China. 只有社会主义才能救中国。3、so/suchthat句型, so/such的部分置于句首时, 主句要部分倒装, that从句不倒装:So easy is it that a clild can learn it.So hard did he work that he finally won the fame. Such a clever boy was Jack that he was able to work out all these difficult problems.4. 在虚拟语气if条件句中，if引导的从句谓语中有助动词were, had, should时，可将if 省略，而把 were, had, should 移到句首。如：Were I you, I wouldnt do that. 如果我是你，我就不会那样做。 Had I been informed earlier, I could have done something.注意：若从句是否定句，则必须将 not放在主语后。如：If I hadnt been informed earlier, I could have been punished.Had I not been informed earlier, I could have been punished. had必须是助动词。如：If I had money, I would buy the coat.三、特殊倒装: 即语序不是主语+谓语的语序，但又不是全部倒装也不是部分倒装。as/（though）引导的让步状语从句中，从句后面的名词形容词副词动词分词要调到句首，构成倒装，若是名词，其名词前不加任何冠词，其句子结构为：名词形容词副词动词分词+asthough+主语+其他(as引导让步状语从句必需倒装而though引导让步状语从句可以倒装也可以不倒装)1)Proud as they are, they are afraid to see us.2)Child as he is, he knows a lot. (Though he is a child, he knows a lot.)3) Try hard as they would, they could not lift the box.四、属于倒装，但可以按原先的记忆解题，无需用倒装的知识。（1）there be 句型There are so many students on the playground.（2）疑问句的句式Have you finished painting.（3）a. so+助/be动词/情+主（用于肯定句陈述之后，表示前句所说的情况适合于另一个人或物）You can answer the question, so can anybody elseb. neither/nor+助/be动词/情+主（用于否定句陈述之后，表示前句所说的情况适合于另一个人或物）She couldnt work out the answer, nor could I.c. so it is/was with sb. （用于前面有两个或两个以上句子，既有肯定也有否定，助/be动词/情无法统一时，表示前句所说的情况适合于另一个人或物）Tom studies very hard and is never late for school. So it is with Dick.d. so+主+助/be动词/情（表示对前面句子的再次强调）-John did well in the physics exam. -So he did.高考真题探究（20052013）1、【13湖南】Not once _ to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class. A. occurred it B. it did occur C. it occurred D. did it occur2、【13江西】Only when he apologizes for his rudeness _to him again. A. I will speak B. will I speak C. do I speak D. I speak 3、【13辽宁】At no time_ the rules of the game. It was unfair to punish them. A. they actually broke B. do they actually break C. did they actually break D. they had actually broken 4、【13新课标】Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent_ properly in this hospital. A. can be the patients B. can the patients be treated C. the patients can be treated D. treated can be the patients 5、【13江苏】“Never for a second ,” the boy says, “ _ that my father would come to my rescue.” A. I doubted B. do I doubt C. I have doubted D. did I doubt 6、【13福建】Not until he went through real hardship _the love we have for our families is important.A. had he realizedB. did he realize C. he realized D. he had realized7、【12江西】Never before seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert. Ahad she Bshe had Chas she Dshe has8、【12山东】 I dont know about you, but Im sick and tired of this weather. _. I cant stand all this rain.A. I dont care B. Its hard to say C. So am I D. I hope not9、【12浙江】Had they known what was coming next, they_second thoughts. A. may have B. could have C. must have had D. might have had10、【12重庆】The headmaster will not permit the change in the course, nor_ it a thought.A. does he even given B. he even gives C. will he even give D. he will even give11、【12辽宁】Not until he retired from teaching three years ago having a holiday abroad. A. he had considered B. had he considered C. he considered D. did he consider12、【12四川】This is not my story, nor _ the whole story. My story plays out differently.A. is there B. there is C. is it D. it is13、【12天津】Only after Mary read her composition the second time_ the spelling mistake. A. did she notice B. she noticed C. does she notice D. she has noticed14、【11全国】Only when he reached the tea-house _it was the same place hed been in last year. A. he realized B. he did realize C. realized he D. did he realize15、【11福建】Its nice. Never before_ such a special drink! Im glad you like it. A.I have had B. I had C. have I had D. had I16、【11湖南】Only after they had discussed the matter for a few hours _a decision A. they reached B. did they reach C. they reach D. do they reach17、【10江苏】Is everyone here? Not yet. Look , there_ the rest of our guests!A. come B. comes C. is coming D. are coming18、【10四川】We laugh at jokes, but seldom about how they work. A. we think B. think we C. we do think D. do we think 19、【10陕西】John opened the door . There _ he had never seen before. A. a girl did stand B. a girl stood C. did a girl stand D. stood a girl20、【10江西】Not until he left his home _ to know how important the family was for him.A did he begin B had he begun C he began D he had begun21、【10重庆】At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River_, one of the ten largest cities in China.A. lies Chongqing B. Chongqing lies C. does lie Chongqing D. does Chongqing lie 22、【09安徽】 a certain doubt among the people as to the practical value of the project.A. It has B. They have C. It remains D. There remains23、【09福建】For a moment nothing happened.Then all shouting together. A. voices had come B. came voices C. voices would come D. did voices come24、【09海南】The computer was used in teaching. As a result, not only _, but students became more interested in the lessons.A. saved was teachers energy B. was teachers energy savedC. teachers energy was saved D. was saved teachers energy25、【09山东】So sudden _that the enemy had no time to escape. A. did the attack B. the attack did C. was the attack D. the attack was 26、【09陕西】Little about her own safety, though she was in great danger herself.A. did Rose care B. Rose did care C. Rose does care D. does Rose care 27、【09四川】Not until I came home last night _ to bed. A. Mum did go B. did Mum go C. went Mum D. Mum went 28、【09重庆】Unsatisfied _with the payment, he took the job just to get some work experience.A. though was he B. though he was C. he was though D. was he though 29、【08江西】It was announced that only when the fire was under control to return to their homes.A. the residents would be permitted B. had the residents been permittedC. would the residents be permitted D. the residents had been permitted30、【08重庆】Only when I left my parents for Italy how much I loved them.A.I realizedB.I had realizedC.had I realizedD.did I realize31、【08江苏】 you eat the correct foods be able to keep fit and stay healthy.A.Only if;will you B.Only if;you will C.Unless;will you D.Unless;you will32、【08辽宁】Bill wasnt happy about the delay of the report by Jason, and _.A. I was neither B. neither was I C. I was eitherD. either was I33、【07全国】If Joes wife wont go to the party, A.he will either B.neither will he C.he neither will D.either he will34、【07上海】How was the televised debate last night?Super!Rarelyso much media attention.A.a debate attracted B.did a debate attract C.a debate did attract D.attracted a debate35、【07安徽】Littlethat we were watching his every move, so he seemed to be going his own way in this business.A.he realized B.he didnt realize C.didnt he realize D.did he realize36、【07陕西】that Marie was able to set up new branches elsewhere.A.So successful her business was B.So successful was her businessC.So her business was successful D.So was her successful business37、【07辽宁】I have been living in the United States for twenty years, but seldom so lonely as now.A.have I feltB.I had felt C.I have felt D.had I felt38、【07江苏】My room gets very cold at night. .A.So is mineB.So mine is C.So does mine D.So mine does39、【07重庆】_，his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.A.Strange as might it soundB.As it might sound strangeC.As strange it might soundD.Strange as it might sound