英语人教版八年级下册Unit 8 SectionB 3a-shelf-check.doc

Unit 8 Have you read Treasure Island yet?重点词组grow up 成长，长大at least 至少来源:21世纪教育网be due 到期、期满 cut down 砍倒 try to do 努力做某事、尽力做某事think about 考虑、认为 21世纪教育网21book report 读书笔记来源:21世纪教育网cant wait to do 等不及做某事wake up 醒来the number of 的数量used to do 过去常常做fight over 为争吵study abroad 留学be full of 充满的ever since then 从那以后belong to 属于bring back 带回each other 互相、彼此do some research on 做某方面的一些调查hope to do sth. 希望做某事小试牛刀O(_)O让我们试试中文译英文吧！这张票下周就到期了。 _学生们的数量很庞大。 _这个公园属于政府。 _瓶子里装满了水。 _我们应该互相帮助。 _重点句型1. The book report is due in two weeks.due adj. 到期的、期满的；应付的、应得的How much is still due on your car? 你买的小轿车还应付多少钱？due to 由于、因为；归功于Due to your kindness, I can do what I really would like to do.2. Who else is on my island?else（其他的，别的），修饰复合不定代词或者特殊疑问词，并放其后 例：别的什么_ _ 其他的人_ _ 别的东西 _ _ 没有别的东西_ _ 3. One of them died but the other ran towards my Onethe other一个.另一个.I have two pens. One is red, the other is blue. other adj. （后面必须+名词，如：other people, other books.） the other （两者中的另一个，用数学数字可以表示为：） others 泛指其他的，无明确范围常用于句型：Somesomeothers（一些一些另一些）There are many people in the park. Some are play chess, some are walking, others are running. 21*cnjy*com the others 剩余的全部，有范围 There are forty students in my class. Only Tom is studying in the classroom. The others are playing on the playground.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】 another 泛指另一个（范围：3）There are many apples in the basket. I have eaten one, but now I want to eat another one.4. When Sarah was a teenager, she used to fight over almost everything with her family.used to do 过去常常做某事be used to doing 习惯于做某事be used to do 被用作笔是被用来写字的。我爸以前常用毛笔写字，但是现在他已经习惯于用钢笔写字了。_5. It reminds us that the best things in life are freelaughter, friends, family, and the beauty of nature and the countryside.21世纪教育网版权所有It reminds sb that这使某人想起Remind sb. Of sth. 提醒某人某事翻译句子：这张照片使我想起我的童年。重点语法现在完成时：现在完成时表示事情发生在“过去”，并一直持续到“现在”。如：He has not passed the driving test yet. 他还没通过驾照考试。We havent seen the film. 我们还没看过那部电影。1. 常见标志词现在完成时常和already，just，yet，ever，never，once，twice，since，for连用。2. 基本结构现在完成时的动词结构是：have/has + 动词的过去分词。 Have doneHas done用法除了第三人称单数的所有人称第三人称单数肯定式We have finished our homework.She has gone home.否定式We havent finished our homework.She hasnt gone home.疑问式Have you finished your homework?Has she gone home?简略回答Yes，we have. / No，we havent.Yes，she has. / No，she hasnt.动词的过去分词与动词的过去式的变化规律基本相同：情况构成规则举例一般的动词在词尾加 edworkworked， startstarted以不发音的字母e结尾的动词在词尾加 dlivelived以“辅音字母+字母y”结尾的动词改词尾的y为 iedstudystudied， crycried重读闭音节结尾单词 双写词尾的辅音字母，再加 edstopstopped， dropdropped特殊变化没有统一的规则（见课本后表格）现在完成时的基本用法（1）现在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生过或完成的动作或状态，但其结果却和现在有联系，也就是说，动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在。 如：I have lost my wallet.(含义是：现在我没有钱花了。) Jane has laid the table.(含义是：已可以吃饭了。) Michael has been ill.(含义是：现在仍然很虚弱。) He has returned from abroad. (含义是：现在已在此地。) （2）现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的、持续到现在的情况，常与for， since连用。如：Mary has been ill for three days. (含义是：现在还处于生病状态。)I have lived here since 1998. (含义是：现在还住在这里。)（3）现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用，如already，yet，just，before，recently，still， lately等。21cnjy如：He has already obtained a scholarship. I havent seen much of him recently (lately). We have seen that film before. Have they found the missing child yet? （4）现在完成时常常与表示频度的时间状语连用，如often，sometimes，ever，never，twice，on several occasions等。21教育网如：Have you ever been to Beijing? I have never heard Bunny say anything against her. 21世纪*教育网I have used this pen only three times. It is still good. www-2-1-cnjy-comGeorge has met that gentleman on several occasions. 【出处：21教育名师】（5）现在完成时还往往可以同包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用，如now，up to these few days/weeks/months/years，this morning/week/month/year，now，just，today，up to present，so far等。 【版权所有：21教育】如：Peter has written six papers so far. There has been too much rain in San Francisco this year. 21教育名师原创作品Up to the present everything has been successful. 21*cnjy*com（6）现在完成时表示现在之前已完成的动作，虽然其效果或影响仍然存在但已不再继续，但是有一些现在完成时的句子，在后面加上for+一段时间，则现在完成时的动作就表示延续性。如：Thomas has studied Russian. (现在不再学俄语。) Thomas has studied Russian for three years. =Thomas began to study Russian three years ago， and is still studying it now. have/has been to 、 have/has gone to、have/has been in 的区别：have/has been to表示某人曾经到过某地，人已经回来。如：Have you ever been to Beijing? 你曾经去过北京吗？I have been to Shanghai twice. 我去过上海两次。（曾经去过，但现在已回。）have/has gone to表示某人已经去了某地，人不在本地，不在说话的地方，或许在往返的途中。如：Mr. Li has gone to Japan. You cant find him. 李先生已经去了日本。你找不到他的。Our teacher has gone home. 老师已经回家了。have/has been in指的是去某地同时待了一段时间如：I ve been in UK for a month. 现在完成时的句子，谓语何时用瞬间动词、何时用延续动词：英语中，动词按其动作发生的方式、动作发生过程的长短，可分为延续性动词和瞬间性动词。延续性动词表示能够延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久影响。如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。延续性动词的用法特征（1）延续性动词可以用于现在完成时，其完成时态可与表示“段时间”的状语连用。表示“段时间”的短语有：for two years, during the past three years, since last year, how long等。如：I have learned English since I came here.自从我来到这儿就学英语了。（2）延续性动词不能与表示短暂时间的“点时间”状语连用。如：It rained at eight yesterday morning.(误) rain为延续性动词，而at eight表示“点时间”，前后显然矛盾。如果用延续性动词表示瞬间的动作，可以借助come, begin, get等瞬间性动词来表示。上句可改为：It began to rain at eight yesterday morning.(正)又如：-When did you get to know Jack? -Two years ago.-Then youve known each other for more than two years.2-1-c-n-j-y-Thats right.延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换1. 动词变为动词：buy have, borrow keep2. 变为“be+adj./adv.”： beginbe on, close/openbe closed/open, diebe dead, finishbe overget upbe up, marrybe married, gobe off, comebe here,returnbe back, arrivebe here.3. 变为“be+介词短语”：come/gobe in/at, joinbe in(或“be+成员”), put onwear(或be in)如：I came to this school ten years ago.I have been in this school for ten years.Ten years has passed since I came to this school.It is ten years since I came to this school.专项练习：单选：1. You dont need to describe her. I her several times.A. had metB. have metC. metD. meet2. Mike several places since he came to Beijing.A. will visit B. has visited C. is visiting D. visited3. -Mum, may I go out and play basketball? - you your homework yet?A. Do, doB. Are, doingC. Did, doD. Have, done4. Mr. Li isnt here. He to England.A. has beenB. have beenC. has goneD. have gone5. -Where is Mr. Morgan？ -He _ to the station. Hell be back in an hour.A. goes B. go C. has gone D. will go 6. David _Shanghai for more than three months.A. went to B. has been to C. has been in D. has gone to选择适当的词语填空1. How long can I the book? (borrow, keep) 2. I came home she was cooking dinner. (What, When)3. She has the beautiful coat for three days. (put on, worn)4. They had here for two hours. (arrived, been)5. She has in this company for ten years. (come, been)综合练习题一、 单选： 1. My shoe is here, but where is _? A. the others B. the other C. another one D. other 2. Do you have _to say?A. anything other B. something else C. else anything D. anything else 3. How long have you _here? A. come B. arrived. C. got D. been 4. Hurry up, your mother is waiting _the bus stop _you. A. for, at B. at, with C. at, for D. for, at 5.He is not at home, he has _ Jiefangbei. A. been to B. go to C. gone to D. been in 6.She _in Chongqing 5 days ago, she has_ in Chongqing for 5 days. A.arrived,arrived B.been,arrived C. arrived,been D.got, been 7.His grandpa_since 2000. A.died B.has been deaded C.has been dead D.has die8. This party _ me _ _ fun with my friends last summer vacation in Italy. A. reminds, about, have B. reminded, of, having【来源：21世纪教育网】 C. reminded, of, have D. reminds, about, having9.These farmers have been to the United States .Really? When _ there? A. will they goB. did they goC. do they goD. have they gone21世纪教育网10. _ you _ your homework yet ? Yes. I _ it a moment ago.A. Did; do; finished B. Ha