选修六 unit5 Vocabulary study.doc

Unit5 Word study1.volcano n.pl. volcanoesan active volcano 活火山an extinct volcano 死火山a dormant volcano休眠火山知识拓展火山学 volcanology -logy: “ 学/论。” oceanology 火山学家 volcanologist -ist “学家 ” pianist physicist2erupt(P33)【原句再现】It shows a volcano erupting.它展示了一次火山爆发。erupt vi. 突然发生，爆发；火山爆发(1)Mount Vesuvius hasnt erupted for a good many years.维苏维火山已有很多年没有爆发了。(2)His face erupted in pimples.他的脸上长出了很多粉刺。(3)Violence erupted after the football match.足球赛后发生了暴力行为。【知识链接】erupt into laughter/shouting/crying 突然大笑/叫喊/大哭起来 同根词 eruption n火山爆发；(战争等)爆发练习：(1)汉译英：Todd常常会莫名其妙地大笑起来。(2)选择正确答案：A lot of lava had _ from the volcano to bury the entire village. Aerupted Bgiven out Cburst out Dsprung upSuggested answers：(1)Todd often erupts into laughter without any reason.(2)A3alongside(P34)【原句再现】I travel to unusual places and work alongside people from all over the world.我跑的地方是罕见奇特的地方，和我一道工作的人来自世界各地。 alongside prep.沿着的边；在旁边 adv.在旁边，沿着边 The boat pulled up alongside the dock.那条船在码头旁停靠。He caught up with me and walked alongside.他赶上我和我并肩走。 The police car pulled up _.AalongBalongsideCbesideDsidelineSuggested answer：B4equipment(P34)【原句再现】.sometimes using scientific equipment and sometimes meeting local people and tourists，I am never bored.有时工作中要用科学仪器，有时要会见当地百姓和旅游人士，我从来不感到工作烦人。equipment 是不可数名词，意为“设备，装备”。 The equipment has all been fieldtested.这些设备都已经实地实验过了。The equipment of the photographic studio was expensive.这个摄影室的装备花费巨大。【知识链接】a piece of equipment 一件设备equip v. 配备；装备equip sb.with sth.给某人装备上某物练习 (1)Sports equipment _ in great need.Ais Bare Cwere Dhad been (2)他具有丰富的教学经验。He _ _ _ much experience in teaching.Suggested answers：(1)A(2)is equipped with5appoint(P34)【原句再现】I was appointed as a volcanologist working for the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory(HVO)twenty years ago.作为一名火山学家，我被派到夏威夷火山观测站(HVO)工作。appoint vt.任命；委派；指定，约定appoint sb.(to be/as).任命某人做appoint sb.to sth./be appointed to 挑选某人做某工作They appointed Mr Smith(to be/as)manager.他们任命史密斯先生做经理。He was appointed to the vacant post.他被委派填补那个空缺。They appointed a place to exchange stamps.他们约定了一个地方交换邮票。make an appointment with sb.to do sth.与某人约定去做某事I made an appointment with my friend to see a film this weekend.我和朋友约定了这个周末去看电影。 He had a talent for music and was _ conductor of the Shanghai Symphony Orchestra （上海交响乐团）at the age of 30.Aassigned Bappointed Cnamed DhonoredSuggested answer：B6evaluate(P34)【原句再现】Having collected and evaluated the information.收集和评估了这些信息之后evaluate v评估，评价，估计；鉴定(1)I cant evaluate his ability without seeing his work.没有看到他的工作情况，我无法评价他的能力。(2)You should evaluate your chances of success before making a decision.做出决定之前，你应该估计成功的几率。(3)The new drug is being evaluated in clinical trials.新药正在临床实验鉴定中。【知识链接】evaluation n. 评价，估价练习(1)Its impossible _these results without knowing more about the research method.(用evaluate的适当形式填空)(2)Tom attempted an honest _of his own life.(用evaluate的适当形式填空)(3)The research project has only been under way for three months，so its too early to _ its success. Aevaluate Bestimate Cvalue DweighSuggested answers：(1)to evaluate (2)evaluation(3)A7burn to the ground(P34)【原句再现】Unfortunately，we cannot move their homes out of the way，and many houses have been covered with lava or burned_to_the_ground.遗憾的是，我们不可能把他们的家搬离岩浆流过的地方，许多房屋被熔岩淹没或者焚烧殆尽。(be) burn(ed) to the ground(楼房等)被烧毁/被焚烧殆尽The whole city was burned to the ground./The whole city burned to the ground.整座城市都被烧光了。【知识链接】(1)burn v. 燃烧，着火，烫伤，发光The soup was so hot that it burned my mouth.这汤很热，烫伤了我的嘴。 The sun burns bright in the sky.太阳在天空中明亮地照耀着。Dry wood burns easily.干柴易燃。(2)burn.to death 把烧死(3)burn off 烧掉某物(4)burn down 把烧成平地；渐渐烧完(5)burn up 烧掉；烧起来，旺起来(6)burn away 逐渐烧掉(7)burn out 烧光，烧完【即景活用】用burn构成的词组填空(1)He _ all the old letters.(2In the accident，two of the workers _.(3)The building was _ and only ashes were left.Suggested answers：(1)burnt up(2)were burnt to death(3)burnt down8wave(P34)【原句再现】The lava that flows slowly like a wave down the mountain causes far more damage because it buries everything in its path under the molten rock.像波浪一样顺着山坡缓慢下流的火山熔岩所造成的损失大得多，因为火山岩浆所流经的地方，一切东西都被掩埋在熔岩下面了。wave n波浪；波涛vi.& vt.波动；起伏；挥手Huge waves were breaking on the shore.巨浪拍打着海岸。The flag waved in the breeze.旗子在微风中飘扬。Why did you wave at him?你为什么向他挥手？Mary waved me a greeting.玛丽挥手与我打招呼。I showed my pass to the guard and he waved me through.我向卫兵出示了我的通行证，他挥手让我过去。9absolutely(P34)【原句再现】It was an absolutely fantastic sight.这真是绝妙的奇景。absolutely adv. 绝对地，完全地；正是，当然，对极了(常用于口语中)；极其，非常(1)Its absolutely impossible.这是绝对不可能的。(2)He did absolutely no work at all.他简直什么都没干。(3)Dont you agree？你不同意吗？Oh，absolutely! 奥，当然同意！(4)Kate is absolutely frightened of the tiger.凯特极其害怕老虎。【知识链接】absolute adj. 意为“纯粹的，完全的，绝对的”，没有比较级；不能被very修饰，但是可以用nearly修饰。练习Do you agree with me?_. AVery absolutely BRather absolutely CNearly absolutely DNo absolutely10suit(P34)【原句再现】 We had white protective suits that covered our whole body，helmets，big boots and special gloves.我们都穿着白色的防护服遮住全身，戴上了头盔和特别的手套，还穿了一双大靴子。 suit n一套外衣，套装；v.适合；对某人方便；(尤指服装，颜色等)相配，合身；适宜；有利于；自便；随便(1)Li Hua bought a business suit in the supermarket last night.昨天晚上李华在超市买了一套公务服装。(2)Choose a computer to suit your particular needs.选一台适合你自个儿需要的电脑。(3)If we met at 8，would that suit you?我们八点钟见面，你方便吗？(4)I dont think this coat really suits you.我觉得这件大衣不大适合你穿。(5)This hot weather doesnt suit me.天这么热，我真受不了。(6)I will stay in this evening.今晚我就不出去了。Suit yourself.随你的便。【知识链接】 suitable adj. 合适的；适宜的 11.make ones way(P35)【原句再现】It was not easy to walk in these suits，but we slowly made_our_way to the edge of the crater and looked down into the red，boiling centre.穿着这些衣服走起路来很不容易，但我们还是缓缓往火山口的边缘走去，并且向下看到了红红的沸腾的中央。make ones way意思是“向前，前往；获得成功；挤出一条路”，后面常常接to或towards。(1)He made his way towards the museum.他向博物馆走去。(2)Ham began to make his way in politics.汉姆逐渐在政界有所建树。(3)The police made their way in the crowd.警察在人群中挤出一条路。【知识链接】make way (for)(为)让路；让位feel ones way(在黑暗中)摸索着走find ones way 找到出路，设法到达 lose ones way 迷路push ones way 跻身前行by the way 顺便说说，顺便提起in the way 当道，碍事on the /ones way to在去.的路上fight ones way奋勇前进 wind ones /its way蜿蜒前进12potential(P35)【原句再现】 Having studied volcanoes now for many years，I am still amazed at their beauty as well as their potential to cause great damage.虽然我从事火山研究很多年了，但是我对火山的壮丽景色以及它们那潜在的巨大破坏力至今仍然感到惊愕不已。potential n. 意为“潜能；潜力；潜在性；可能性”，后常接介词for；adj. 意为“潜在的；有可能的”，常作定语。 (1)She has artistic potential as an artist.她有做艺术家的潜质。 (2)He studied the German market to find the potential there for profitable investment.他对德国的市场进行了研究以寻求投资获利的可能性。 (3)The book is arguably a potential best seller.这本书或可成为一本畅销书。 (4)This is a machine with several potential uses.这是一台具有多种潜在功能的机器。 People who dont smoke have less _ of suffering from lung cancer than those who do so.Apotential Bcause Chope DchoiceSuggested answer：A13actual(P35)【原句再现】 Why is the lava that flows on Mount Kilauea more dangerous than the actual eruption? 为什么在基拉韦厄火山上流淌的火山熔岩比实际的火山爆发更危险？ actual adj. 真实的；实际的(强调事情最重要的部分)；真正的；本身 in actual factreally (1)The actual cost was much higher than we had expected.实际成本比我们预计的要高得多。 (2)Tom looks younger than his wife but in actual fact he is several years older.汤姆看起来比他妻子年轻，但实际上他比妻子大好几岁。 (3)The wedding preparations take weeks but the actual ceremony takes less than an hour.准备婚礼要几周，而婚礼仪式本身还不到一小时。 What were his actual words？他实际上是怎么说的？14.unconscious不省人事的，失去知觉的He was knocked unconscious by a falling rock.Be unconscious of 未意识到的，不知道的He was quite unconscious of having offended them.他完全没有意识到已经得罪了他们。15.anxious adj 忧虑的，不安的，担心的;渴望，急切希望的（for/about);I was terribly anxious about the children when they didnt come home from school.He was anxious for them to go.他急于要他们离开。16.panicn.恐慌，惊慌She got into a panic when she thought she had forgotten the tickets.她想起忘了带入场卷，顿时惊慌起来。The audience were thrown into a panic when the fire started.发生火灾的时候观众顿时陷入一片慌乱。V (使）恐慌Dont panic.The crowd panicked at the sound of the explosion.The thunder panicked the hourses.17.vary呈现不同 ；改变，变化:My husband varies the vegetables he plantseach year.我的丈夫每年都种不同的蔬菜。vary fromto 由到不等；从变为 :These fish vary in price from 3 to 5.这些鱼的价格从3镑到5镑不等。Her mood varied from optimism to extreme depression.她的情绪由乐观一变而极为消沉。variety(质量，种类或特征的)变化：You need a lot of variety in your diet.你的膳食要多样化种类，品种：different varietes of bananas不同品种的香蕉18.diversity n. 变化多样，多样性 (相当variety)The plants of Asia show a great diversity of form. 亚洲的植物形态多种多样。There must be a diversity of opinions. (对此)准是众说纷纭。19.guaranteen 保证书，保证；担保The radio has a two-year guarantee.这台收音机有两年的保修期。The car is less than one year old and therefore still under guarantee.Can you give me your guarantee that the goods will be delivered before Friday?Clear skies are no guarantee of continued fine weather.晴朗的天空不能保证会继续天晴。v保证，担保；允诺The manufactures guarantee the watch for three years.制造商对这种手表保用三年They have guaranteed that any faulty parts will be replaced free of charge.Our products are guaranteed to last for years.我们的产品保证经久耐用。They have guaranteed delivery within 3 days.他们允诺在三天内交货。Go and see that play-I guarantee （that)you will enjoy it.Sentence focus1Having collected and evaluated the information，I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast.(P34)收集和评估了这些信息之后，我就帮助其他科学家一起预测下次火山熔岩将往何处流去，流速是多少。Having collected and evaluated the information是现在分词短语，在句中用作时间状语，相当于一个由when 引导的时间状语从句When I have collected and evaluated the in