高考英语一轮复习 话题33宽阔的海洋（Unit 3 Under the sea）新人教版选修7.doc

话题33宽阔的海洋（unit 3 under the sea）话题单词1. sailor sel(r) n.海员；水手 2. marine mrin adj. 海洋的3. benefit benft vi.使受益；得益 n.利益 4. transport trnsp:t n.运输；运送 vt.运输；运送5. property prpt n.特性；性质；财产 6. plankton plktn n.浮游生物7. molecule mlkjul n.分子 8. unique ju:ni:k adj.唯一的；独特的9. hydrogen hadrd()n n.氢 10. atom tm n.原子11. oxygen ksd()n n.氧；氧气 12. relative reltv adj.相对的；比较而言的13. freezing friz adj.冰冻的；极冷的 n.冰点 14. salinity slnt n.含盐量15. dissolve dzlv vt.使溶解；除去；消除 16. density denst n.密度；浓度17. mass ms n.质量；（聚成一体的）团；块；大量 18. volume vljm n.体积；容量19. float flt vi.& vt.（使）漂浮 20. absorb bs:b vt.吸收话题短语1. benefit from 从中获益 2. all the way 一直；一路上3. give off 释放；放出 4. a variety of 种类繁多的5. take measures 采取措施 6. marine pollution 海洋污染7. abnormal climate气候异常 8. global warming 全球变暖9. sea level rise 海平面上升10. greenhouse effect 温室效应11. be harmful to/do harm to. 对有害 12. flood many low-lying cities 水淹低洼城市13. flood sweep across. 洪水横扫14. savewater节约水15. sustainable development 可持续发展 16. keep the balance of nature 保持自然界的平衡 17. fishery resources 渔业资源 18. marine environment 海洋环境话题句子1. it was a time when the killer whales, or “killers” as they were then called, helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration. 在那个时期，杀人鲸，正如当时他们被称呼的，帮助捕鲸者捕杀在每年迁移途中的须鲸。2. what can we do to protect the water on our planet? 我们能做些什么来保护我们这个星球上的水呢？3. 99% percent of the living space on earth is in the oceans. 地球上百分之九十九的生存空间是在海洋里。4. marine life is incredibly rich and varied. 海洋生物极其丰富多样。5. there are about five million species in the oceans and we have yet to learn much about them. 海洋里大约有500万种生物有关这些种群的情况，我们还有许多东西要了解。6. life in the ocean ranges from the tiniest plankton all the way up to giants like sharks and whales.海洋里的生物中从微小的浮游生物到巨大的动物如鲨鱼和鲸鱼都有。7. what makes the ocean such a great place to live? 究竟是什么东西使海洋成为如此优越的生活场所呢？8. marine animals and plants take advantage of the density of water. 海洋动物和植物利用了水的密度的特性。篇章模板marine scientists divide the oceans into five zones. most of the life in the ocean can be found in the first zone，which begins at the surface and goes down to about 200 metres. the second starts at 200 metres and goes down to about 1,000 metres. the third zone is dark. this place，about 3,000 metres deep，may not seem a likely habitat(栖息地)，but there are more creatures here than one might think. the fourth, below 4,000 metres，the temperature is near freezing and there is no light at all. the fifth, the very deepest part of the ocean is 2,000 metres further down. at this depth，the water pressure is extremely high and life is very difficult for the few creatures that live here. 汉语大意：海洋科学家把海洋变成五区。大部分生物可以在第一区找到，从表面到约200米。第二区从200米，下到约1000米。第三个区域是黑暗。这个地方，深约3000米，可能似乎不是一个可能的栖息地（栖息地），但比我们认为的要多。第四区，4000米以下，温度接近冰点，根本就没有光线。第五区，在海洋的最深处，从2000向下。在这个深度，水的压力是非常高的，对少数生活在这里的动物是很困难的。基础知识自测一、单词拓展(a)根据音标及词义写出英文单词。1.annual njl adj.每年的;按年度计算的n.年刊;年鉴annually njl adv.每年地;年度地anniversary nvsr n.周年纪念2.witness wtns vt.当场见到;目击 n.目击者;证人;证据3.accommodation kmde()n n.住所;住宿4.opposite pzt prep.在对面 adj.相对的;相反的5.pause p:z vi. & n.暂停;中止6.telescope telskp n.望远镜7.flee fli: vi.逃避;逃跑 vt.逃离fled/fled fled (过去式/过去分词)8.drag drg vt.拖;拉;扯9.depth dep n.深(度);深处10.urge d vt.催促;极力主张;驱策11.abandon bndn vt.放弃;遗弃;抛弃abandoned bndnd adj.放纵的;堕落的12.target tt n.目标;靶;受批评的对象13.reflect rflekt vi.思考 vt.映射;反射;思考reflection rflek()n n.映像;思考;反映14.aware we adj.意识到的;知道的awareness wensn.意识15.neat ni:t adj.(口)好的;整齐的;匀称的16.scare ske(r) vt.恐吓 vi.受惊吓scared sked adj.恐惧的;害怕的scary skeradj.引起恐慌的17.antarctic ntktk adj.南极的18.awesome sm adj.使人敬畏的;令人畏惧的awe : n. & vt.敬畏;使畏惧;满心敬畏awful fl adj.可怕的,吓人的,极度的,很糟的awfully fl adv.极度地,十分地(b)单词活用 用所给词的正确形式填空。1the small animals were scared (scare) to run away when they saw a tiger walking towards them.2anyone with an annual (annually) income of under 5 000 yuan may be eligible to apply.3he abandoned (abandon) his wife and went away with all their money.4he doesnt seem to be aware (awareness) of the coldness of their attitude towards his appeal.5we witnessed (witness) tremendous changes in the city.6her sad look reflected (reflection) the thought passing through her mind.7these requirements are absolutely basic to a good relationship (relation)8hotel accommodation (accommodation) was scarce during the olympic games.9hes got nothing beyond his state pension (pension)10nobody knew the depth (deep) of her love for the child.二、短语互译及运用(a)短语互译1.in the meantime 在此期间;与此同时2.be/become aware of 对知道明白;意识到3.(be) scared to death 吓死了4.draw near 靠近5.hold up 阻挡6.help(.) out 帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难7.upside down 上下翻转8.sort out 整理;分类;收拾9.aim at 瞄准10.be about to do sth. 正要做某事(b)灵活运用 选择以上恰当的词组填空。1. i decided to hold up on the news until he was sure of it. 2. please sort out things you want to keep and throw everything else away.3. she turned the discussion upside down by asking a foolish question.4. i like skiing and in the meantime, i know it is very dangerous.5. you should always aim at doing your job well.6. their sudden attack made us more aware of the danger around us.7. he raised his hat and was about to speak, but she gave him the go-by as though she had never seen him before. 三、课文语法填空on the morning of 19th january i went snorkeling. 1 (see) such extraordinary beauty, i thought every cell in my body woke up and 2 was like discovering a whole new dimension of life. 3 the trip, i first became aware of the vivid colors 4 (surround) me and the fantastic corals, in and around 5 all kinds of elegant fish 6 (be) swimming among them. 7 there are still something 8 made me feel frightened. for example, i didnt want to get close 9 the eel, the giant clam and the grey reef sharks, for they made me scared to death 10 a moment. 【答案】1. seeing2. it3. during4. surrounding5. which6. were 7. but8. that 9. to 10. for重点词汇精讲精练1. witness vt.当场见到；目击；vi. 作证n.目击者；证人；证据背诵 we all came to witness history and watch the historic flight of teacher christa mcauliffe.我们聚集在一起见证历史，观看教师克里斯塔麦考利夫历史性的飞行。 搭配 give witness on behalf of sb. 替某人作证be a witness to. 是的目击者witness to sth./doing sth. 作证/证明某事/做某事bear/give witness to sth. 作证;证明某事运用 根据汉语提示完成下列句子。(1)the successful launch of shenzhou is powerful witness to (有力见证) our countrys increasing prosperity.(2)the two servants witnessed (作证)mr smiths will.(3)the worker witnessed to having seen (作证说曾看见) the accused near the scene of the crime.2. accommodation n. 住所；住宿，膳宿供应；(pl.) 提供便利的设备(或用具)；适应，调节背诵 can we find accommodations at a hotel for tonight? 我们今晚能找到旅馆住宿吗？搭配make accommodations for 为提供膳宿book accommodation at a hotel 向旅馆预订房间arrange sb.s accommodation 给某人安排住处accommodate/adapt to 使适应accommodate oneself toadapt oneself to 适应，顺应accommodate/supply sb. with 向某人提供方便运用 根据汉语提示完成下列句子。(1)the house will accommodate (容纳) two families.(2)the bank will accommodate you with (提供) a loan.(3)you will have to accommodate yourself to（使自己适应）the situation. 3. urge vt. 催促；极力主张；驱策背诵 she urged that i (should) apologize to him.她主张我应该向他道歉。搭配urge sb. on sth.=urge on sb. sth. 力劝某人做某事；催促某人做某事 urge sb. to do sth. 激励某人做某事；怂恿某人做某事urge that . （用虚拟语气）urgency n.紧急，迫切，急迫 urgent adj.紧急的，急迫的;执拗的运用 根据汉语提示完成下列句子。(1)he urged on (力言)his pupils the importance of hard work.(2)we urged her to open (催她打开) her birthday gift from her boyfriend.(3)my friends urged that i (should) apply (申请)for the job.朋友们力劝我那份工作。4. abandon vt. 离开而不返回，遗弃，抛弃，放弃 n.放肆，任性背诵 the match was abandoned because of bad weather. 比赛因恶劣的天气而取消。搭配abandon oneself完全屈从于abandonment n.u遗弃，离弃，抛弃，放弃，舍弃abandoned adj.被遗弃的,自暴自弃的,无耻的abandonment n. 放弃,放肆辨析abandon, desert与give upabandon强调永远或完全放弃人或事物等；可能是被迫的，也可能是自愿的；desert 着重指违背法律责任和义务或自己的信仰与誓言的行为，多含非难的意味；give up普通用语，侧重指没有希望，或因为外界压力而放弃。运用 根据汉语提示完成下列句子。(1)the child was abandoned by (遗弃)his parents. (2)the crew abandoned (离弃) the burning ship.(3)i abandoned my hope (放弃希望)of being a doctor.5. aware adj. 意识到的；知道的背诵 he wasnt aware of the danger他没有意识到危险。搭配unaware adj.不察觉的, 不知道的awareness n. 知道, 晓得bebecome aware of sth意识到某事be aware that-clause知道；意识到make sbaware that-clause提醒某人注意make sbaware of让某人注意到说明 aware后跟名词性从句时，一般在从句前不能用of，但在what从句前必须用of。运用 用恰当的介词或aware恰当的词性填空。(1) also when you write your goals in a particular way you are able to make yourself continuously aware of situations that will bring you nearer to your goal(2)the principal didnt seem to be aware that there should have been so much dispute about the decision(3) health officials throughout the world have tried to make people raise awareness about aids. (4) mike seems unaware of the trouble hes causing, otherwise he would stop it6. hang v挂，吊，固定在墙上，上中，处以绞刑，使某物下背诵 the boy hung his head in shame. 那个男孩羞愧地低下了头。搭配hang back踌躇不前，退缩hang down下垂，低下头hang on to紧紧握住，坚持下去hang on upon抱住不放，坚持下去，赖着不走，不挂断电话hang about=hang around徘徊，荡来荡去hang by/on/upon a thread/hair千钧一发hang it doubt疑惑不决hang up挂，吊，拖延，终止，挂断电话运用 根据汉语提示完成下列句子。(1)i was so angry that i hung up (挂断电话)on him. （原创）(2) hang on (稍等)a minute im nearly ready. 7. sort out 整理；挑出; 解决(问题困难)背诵 ive sorted out the papers that can be thrown away我已经把那些可以扔掉的报纸整理出来了。联想sort through 查看并挑选出put away 把存放好运用 根据汉语提示完成下列句子。(1)weve got a few lime problems to sort out (解决) (2)he was sorting through (整理)a pile of papers on his desk (3) he sorted his own photos out (挑出)from others and kept them in a album.8. help out 帮助（摆脱困难或危难）；协助；使脱离困境背诵 can you help me out with the maths problem? 你能帮我解出这道数学题吗?联想help sb with sth帮助某人做某事with the help of在.的帮助下, 借助help oneself to请随便自己动手(夹菜吃、用等)cant help doing sth禁不住cant help but do sth只得；不得不运用 根据汉语提示完成下列句子。(1)is there anything i can do to help out？(我能帮上忙吗？)(2)he was obviously in some kind of trouble, but i didnt know how i could help him out (帮他).(3)can you help me out with (帮我解决) the maths problem？9. bring in带来; 获利，赚；求援；求助；引进背诵 the boys bring in 60 a week. 这些男孩子每周赚60镑。联想bring about changes引起变化bring along把带来 bring back归还 bring down使倒下，降低，减少 bring on使前进 bring out取出，说出，出版 bring up教育，抚养，呕吐运用 根据汉语提示完成下列句子。(1)the sale brought us in (赚)over $1000. (2)they began to use english, but they also brought in (吸收)some words from their own languages. 经典句型背诵仿写1. it was/is a time when 曾经一度（那时）背诵 it was a time when she could not bear the pain and wanted to kill herself.她曾经无法忍受病痛，想结束自己的生命。仿写 根据汉语意思完成句子。(1) 那是汽车很罕见的时代。it was a time when motorcars were rare. (2) 曾经没人能理解我的计划和雄心。it was a time when no one could understand my plan and ambition.(3)现在这一社区的人们相互帮助，和谐相处。it is a time when people in the community would like to help each other and live harmoniously. 2. 动名词的复合结构背诵 do you mind my/me/jacks/jack leaving now? 我/杰克现在离开你介意吗？说明 动名词的复合结构的其中一种形式是“物主代词或名词所有格动名词”，在句中做主语、宾语、表语等。如果不是在句子开头，这个结构常常可以用名词的普通格(或人称代词的宾格)。仿写 根据汉语意思完成句子。(1)他/杰克没准时到车站使得我们大家都很担心。his/jacks not getting to the station on time made all of us worried.(2) 我妹妹在竞赛中获胜的事你听说了吗？have you heard of my sisters winning the contest?(3) 他离开这个城市我们大家都不知道。he left the city without our knowing it.3. with+宾语+宾语补足语背诵 the teacher came in with a thick book in her hand.老师走了进来，手里拿着一本厚厚的书。说明 with+宾语+宾语补足语在句中充当状语，表伴随，原因等。仿写 根据汉语意思完成句子。(1)我睡觉时喜欢开着窗。i like to sleep with the window open. (2)妈妈讲着故事，小孩很快就睡着了。with her mother telling stories, the child could fall asleep soon.语言知识巧用妙用翻译或完成下列句子，注意黑体部分要用到本单元的短语和句型，然后将其合并成一篇5句话左右的短文。1. 在生活中我们经常目睹一些感人的画面。 we often witness some moving scenes in life. 2. 当有人处于困境的时候，很多人伸出援助之手。 when someone is in trouble, many people help them out. 3. 很多人遇到一些可怕的事情，往往已经吓得半死。 when they meet with some frightening things, many people are scared hadlf to death. 4. 去帮助那些处于困难的人，有时是需要勇气的。 it takes courage to help those who are in need of help. 5. 我们认识到这个世界需要每个人的热心。 we are aware that the world needs everyones kindness. 合并we often witness some moving scenes in life. when someone is in trouble, many people help them out. help is needed because when they meet with some frightening things, many people are scared hadlf to death. of course, it takes courage to help those who are in need of help. after all, we are aware that the world needs everyones kindness. 轻轻松松走进高考阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为110的相应位置上。mr. smith works in an office. hes very busy and has 1 time to have a good rest. every evening, 2 he comes back from work, hes always tired and wants to go to bed early. 3 his wife often has a lot of interesting things 4 (tell) him after supper. she doesnt stop talking 5 she falls asleep, but its usually very late and mr. smith has to get up on time in the morning when she is 6 (sleep). one day the man felt terrible 7 couldnt go to work. he decided to go to see a doctor. mrs. smith went to the hospital with him. before her husband could say 8 was the matter with him, the woman 9 (tell)the doctor everything. the doctor looked over mr. smith and then gave medicine to 10 mr. and mrs. smith. he said to mrs. smith, “they are sleeping pills. when you take the pills, your husband will be all right.”【答案】1nolittle 2when 3but 4to tell 5until 6asleepsleeping 7and 8what 9had told 10both二、完形填空阅读下面短文，掌握其大意然后从120各题所给的a、b、c和d项中，选出最佳选项。出处：河南洛阳市20132014学年高三年级统一考试新鲜度难度 话题爱心助人，真情回报关键词help体裁 记叙文短文词数 285建议时间 15分钟正确率 /20i was walking down a dark street one evening. and then i heard screams coming from behind some 1 . manned as i was, i 2 to listen, and panicked when i realized that what i was hearing were the sounds of a 3 . only yards from where i stood, a woman was being attacked.“should i get 4 ?” i thought.i was 5 for my own safety, and i hated myself for having suddenly decided to take a/an 6 route home that night. “what if im 7 too?” although it felt like a century, my thought process had only taken seconds. but already the girls 8 were growing weaker.i knew i had to 9 fast. “how can i walk away from this?” i asked myself.“no”, i finally resolved（决心）. “ i cannot 10 my back on the fate of this unknown woman, even if it means risking my own life. “i ran behind the bushes and pulled the 11 off the woman. struggling, we fell to the ground, where we fought for a few minutes until the man jumped up and 12 .breathing heavily, i got to my 13 and approached the girl, who was sobbing behind a tree. in the darkness, i could 14 see her outline, but i could certainly sense her trembling 15 . not wanting to frighten her any 16 , i at first spoke to her from a distance.“its ok,” i said. “the man ran away. youre 17 now.”there was a（n） 18 pause and then i heard the words, said in wonder, in 19 .“dad, is that you?”and then, from 20 the tree, stepped my youngest daughter, katherine.1. a. pinesb. bamboosc. bushesd. dustbins2. a. turned upb. slowed downc. came overd. got away3. a. whisperb. quarrelc. whistled. struggle4. a. involvedb. panickedc. centeredd. started5. a. motivatedb. inspiredc. dissatisfiedd. frightened6. a. similarb. originalc. newd. familiar7. a. hurtb. punishedc. arrestedd. scolded8. a. strengthsb. criesc. breathsd. sighs9. a. replyb. refreshc. awaked. respond10. a. switchedb. turnedc. ignoredd. laid11. a. burglarb. suspectc. murdererd. attacker12. a. escapedb. sworec. jumpedd. died13. a. backb. handsc. feetd. head14. a. easilyb. hardlyc. approximatelyd. possibly15. a. painb. anxietyc. shockd. stress16. a. worseb. olderc. laterd. further17. a. aloneb. securec. awared. calm18. a. longb. permanentc. boringd. enjoyable19. a. secretb. peacec. amazementd. disappointment20. a. inb. behindc. beneathd. over 【读后反馈】. 靓词panick v. 使恐慌 resolve v. 决心. 难句1. manned as i was, i 2 (slowed down) to listen, and panicked when i realized that what i was hearing were the sounds of a 3 (struggle).本句是复合句。as引导让步状语从句，意思是“虽然”；when引导时间状语从句；realized后面跟宾语从句。在宾语从句中，what i was hearing为主语从句。. 拓展练1.单句语法填空_ (girl) as she is, she is very brave in face of danger. 2. 句式仿写（1）即使受到邀请，我们也不会耽误上课去参加聚会。_(2)我们一直等到所有的人都从大厅散去。_本文是记叙文。夜里走在丛林中，“我”听到女孩的呼救。片刻犹豫后，“我”决定出手相助，结果“我”救的是自己的女儿。1. c下文语境题。联系下文i ran behind the bushes and pulled the 11 (attacker) off the woman.可知，打斗发生在丛林(bushes)的后面。pines松树； bamboos竹子；dustbins垃圾桶。2. b上文语境题。前文有i was walking down a dark street one evening.听到呼救，“我”慢下(slowed down)脚步。turn up出现；come over走过来；get away离开。7. a下文语境题。依据空后的too可知，“我”在设身处地地为小女孩着想，如果“我”也受到伤害(hurt)，那会怎么样？ punished惩罚； arrested抓住；scolded责备。8. b下文语境题。联系下文who was sobbing behind a tree可知，这时小女孩的哭声(cries)已经变得更弱了。strengths力量；长处；breaths呼吸；sighs叹气。9. d下文语境题。从空后的“how can i walk away from this?” i asked myself.可知，此时自己立刻做出反应(respond)。reply回答；refresh唤起精神；awake醒来。10. b下文语境题。结合空后的my back on the fate of this unknown woman可知，“我”觉得不能对此事置之不理(ignored)。switched连接；turned转身；laid放下。11. d下文语境题。依据空后的off the woman可知，“我”把打人者(attacker)从女子的身上拖走。burglar强盗；suspect疑犯；murderer杀人犯。12. a 联系空前的the man jumped up可知，那个人跳起来逃走(escaped)了。swore祈祷；jumped跳跃；died死亡。13. c上文语境题。从空前的got to和空后的and approached the girl可知，“我”站(feet)起来，走向那个女孩。back后背；hands手；head头。14. b下文语境题。结合空后的see her outline, but i could certainly sense her trembling可知，“我”几乎看不(hardly)到她的轮廓。easily容易地；approximately大约；possibly有可能地。15. c上文语境题。联系空前的i could certainly sense可知，“我”能感受到