高考英语语法总复习 5 非谓语动词课件.ppt

5 非谓语动词 2017年高考英语语法总复习 一 动词的 ed形式1 动词 ed形式作状语 1 动词 ed形式作状语 进一步说明谓语动词的动作或状态 其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语 usedwithcare onetinwilllastforsixweeks clearlyandthoughtfullywriten thebookinspiresconfidenceinstudentswhowishtoseektheirownanswer 2 某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化 此时这些过去分词表示一种状态 这样的词 组 常见的有 lost 迷路的 seated 坐 hidden 躲 stationed 驻扎 lost absorbedin 沉溺于 dressedin 穿着 tiredof 感到厌倦 等 absorbedinhisbook hedidn tnoticemeentertheroom 2 动词 ed形式作定语动词 ed形式 短语 作定语与它所修饰的名词之间在逻辑上存在被动关系 并表示该动作的被动或完成 theproducercomesregularlytocollectthecamerasreturnedtoourshopforqualityproblems 3 动词 ed形式作宾语补足语动词 ed形式作宾语补足语时 句中的宾语往往就是其逻辑主语 该动词与宾语之间存在动宾关系 themanagerwassatisfiedtoseemanynewproductsdevelopedaftergreateffort 4 动词 ed形式作表语动词 ed形式作表语时 大多数是已经形容词化的过去分词 如 seated disappointed stuck excited等 whilewaitingfortheopportunitytogetpromoted henrydidhisbesttoperformhisduty 二 动词的 ing形式1 动词 ing形式作状语 1 动词的 ing形式作状语表示在进行一动作的同时所进行的另一动作 它对谓语动词起修饰和陪衬的作用 动词的 ing形式作状语可以表示时间 原因 条件 让步 结果 方式或伴随情况 pressedfromhisparents andrealizingthathehaswastedtoomuchtime theboyisdeterminedtostopplayingvideogames thereisnogreaterpleasurethanlyingonmybackinthemiddleofthegrassland staringatthenightsky 2 动词 ing形式有一般式 被动式 完成式和完成被动式四种形式 每一种形式的否定式都是直接在前面加not构成 一般式 doing 表示主动的一般性的动作或者正在进行的动作 被动式 beingdone 表示正在进行的被动的动作 完成式 havingdone 表示发生在谓语动作之前的主动的动作 完成被动式 havingbeendone 表示发生在谓语动作之前的被动的动作 havingbeentoldmanytimes hefinallyunderstoodit theoldman havingworkedabroadfortwentyyears camebacktohismotherland nothavingfullyrecoveredfromtheoperation thepatientwasadvisedtostayinhospitalforanothertwoweeks 2 动词 ing形式作定语动词 ing形式 短语 作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系 表示该动作的主动和进行 there sanotepinnedtothedoorsayingwhentheshopwillopenagain 3 动词 ing形式作宾语补足语动词 ing形式作宾语补足语时 句中的宾语往往就是其逻辑主语 该动词与宾语之间存在主谓关系 动词 ing形式作宾语补足语强调正在进行中的主动动作 可以带有这种复合宾语的动词有see watch hear observe feel find have keep等 jennyfoundawalletlyingontheground 4 动词 ing形式作宾语 1 常接动词 ing作宾语的动词 短语 advise 建议 admit 承认 appreciate 感激 avoid 避免 can thelp 禁不住 consider 考虑 delay 推迟 enjoy 欣赏 escape 逃脱 finish 完成 imagine 想象 keep on 继续 mind 介意 practice 练习 suggest 建议 miss 错过 feellike 想要 devote to 把 献给 getusedto 习惯于 lookforwardto 期望 objectto 反对 setabout 开始 putoff 推迟 等 ihadgreatdifficultyfindingthesuitablefoodonthemenuinthatrestaurant billsuggestedholdingameetingonwhattodofortheshanghaiexpoduringthevacation 2 可用动词 ing 也可用不定式作宾语 但意义区别明显的动词 istillrememberbeingtakentothefamentempleandwhatisawthere 3 动词want need require意为 需要 时 后面跟动词 ing主动式或动词不定式的被动式作宾语区别不大 theflowersneed want requirewatering tobewatered 4 在动词allow advise forbid permit后面直接跟动词 ing作宾语 如果有名词或代词作宾语 则应用带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语 wedon tallowsmokinghere wedon tallowanyonetosmokehere 5 动词 ing形式作主语动词 ing形式作主语表示抽象的 泛指的动作 尤其是一般行为倾向 1 一般形式it snoteasytolearnenglishwell readingasmuchaspossibleisnecessary 2 通常为了避免句子主语过于冗长 用it作形式主语 动词 ing后置 itisnogoodlearningwithoutpractice 三 动词不定式1 不定式作状语 1 不定式用来作目的状语 作目的状语时 不定式的逻辑主语通常也是全句的主语 往往意为 为了 想要 havingfinishedherproject shewasinvitedbytheschooltospeaktothenewstudents 2 不定式用于so asto such asto enoughto too to onlyto 等结构中作结果状语 anxiously shetookthedressoutofthepackageandtriediton onlytofinditdidn tfit 不定式和现在分词作结果状语的区别 不定式作结果状语往往表示意想不到的结果 而现在分词作结果状语则表示自然而然的结果 itrainedheavilyinthesouth causingseriousfloodinginseveralprovinces 3 不定式与形容词连用作原因状语 这些形容词主要有 happy kind surprised frightened angry shocked glad delighted disappointed等 wewereastonishedtofindthetemplestillinitsoriginalcondition 4 在 be adj pleasant nice comfortable hard easy等 todosth 结构中 常用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义 inmanypeople sopinion thatcompany thoughrelativelysmall ispleasanttodealwith 2 不定式作定语动词不定式作定语多表示将来的动作 weareinvitedtoapartytobeheldinourclubnextfriday 3 have get后作宾补的三种非谓语动词形式have get作 使 让 叫 讲时 其后可接 动词 ed形式 动词 ing形式和动词不定式 这三种形式作宾补 1 havesth done getsth done使 让某事被别人所做 使某物遭受everyyear tomrememberstohavesomeflowerssenttohermotheronherbirthday mr smithhadhishousebrokenintowhilehewasawayonholiday havesth todo 有事情要做 在此结构中 不定式作定语 i msorry ican tgooutwithyou ihaveanurgentthingtosettle 用所给动词的适当形式填空1 free ourselvesfromthephysicalandmentaltensions weeachneeddeepthoughtandinnerquietness 2 ihopetotakethecomputercourese goodidea find outmoreaboutit visitthiswebsite 3 spend nearlyallourmoney wecouldn taffordtostayatahotel 4 work outthedifficultmathsproblem ihaveconsultedprofessorrussellseveraltimes 5 groupactivitieswillbeorganizedafterclass help childrendevelopteamspirit 6 spend thepastyearasanexchangestudentinhongkong lindaappearsmorematurethanthoseofherage 7 thelecture give alivelyquestion and answersessionfollowed 8 lastnight thereweremillionsofpeople watch theopeningceremonyliveontv 9 therearestillmanyproblems solve beforewearereadyforalongstayonthemoon 10 heisthought act foolishly nowhehasnoonebuthimselftoblameforlosingthejob 11 whenitcomesto speak inpublic noonecanmatchhim 12 it squitehottoday doyoufeellike go foraswim 13 thefilmstarwearssunglasses therefore hecangoshoppingwithout recognize 14 it sstandardpracticeforacompanylikethisone employ asecurityofficer 15 theroomisemptyexceptforabookshelf stand inonecorner 16 istoppedthecar take ashortbreakasiwasfeelingtired 17 eat atthecafeteriabefore tinadidn twanttoeatthereagain 18 letthoseinneed understand thatwewillgoallouttohelpthem 19 thewitnesses question bythepolicejustnowgaveverydifferentdescriptionsofthefight 20 not know whichuniversitytoattend thegirlaskedherteacherforadvice 21 theairport complete nextyearwillhelppromotetourisminthisarea 22 insomelanguages 100wordsmakeuphalfofallwords use indailyconversations 23 theymightjusthaveaplace leave onthewritingcourse whydon tyougiveitatry 24 thesunlightiswhiteandblinding throw hard edgedshadowsontheground 25 wheniwaslittle mymotherusedtositbymybed tell mestoriestillifellasleep 26 theenginejustwon tstart somethingseems go wrongwithit 27 hear howothersreacttothebookyouhavejustreadcreatesanaddedpleasure 28 therearesomehealthproblemsthat whennot treat intime canbecomebiggeroneslateron 答案1 tofree2 tofind3 havingspent4 towork5 tohelp6 havingspent7 havingbeengiven8 watching9 tobesolved10 tohaveacted11 speaking12 going13 beingrecognized14 toemploy15 standing16 totake17 havingeaten18 understand19 questioned20 knowing21 tobecompleted22 used23 left24 throwing25 telling26 tohavegone27 hearing28 treated 语篇填空 用所给单词的适当形式完成下列短文 freudwasoneofthefirstscientists1 make seriousresearchofthemind th