学术英语Introduction.docx

Theme: The present development situation of mobile games and forecast of its futureIntroduction: Since the 1950s, the development of video games, which has already set its own markets as well as its level of technology into a more advanced rank, still has a brilliant future. With the development of computer technology, the contents of video games have been enriched, special effects improved, thus game producers are so eager to explore other novel things that scripts, music and other relevant productions of games are accordingly created. As a result, after movie, video game is regarded as the ninth art in the world. In addition, economic benefits that game industries make are impressive. Tencent indicates that the profit which its games division made in 2013 was 1225 million dollars, taking up 44.6% of total earnings(1), and Chinese mobile games market gained 11.24 billion dollars in the first half year of 2014(2). Obviously, it is evident that video game is always an essential part in industry no matter when it is created. For personal interest and profession, our group decides to study one important part of video game: mobile game. At first, we will have a better understanding of the reason of mobile games rise by analyzing its operating model, then we use history of games to conclude its tendency of development, and we will draw a conclusion ultimately from what we have studied.Keyword: Mobile Game, craze for game in 20th century, moderns need, Angry Birds and Plants vs Zombies.MainI：The rise from electronic games to mobile gamesThere isnt an accurate statement about the birth of video games, but it is generally considered to originate from a game called Space War in the PDP-1, which was the first computer with a visual display in the world, in the small laboratory named MIT in 1962. Experiencing several stages of development such as the great upsurge and the fall of video game room, the replacement of living room entertainment equipment, the boom of portableproducts, the development of video game has been beyond peoples predictions and still evolves constantly, and now the influence of games reaches the top level in the world. The E3 game exhibition held in Los Angeles in the third week of May, attracts a great number of people from all over the world to participate each year. The number of exhibitors in 2014 was over 48900, they gathered together, not for anything else, but passion for the games. Therefore, what can make the electronic game experience the test of history and become an industry with such visual expressivity and economic benefits? After researching history of the game and exploring the industry, we summarize a number of reasons about these.(1) Creativity and Artistic EnjoymentVideo games are always full of original ideas and interesting content, which makes users enjoy a steady stream of freshness, so that game players tend to be attracted by electronic games. In addition, humans always take pleasure in trying new things, and video games are always full of fresh vitality and tideway, so nobody can refuse the vision about something new.Besides, with the rapid development of technology, the game screen is closer to reality and the music in game becomes more beautiful. In a manner of speaking, now a 3A computer game is completely comparable to a perfect Hollywood movie, which has the ability to show people a sense of the impact of the picture and the shock of the music, making people have an experience combination of technology and art.(2) Obtaining Satisfaction in the Virtual WorldVideo games create virtual worlds one by one where people are able to express their feelings casually, do whatever they want to do, enjoy the freedom, achieve the goals that cannot be finished in the real world and banish all troubles from their mind. For example, playing the Sims researched and developed by EA, you can play a variety of roles, engage in various occupations and achieve different goals in life. Whats more, sports games have become a trend, and it is worth making a show off of ourselves if we make great achievements in playing game. (3) Connecting Close with Advanced Technologies Video games are the best platform which can be used to test some advanced technologies. On the one hand, video games need new ways to be experienced, on the other hand, they need to adapt to continually changing equipments and new systems. Therefore, game developers always pay attention to the development of advanced technologies. Before people feel shocked by the Hollywood movie Avatar for its application of motion capture technology, CAPCOM company has planned to use this technology in their own game Devil May Cry; the Glasses-free 3D technology was earlier used in Nintendo 3DS gaming consoles rather than in 3D televisions, and the VR technology was initially for a better gaming experience and later increased more and more applications. Unlike some industries changing once a decade, the gaming industry change constantly with the progress of science and technology, so the games industry is always full of energy and vitality.The first mobile game, Snake, was published with the sales of Nokia 6110 in 1999. But mobile games didnt make great progress until the launch of IOS systems in 2007 and the emergences of intelligent smartphone operating systems such as Android in 2008, which even led to wilderness appearing in game domain. But this was not an ordinary field because smart phones developers exploited precious resources in this area, which completely changed status of mobile games. Within just six years, mobile games developed rapidly. Now there are lots of mobile games in every smart phone and mobile games become an indispensable part of our daily life. With the low threshold of mobile games development, fast propagation speed, easy profits and other advantages, mobile games create one after another legends in IT industry. However, the rise of mobile games depends more on players rather than game itself. Products cant have a ready market without great demands. Analyzing from the perspective of players, we conclude the following reasons:(1) Combinations of short cycle of playing games and pieces of timeWhen do we usually play mobile games? We usually play games when waiting without anything to do, and the waiting time is not too long such as taking a bus, waiting in line and other situations that we need occasionally stop. And it is not suitable to read or sleep, however the waiting time and short cycle of playing games hit it off beyond expectations and it is the best choice for people to spend 5 minutes playing mobile games to count our thumbs. Because of the busier and busier rhythm of life, mobile games seem to be peoples best choice. So when compared with other entertainment items, it seems to be more feasible to spend 5 minutes in games by clicking on the game icons.(2) Payment model about Value-Added GamesMobile games are different from traditional electric games, and mobile games are free, but the properties are rechargeable. Users can download mobile games for free and play games, but if users desire to get richer experiences, they should pay. Traditional electrical games are marked the specific prices when they are on sell, but mobile games arent. If players are willing to spend money, its free for players to spend nothing or spend 100RMB on games. Besides, modern people are more confident of their own real feelings rather than advertisements. Players cant judge correctly whether it is suitable for them to play this kind of games only by reading the introduction of the games. Game developers take advantage of peoples state of trying playing mind and tempt players into playing, which leads those players addict to games. In order to make players purchase properties, game developers increase game levels and difficulty factors deliberately. Before players come to realize the truth, they have spent considerable funds on games, however they are reluctant to give up so that they spend more and more money, just like falling in swamps and sinking deeper and deeper. Although now mobile phone market is large and develops rapidly, market demand is not infinite. Once mobile games market demand will be fulfilled and the supply will exceed the demand, which will cause a devastating disaster in the mobile games market.II：The revelation of Ataris declineAtari Shock in 1983 is a good instance. Atari,a companymanufacturing games in USA,developed both hardware and software,kept up with the boomin 1970s and therefore became the largestgame manufacturers in the world. However the giant ruined itself just for the sake of a poor-quality product, which is known as Atari Shock. It resulted from a game which adapted from a famous film ET which gained worldwide popularity with science fiction at that time. Deep-pocketed Atari decided ambitiously to earn profits from it, so they spent a large amount of money in buying ETs copyright and advertising, leading to a trash as the fact that the devotion and investment to the game was cut down and the makers were left only five weeks to develop. In fact, quite a few companies fancied the profit of game industry. Therefore, even if having no experience, these businesses still invested so heavily in manufacture that created a great number of useless 1.5 inch medal components, trying to overwhelmed quality by numbers. However, consumers are not stupid. They would not buy those games that are not worthy to play. Consumers confidence and patience to games had been already run out. But ET, as a work introduced sincerely by Atari which is the largest game company in the world, was terrible too. As a consequence, consumers lost their hope totally, Atari, as a fuse, ultimately caused the chain reaction of a crash of video game industry. The huge loss by selling ET resulted in the bankruptcy of Atari and the consequence that thousands of game products failed to be sold, but sent to the dump instead. With the decline of Atari, gameindustry came across the hardest period in game history. It seems that peoplethinkelectronic games would not appear again. Now the mobile game markets condition is similar to those years, excessively fast development, games excess and new works come out every day, but how many games can exist in peoples phones and how many games can have special ideas but not copy or imitate？The number is few. Investors who are blinded by others successful case continue to invest a great number of boring games in order to earn something from the game market. The whole market is in a mess and the game qualities are uneven. Though the market does not have saturation obviously, it tends to decline. Although having no trend to break out extensive crash, it has a hidden danger. There is no doubt that the mobile game market will break down if it keeps developing in this way. 30 years ago, when electronic game was regarded to be in extinction, Nintendo saved the whole industry. Nonetheless, if there is a crash in mobile game market, who can guarantee there will be a savior? From Atari we get the point that economy is supposed to follow the rule of market no matter which model it is in. A thought of seeking quick success may bringshort-term benefits, but it will destroy the brightfuture.The game industryshould be a vibrant andcreative rather than occupied by a group of businessmen with “successful” case in market production.Finally,we should pay a closed attention tosocialtrends.Asmoviesproduced in different era have different content, so does game industry. Itmust keepcontacts with the times and continuous innovation tomeet the needs of users,for expanding the marketto increase capacitybut notsqueeze themarketvalue.III：Summary: The Developmental Trend of Mobile GamesFrom the analysis and research above, there are three possibilities of the development of the Mobile Games Market when taking the current market situation and the direction of science and technology into account:(1) Repeat the Ataris FailureIf Mobile Games market has not been redressed and the number of all kinds of crap games would increase so fast likecancer cells that the market would collapse. Although it will not cause as great loss as the Atari event did, it will destroy the bright future of the Mobile Games. It is not just the Mobile Games that targeting the market while all kinds of the mobile phone apps also contend for the smart-phone market. Once Mobile Games suffered a great impact, then other mobile phone apps would seize the opportunity to grab market share, which would be difficult for Mobile Games to stage a comeback, and consequently return to the edge of the video-games industry.(2) Keep developingbutthe influence is limitedMobile Games market may not develop as what we think. Even if the market is saturated, no amount of garbage Mobile Games will cause the market crash. After all, its development model is doomed to have limited influence. So even if there is a crash, the scale of the disaster will not be too large. However, limited influence is predestined to have a competitive disadvantage due to the increasing intense of competition. Since the April 21st, 2014 China has lifted the restriction on games, there would be a large number of outstanding foreign works sweeping into the domestic market, which means that Mobile Games would en