2014年职称英语考试理工类B级考前押题(二).doc

资料来源：中国教育在线 /2014年职称英语理工类B级考前押题(二)第一部分 词汇选项下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语有下划线，请为每处下划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。1、Have you talked to her lately?A.lastlyB.finallyC.shortlyD.recently2、While we dont agree, we continue to be friends.A.BecauseB.WhereC.AlthoughD.Whatever3、Jack is a diligent student.A.hardworkingB.ambitiousC.lazyD.slow4、Mary said mildly, that she was just curious.A.gentlyB.shylyC.weaklyD.wildly5、The policeman wrote down all the particulars of the accident.A.secretsB.detailsC.benefitsD.words6、Im content with the way the campaign has gone.A.tiedB.satisfiedC.filledD.concerned7、This table is strong and durable.A.long-lastingB.extensiveC.far reachingD.eternal8、He endured agonies before he finally expired.A.firedB.resignedC.diedD.retreated9、The girl is gazing at herself in the mirror.A.staringB.laughingC.shoutingD.smiling10、For urban areas this approach was wholly inadequate.A.reallyB.basicallyC.fundamentallyD.completely11、Mary has blended the ingredients.A.mixedB.madeC.cookedD.eaten12、They agreed to modify their policy.A.clarifyB.changeC.defineD.develop13、The economy continued to exhibit signs of decline in September.A.playB.sendC.showD.tell14、It is difficult to comprehend, but everything you have ever seen, smelt, heard .or felt is merely your brains interpretation of incoming stimuli.A.explanationB.evaluationC.recognitionD.interruption15、The dentist has decided to extract her bad tooth.A.take outB.repairC.push inD.dig第2部分 阅读判断 下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。Survey Finds Many Women Misinformed about CancerSixty-three percent of American women think that if theres no family history of cancer. Youre not likely to develop the disease, a new survey found.1n fact，most people who develop cancer have no family history of cancer。according to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists(ACOG)(美国妇产科医师学会)，which sponsored the survey.Too many women are dying from cancer。Dr. Douglas W. Laube, ACOGs immediatepast president，Said during a Friday teleconference. An estimated 200070 women will die in the U. S. this year，and over 600. 078 women will be diagnosed with cancer. The results of this survey found a worrisome(令人担忧的)gap in womens knowledge about cancer.Based on the findings ACOG is increasing its efforts to educate women about cancer and the need for regular screening tests.Although the survey found many misconceptions(错误观念)about cancer, 76 percent of women surveyed did say they feel knowledgeable about how they can reduce their risk of the disease.However, only 52 percent said they were doing enough to reduce that risk. And 10 percent said they hadnt done anything in the past year to lower their risk. Seventeen percent said they wouldnt change their lifestyles even if changes would lower their cancer risk.Many women said they were afraid to undergo screening out of fear of finding cancer. Twenty percent said they didnt want to know if they had cancer.In response to these findings ACOG will launch on Oct. 2g a new website-Protect& Detect What Women should know about cancer. The guide is designed to help women to take charge of their health and improve their understanding of their risk of cancer-and the lifestyle steps they can take to cut that risk.16 Many American women have a poor knowledge of cancer.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned17 People with no family history of cancer are unlikely to develop cancer.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned18 More women are dying from cancer than men in America.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned19 Most American women know too little about how to lower their cancer risk.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned20 Some American women are just unwilling to change their lifestyles.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned21 Some American women are too afraid of finding cancer to undergo screening.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned22 ACOGs efforts to educate women about cancer will be greatly appreciated.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned概括大意Stanford UniversityStanford University, famous as one of northern Californias several institutions of higher learning, is sometimes called the Harvard of the West. The closeness of Stanford to San Francisco, a city thirty-two miles to the north, gives the university a decidedly cosmopolitan flavor.The students are enrolled mainly from the western United State. But most of the fifty states send students to Stanford, and many foreign students study here, as well. And standards for admission remain high. Young men and women are selected to enter the university from the upper fifteen percent of their high school classes.Not only because of the high caliber of its students but also because of the desirable location and climate, Stanford has attracted to its faculty some of the worlds most respected scholars. The university staff has included many Nobel Prize winners such as Dr. Felix Bloch, Dr. Robert Hofstadter, and Dr. William Shockley in physics, Dr. Author Kornberg and Dr. Joshua Lederberg in medicine, and Dr. Paul J. Flory and Dr. Linus Pauling in chemistry. The Russian novelist Aleksander Solzhenistsyn has been in residence. Stanfords undergraduate school of engineering and its graduate schools of business, law, and medicine are especially well-regarded.What is student life like on The Farm? Culturally, the campus is a magnet for both students and citizens of nearby communities. Plays, concerts, and operas are performed in the universitys several auditoriums and in its outdoor theater, where graduations are also held. Several film series are presented during the school year. Guest lecturers from public and academic life frequently appear on campus. In the evenings, many students gather to socialize in the Student Unions coffee house; here the beverages an the atmosphere both have a decidedly European flavor. For the sports-minded, the Stanford campus offer highly developed athletic facilities. Team sports, swimming, and track and field activity are all very much part of the Stanford picture. So are bicycling and jogging.In addition to financial support from alumni, Stanford receives grants from the government and from private philanthropic foundations. In recent years, government grants have made possible advanced studies in the fields of history, psychology, education, and atomic energy. At presents Stanford is carrying out an ambitions building program, financed in part by the Ford Foundations 25 million grant. Recently added to the campus are a new physics building, new school of business, new graduate school of law, new student union, and undergraduate library.EXERCISE:1. Paragraph 2_2. Paragraph 3_3. Paragraph 4_4. Paragraph 5_A Colorful life on the campusB Intelligent student bodyC School administrationD Distinguished facultyE Substantial financial supportF The Harvard of the west1. Paragraph 12. Paragraph 33. Paragraph 44. Paragraph 65. Those high school graduates who can enter Stanford University _.6. Many professors like to teach in this university partly because here _.7. On the faculty of the university there are _.8. Financial support from both private organizations and the government has made possible _.A they can find the best studentsB the universitys academic advancement and physical extensionC some of the most distinguished scholars of the worldD where a sports meet is held every yearE must have been the top students in their classF must be hardworking阅读理解Eta CarinaeAs possibly the galaxys (银河) most massive star, Eta Carinae is now engaging in some very unusual behaviour. Australian astronomers, being in the Southern Hemisphere (半球), are able to observe it clearly.In the 19th century, Eta Carinae was for a time the third brightest star in the sky. It has now become less bright so that binoculars (双筒望远镜) are needed to see it. It seems to be brightening and becoming less bright over a period of many years, said Dr Bob Duncan from the Australia Telescope National Facility.While it is not unusual for stars to vary in brightness, the period is usually much shorter. Since 1992 it has become four times brighter, and then last year it began to drop dramatically, he said.The problem in observing Eta Carinae is that it has been surrounded by a cloud of gas and dust, making it hard to see the star directly. However, radio waves and infrared light (红外线) can pass through this cloud, so telescopes that receive these wavelengths can observe what is occurring.Eta Carinae is of particular interest to astronomers because it seems to be in its death throes (剧痛). Being so large it will end up as a supernova (超新星). There has not been a supernova in our galaxy since the invention of the telescope. While a 1987 explosion in a nearby galaxy gave astronomers plenty of valuable data, they are hungry for an even closer look.Eta Carinae has other unique features, and is the only star known to produce an ultraviolet (紫外线) laser that is brighter than that produced by the Sun. Lasers have been observed in other frequencies from a few stars.31Eta Carinae is now engaging inAsome very common behaviour.Bsome very dull behaviour.Csome very frightening behaviourDsome very strange behaviour.32The word period in Paragraph 3 means the length of timeAover which stars vary in brightness.Bfor which Eta Charinaes brightening lasts.CEta Carinae takes to become a supernova.Dit takes the laser from Eta Carinae to travel to the earth.33Eta Carinae is hard to observe becauseAit is too far away.Bthere is too much dust and gas around itCthe binoculars are not powerful enough.Dit does not send out infrared light.4Astronomers are particularly interested in Eta Carinae becauseAit is in its final stage.Bit is a supernova.Cit exploded in 1987.Dit is brighter than the Sun.5Which of the following statements about Eta Carinae is NOT true?AIt will end up as a supernova.BIt can be seen only through binoculars.CIt is the only star that sends out an ultraviolet laser.DIts ultraviolet laser is brighter than that of the Sun.第二篇IOCs Official ProblemsThe International Olympic Committee (IOC) has launched an investigation into allegations that its officials in more than 50 countries have been selling London Olympics tickets on the black market for profit. The IOC met at an emergency session on Saturday to look into a pile of evidence uncovered by Britains Sunday Times newspaper. The paper claims that high-ranking Olympic officials have been selling tickets for the games at hugely inflated prices. The highest priced tickets on the black market were for the mens 100-meter final. The IOC has issued a statement saying it takes these allegations very seriously and has immediately taken the first steps to investigate. IOC rules forbid national Olympics committees from selling tickets, overseas, increasing ticket prices or selling tickets to unauthorized, third-party resellers. Despite this, Sunday Times undercover reporters posing as illegal ticket sellers say they have recorded evidence of 27 officials selling tickets distributed to 54 countries. One of the most serious allegations was against the Greek Olympic Committee president Spyros Capralos. He denies saying he had pulled strings with the head of the London Olympics Sebastian Coe even though the paper posted videos of its reporters negotiations with Capralos on its Website. Mr Capralos has so far refused to comment.The IOC is investigating its own officials for_.A.running the black marketB.secretly meeting reportersC.illegally selling ticketsD.criticizing Sunday Times37、The word allegations (Para. 1 ) probably means_.A.discussionsB.claimsC.announcementsD.opinions38、Sunday Times reveaJed_.A.details about IOCs emergency sessionB.evidence against some IOC officials,C.ticket prices for mens 100-meter finalD.pricing policy of the London Olympics39、Which of the following is NOT against the IOC rules concerning its officials?_.A.Selling tickets internationally.B.Raising the prices of the tickets.C.Selling tickets to unofficial resellers.D.Giving tickets to their friends.40、Faced with the evidence against him, Capralos _.A.blamed other officialsB.admitted the factsC.issued a statementD.gave no response41、根据材料，完成41-46题。第三篇Psychology of ShoppingPeople can be addicted to different things - e.g. alcohol, drugs, certain foods, or even television. People who have such addition are compulsive, i.e. they have a very powerful psychological need that they feel they must spend money. This compulsion, like most others, is irrational- impossible to explain reasonably. For compulsive spenders who buy on credit,charge accounts are even more exciting than money.In other words, compulsive spenders feel that with credit, they can do anything. Their pleasure in spending enormous amounts is actually greater than the pleasure that they get from the things they buy. There is special psychology of bargain hunting. To save money, 0f course,most people search for sales, low prices and discounts. Compulsive bargain hunters, however,often buy things they dont need just only because they are cheap. They believe that they are helping their budgets, but they are really playing an exciting game: when they can buy something for less than other people, they feel that they are winners. Most people, experts claim,have two reasons for their behavior: a good reason for things that they do and the real one.Of course, it is not only scientists who understand the psychology of spending habits, but also business people. Stores, companies, and advertisers use psychology to increase business:they consider peoples needs for love, power, or influence, their basic value, their beliefs and opinions, and so on in their advertising and sales methods. Psychologists can often use a method called behavior therapy to help individuals solve their personality problems. In the same way, they can help people who feel that they have problems with money.The word compulsive (Line 2, Para. 1 ) probably-means_.A.necessaryB.compulsoryC.complicatedD.fearful42、According to the passage, the greatest pleasure of crazy shopping for a compulsive spender is_.A.to get things they wantB.to meet their strong psychological needC.to spend a lot of moneyD.to meet their basic needs43、According to the passage, compulsive bargain hunters constantly search for the lowest possible prices _.A.because they feel satisfied if they spend less moneythan othersB.because they have money problemC.because they like to show off their success in getting things for less moneyD.because they want to save money to help their budget44、According to the passage, which of the following is true?_.A.All people only buy things they need.B.Both business people and advertisers increase sales through using psychology.C.Scientists understand psychology better than business people.D.Compulsive spenders can never get any help to solve their problems.with money.45、What does the passage mainly discuss?_.A.The use of the psychology of spending money in business.B.A special psychology of bargaining.C.A method to help compulsive spenders to solve the problem of money.D.The psychology of money-spending habits.补全短文The influence of televisionAbout six years ago I was eating lunch in a restaurant in New York city when a woman and a young boy sat down at the next table._(46) At one point the woman asked :”So, how have you been? ”And the boy? who could not have been more than seven or eight years old? replied. ” Frankly, I ve been feeling a little depressed latterly. ”This incident stuck in my mind deeply._ (47) As far as I can remember. My friends and I didnt find out we were “depressed ”until we were in high school.The evidence of a change in children has increased steadily in recent years._(48) Children speak more like adults, dress more like adults and behave more like adults than they used to .Whether this is good or bad is difficult to say, but it certainly is different .Childhood as it once was no longer exists, why?Human development is based not only on innate biological states ,but also on patterns of access to social knowledge. Movement from on social tote (生搬硬套) to another usually involves learning the secrets of the new status._(49) Traditionally ,we tell sixth grades things we keep hidden from fifth graders.In the last 30 years , however ,a secret?revelation machine has been installed in 98 percent of the American homes._ (50) Television passes information ,and indiscriminately , to all viewers alike, be they children or adults. Unable to resist the temptation, many children turn attention from printed texts to the less challenging ,more vivid moving pictures.Actually , communication through print allows for great deal of control over the social information to which children have access. Children must read simple books before thy can read com