13 讲义十三 九年级英语Unit8知识要点.doc

九年级英语Unit8知识要点一重点词汇：1.情态动词must, may , might, could, cant表示推测含义与用法后面都接动词原形，都可以表示对现在情况的揣测和推断但他们含义有所不同 must一定 肯定 (100%的可能性) may, might, could有可能，也许 (20%80%的可能性) cant不可能，不会 (可能性几乎为零)The dictionary must be mine. It has my name on it. The CD might/could/may belong to Tony because he likes listening to pop music.The hair band cant be Bobs. After all, he is boy!2. whose谁的疑问词作定语后面接名词,如：Whose book is this? This is Lilys.3. belong to属于如： That English book belongs to me.4. 当play指弹奏乐器时，常在乐器前用定冠词如：play the guitar play the piano play the violin当play指进行球类运动时，则不用定冠词如： play football play basketball play baseball 5. if引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时代替将来时如：If you dont hurry up, youll be late.如果你不快点，你将会迟到6. if you have any idea= if you know如果你知道7. on关于（学术，科目） a book on grammar一本语法方面的书8. try to do sth. 尝试做某事如：I try to climb the tree. 我尝试爬树。9. because of + 名词/代词/名词性短语 如: I do it because I like it. 我做这件事是因为我喜欢because +从句如：I had to move because of my job. 因为工作的原因我得搬家。10. own v.owner n. listen v.listener n. learn v.learner n.11. catch a bus赶公共汽车12. neighbor邻居指人; neighborhood邻居, 指地区也可指附近地区的人13. local当地的如：local teacher当地的教师14. noise n. 噪音是个可数名词noises 15. call the police报警如：Quick! Call the police! 快！叫警察！16. anything strange一些奇怪的东西当形容词修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代词时，放在这些词的后面17. there be sb./ sth. doing如：There is a cat eating fish.There must be something visiting our home.18. escape from 从哪里逃跑出来如：He escaped from the burning building.19. an ocean of + 名词极多的，用不尽的如：an ocean of energy.20. unhappy不高兴的反义词happy高兴的 21. final adj. 最后的finally adv. 最后地22. dishonest不诚实的反义词honest诚实的。23. get on上车 get off下车24. use up用光、用完如：They have used up all the money. 他们已经用完了所有的钱。25. attempt to do试图如：The boys attempted to leave for Beijing. 男孩子们试图想去北京。26. wake动词唤醒常用的词组：wake up意为醒来如：Please wake me up at 8 oclock.27. look for寻找指过程; find找指结果如：I am looking for a pen. 我正在找一支笔。（指找的过程）I found my pen just now. 我刚刚找到了我的笔。（指找的结果）28. hear听指听的结果 ; listen听 指听的过程如：Did you hear ? 你听到了吗？ I often listen to the music. 我经常听音乐。（指听的过程）29. try ones best to do sth. 尽某人的最大努力去做某事如：He tried his best to run. 30、drop：（1） vt.(及物动词)意思是（有意或无意）让掉下来、投下；放弃、不再干。例：She dropped the teapot. He dropped it into the mail-box. I want to drop math.（2）vi.(不及物动词)意思是掉下、落下；下降、降低（可与fall互换），例：The man dropped from the top of the building.The temperature has suddenly dropped.（3） n.(可数)滴、点滴， a few drops of rain几滴雨31、garbage、rubbish、junk和waste：（1）garbage废料、垃圾；（厨房倒弃的）剩饭、剩菜。（2）rubbish=trash垃圾，普通用语，指各种垃圾，英国人常用rubbish,美国人常用trash.（3）junk破烂物，指废铁、破布等，现在用来指使人发胖的食物。（4）waste废物，指工厂排出的废水、废气或家庭垃圾等。32、any用在否定句、疑问句、条件句中。 some用在陈述肯定句中。33、have no idea不知道 have some/any idea知道。34、at可表示“再某场合”如：at the meeting/party35、hope to do sth；hope that从句。 wish to do sth；wish sb to do sth；wish that从句。36、because引导原因状语从句 because of跟名词或一个短语。37、however与but：（1）从语义上看，but所表示的是很明显的对比、转折。（2）从语法上看，but是并列连词，however是个副词。（3）从语序上看，but总位于所引导的句首，however可放在句首、句中、句尾。（4）从标点上看，but之后没有逗号，however之前、之后短语用逗号隔开。38、happen指偶然的发生；take place用于计划好的事情或自然的发生；break out（指战争、灾难、疾病等）爆发。39. pretend to do sth. 假装做某事 I pretended to sleep just now. 我刚才假装在睡觉.pretend +从句 假装 I pretended that I fell asleep. 我假装睡着了.Pretend to be doing sh. 假装正在做I pretended to be sleeping at the moment.那会儿我假装在睡觉.二重点句子讲解：1.It might belong to Alice.She plays the guitar.(P35) 它可能是爱丽丝的。她是弹吉它的。 belong是不及物动词，后面通常跟介词to。belong to的主语通常是物；介词to后面跟人。例如： Who(m) does this belong to? 这是谁的东西? 2.Icant find my backpack.(P35) 我找不到背包了。 It cant be Johns.(P35) 它不可能是约翰的。 cant find中的can表示能力，而cant be中的can表示推测。例如： The hall can hold at least 2，000 people.这个大厅至少能坐下2，000人。 It cant be Li Ming.He went on a trip yesterday.不可能是李明。昨天他去旅行了。 cant与may not表示推测时意义有别。cant意为“不可能”，而may not意为“可能不”。试比较： Danny cant be at home.I saw him in the library just now.丹尼不可能在家。我才还在图书馆里见到他。 It seven oclock now.Michael may not come here.现在已七点了。迈克尔可能不会来这儿了。3.Its much too small for him.(P35) (他穿)太小了。 句中much too意为“太”、“非常”，用作副词词组，修饰形容词small。too much也可在句中作状语，但只能修饰动词。试比较： Its much too cold today.今天天气太冷。 The old man walked much too slow.这位老人走得太慢了。 Dont speak too much at the meeting.会上别讲得太多。 too much也可用作名词词组，在句中作宾语；too much还可在句中用作形容词词组，修饰不可数名词。much too则不可。例如： You gave me too much.你给我的太多了。 Is eating too much good or bad for your health? 吃得太多对身体有益还是有害? 4.Its crucial that I study for it because it counts 30 % to the final exam.(P36) 这对我学习(这门学科)很重要，因为它要占期末考试的30%。 (1)本句是“it is + 形容词 + that从句/wh-从句”句式，其中it是形式主语，that从句或wh-从句是句子的真正主语。例如： It is certain that the earth is round.毫无疑问，地球是圆的。 It is necessary that we master at least a foreign language.我们有必要至少掌握一门外语。 5.He might be running to catch a bus.(P37) 他可能正在跑去赶公交车呢。 might be running属于“情态动词 + 行为动词的进行式”结构，用来推测某动作现在正在进行之中。例如： He said that his father might be playing chess.他说他父亲可能正在下国际象棋。 6.There must be something visiting the homes in our neighborhood.(P38) 肯定有什么东西光顾我们的街坊邻里了。 本句为“there be.+ doing.”句式，表示V-ing的动作目前或现阶段正在进行。从语法上讲，此句式中的V-ing也可以用动词不定式替代，即“there be + 主语 + to do”，表示动词不定式表示的动作将要发生。试比较： Theres a man waiting for you outside the office.办公室外有人在等你。 7.Dont let yesterday use up too much of today.(P39) 过去的就让它过去了! 本句为否定祈使句。yesterday作动词let的宾语，use up too much of today是作宾语补足语。在watch，see，look at，hear，listen to，notice，feel，have(使)，let，make等动词后面作宾语补足语用的动词不定式往往省去to。例如： Make the past serve the present and foreign things serve China.古为今用，洋为中用。 三、短语belong to 属于because of n./pron. 因为 try ( not ) to do sth. 尽力（不）做某事 the only kid独生子，唯一的孩子5. make guesses做出猜测attempt to do = try to do sth. 试图做， 尽力做sth happen to sb 某人发生了某事sb. happen to do sth = do sth. by accident某人碰巧作某事pretend to do sth=pretend that假装做; pretend ( not ) to do sth 假装( 不) 做;pretend to be doing sth 假装正在做be careful of sb. / sth.留神、当心 be careful ( not ) to do 小心（不） 做have some / any idea = know 知道have no idea = dont know 不知道sb. use up sth. = sb. run out of sth. = sth. run out 用光、用完 get on 上（公共汽车，飞机等）get off 下（公共汽车，飞机等）get into / out of ( it ) 上/下 （ 小汽车，出租车）smell good / bad 闻起来香/不好make me laugh / happy 使我发笑/高兴the final exam 期末考试wear a suit 穿西装these days最近，近来，近几天（用于现在进行时，现在完成时）in the sky 在空中make up 形成，构成，组成escape from逃离，从逃出hair band 发带 in our neighborhood 在我们附近、在我们小区in ones dream 在某人梦中Its crucial that 关键的是chase after sb.追赶某人in an ocean o四.选择题【 】1. - Can you swim in the river?- No, I _.A. mustnt B. may not C. cant D. neednt【 】2. - ay I go swimming now? - No, you _. You must finish your homework first.A. mustnt B. may not C. couldnt D. neednt【 】3. - Excuse me. Where is the zoo?- Sorry, I dont know. Ask that policeman. He _ know.A. shall B. may C. need D. would【 】4.- _ I finish the work today?- No, you neednt. A. Must B. May C. Can D. Need【 】5. - Must I finish my homework now?- No, you _. You may have a rest first.A. mustnt B. cant C. may not D.dont have to【 】6. - Tom, where is your father?- Im not sure. He_ in his office.A. is B. may be C. maybe D. may【 】7. -_I visit Lucy on Sunday, Mum? -Yes, you_.A. Must；can B. May；may C. Need；need D. May；need【 】8. - Where is Tom? - He hasnt come to school today. I think he_ be ill.A. has to B. should C. may D. need【 】9. - Can you fly a kite? - No, I _.A. mustnt B. neednt C. cant D. couldnt【 】10. This book _ Lucys. Look! Her name is on the book cover.A. must be B. may be C. cant be D. mustnt be【 】11The book is on Lilys desk. _it is hers.A, Maybe B. May be C .Can D .Might【 】12. The notebook must _ Li Nings. A. belong B. be C. belong to【 】13. This pair of shoes _ Deng Huas . Theyre too big for her.A. might beB. cant beC. must be【 】14. .Its so cold and youve walked a long way. You _be tired. Have a rest. please.A .cant B. might C .must .C. can【 】15.Must I come to see you again? No,you .A、mustnt B、neednt C、cant D、may not【 】16.-Is Mr Hu in the reading room?-No,he _be there. He has gone to Tianjin.A. mustnt B. neednt C. wont D. cant【 】17. -Whose book is this? It _ be Lusys. Her name is on it. A .could B. cant C. must D. might【 】18. Who does this pencil case belong _?It must be Celias.A. to B. in C. on D. of【 】19.Can you swim in the river? - No, I _.A. mustnt B.may not C. cant D. neednt【 】20. Dad! Must I finish my homework first? -No, you_. You can do it after supper. A. mustnt B. neednt C. cant D. couldnt【 】21. There is an old saying. The cleverest housewife _cook a meal without rice.A. may B. mustntC. neednt D. cant【 】22. -May I put my bike here?No, you _.A. mustnt B. couldntC. neednt D. wont【 】23. Its a fine day, you _take an umbrella with you. A. cant B. mustnt C. shouldnt D. neednt 【 】24.This question is _ easy, all the students can answer it.A. too much B. too many C. much too D. many too【 】25. -Whose T-shirt is this? -It _ be Johns. Its too small for him.A. must B. might C. cant D mustnt 【 】26. Its too late, I _go home now, or my parents will be angry with me.A,have to B. have C. may D. can【 】27. Do you know who the pen_?” Sorry ,I dont know.A.belong B .belong to C. belongs to D. belongs 【 】28. The football cant be Lilys because she doesnt like it. She likes pla