裕兴新概念英语第二册笔记 第81课.doc

Lesson 81 Escape 脱逃【New words and expressions】（14）prisoner n. 囚犯 bush n. 灌木丛rapidly adv. 迅速地 uniform n. 制服rifle n. 来福枪，步枪 shoulder n. 肩march v. 行进 boldly adv. 大胆地blaze v. 闪耀 salute v. 行礼elderly adj. 上了年纪的 grey adj. 灰白的sharp adj. 猛烈的 blow n. 打击一單詞講解： prisoner （1） n. 囚犯 jailbird （2） n. 俘虜POW：a prisoner of war 戰俘eg：They were taken prisoner . 他們被俘prison 監牢、監獄 （jail） be in prison be in jail 坐牢 break prison break jail 越獄behind bard 在獄中 bush n. 灌木丛（比tree低而且多枝） shrub 灌木叢 ； a rose bush 薔薇叢beat around the bush beat about the bush 繞彎子說話，轉彎抹角地說話beat the bush 到處搜尋 ； bushy adj. 灌木叢生的；茂密的 rapidly adv. 迅速地 （反義詞slowly） speak rapidly 迅速地說 ； speak more rapidly更迅速地說rapid （1） adj. 迅速的（反義詞slow） more rapid most rapid（2） adj. 快速的 、敏捷的a rapid stream 急流 ； a rapid worker 工作快速的人eg：He took a rapid glance at me . 他快速的看了我一眼。eg：Rapid progress was made . 進步很快。eg：Her thinking was rapid . 她的腦筋反應很靈敏。rapids n. 急流rapidity n. 迅速、速度 ； with rapidity 非常迅速地with astonishing rapidity 以驚人的速度 uniform （1） n. 制服a school uniform 校服 ； in uniform 穿著制服out of uniform 穿著便服eg：All the students must wear uniforms at our school. 在我們的學校所有學生必須穿校服（2） adj. 相同的、同行的a row of uniform buildings 一排相同的的建築eg：The boxes are uniform in weight. 相同重量的箱子（3）adj. 不變的、一定的walk at a uniform pace 以一定的步伐走路 rifle n. 来福枪，步枪hunting rifle 獵槍 、猟銃 ； trigger 扳機barrel 桶；筒，槍(或炮)管 ； gun 槍，炮machine gun 機關槍 ； pistol 手槍hold a pistol to a persons head （人）脅 shoulder （1） n. 肩膀sloping shoulder斜肩 ； square shoulder平肩eg：She looked over her shoulder . 她回過頭向後看。shoulders 雙肩eg：Take the responsibility on your shoulders . 你要自己負起責任來。eg：My sons finding employment took a load off my shoulders . 我的兒子找到工作卸下我肩上的擔子。（2） 肩部、路肩、肩the shoulder of a mountain 山肩the shoulder of a vase 花瓶的肩部cry on ones shoulder向某人哭訴give someone the shoulder 冷淡地對待某人shoulder to shoulder 肩並肩shrug ones shoulders 聳肩 march （1）v. 行进、進軍eg：The troop marched along the street . 部隊沿著街道行進eg：The mayor marched at the head of the parade . 市長走在遊行隊伍的前頭。（2） n. 行進、進軍a days march 一日行軍； a line of march 行軍路線（3） n. 音樂進行曲a wedding march 婚禮進行曲a death march 送葬曲、哀樂 a funeral march葬禮進行曲（4） n. 發展、進展the march of science 科學的進步 ； the march of time 時間流逝March 3 月 （遊羅馬神話中戰神mars 之月而來） boldly adv. 大胆地、厚顏無恥bold （1） adj. 大膽的、不知害怕的、有勇氣的coward adj. 膽怯的、怯懦的timid adj. 膽怯的、羞怯的a bold idea 大膽的想法 ； a very bold action 大膽的行動bold to do sth 膽敢做某事It is bold of sb to do sth 某人真大膽，竟然敢做eg：Youre bold to climb that mountain alone . It is bold of you to climb that mountain alone .你真大膽竟敢獨自去爬那座山（2）adj. （女性） 厚顏無恥、冒失的eg：What a bold woman she is ！多麼厚顏無恥的女人！（3） adj. 筆畫粗的the bold outline of a mountain 山脈清楚的輪廓as bold as brass 極其厚顏無恥的 blaze （1）v. 燃燒、冒火焰eg：The fire blazed all day . 火燒了一整天 。eg：The noon sun blazed in the sky . 中午的太陽在天空中閃耀（2）v. 發怒、激怒eg：He was blazing with anger. 他怒火中燒。（3） n. 火焰、火苗eg：The fire burst into a blaze . 火燒得通紅。eg：She was rescued from the blaze. 她被從大火中救出。blazing adj. 炎熱的 a blazing sun 炙熱的太陽blazer 色彩鮮豔的運動上衣 、顏色鮮明的運動夾克 、燃燒體;發光體 salute （1） v. 行礼、敬禮、問候或歡迎salute the flag 向旗幟敬禮（2） n. 敬禮 give a salute 敬禮eg：The officer returned the sergeants salute . 軍官向中士還了禮. salutation .sljutein n. 招呼, 致敬, 問候 n. (信函開頭)稱呼語 elderly adj. 上了年纪的an elderly gentleman 上了年紀的紳士elder 年紀較長的、年長的 older（美）ones elder brother / sister an elder son 年紀較長的兒子 grey （1） adj. 灰白的（gray） eg：She has gray eyes . 她有灰色的眼睛（2） adj.（頭髮） 灰白的 go gray grow gray 白髪（3） adj. 陰暗的、微暗的eg：His future is gray . 他的未來是陰暗的gray weather 陰天 ；gray matter （口） 智力、頭腦 gray beard （深謀遠慮的） 老人 ； grey-haired 白髮蒼蒼 sharp （1） adj. 猛烈的、極劇的、凜冽的eg：He was attacked by a sharp pain in his stomach . 他感到胃部劇痛。a sharp wind 刺骨的寒風（2） adj.（刀口等） 鋒利的、銳利的 （反義詞blunt , dull） a sharp knife 鋒利的刀（3） adj. 呈銳角的、陡的eg：He made a sharp turn to the right . 他向右急轉（4） adj. 尖酸、刻薄的sharp words n. 忿怒的話(激動的話) ； a sharp tongue言語尖刻（5） adj. 敏銳的、靈敏的、聰明的、狡猾的反義詞 dull eg：Dogs have sharp ears . 狗有敏銳的耳朵a sharp politician 精明的政治家clever gifted 有天分的； clever talented 有才能的clever smart 伶俐的； clever sharp 精明的clever inventive 有發明才能的； clever creative 有創造力的clever resourceful 善於臨機應變的sharpen. V. 削尖、使變尖銳的sharpen a pencil with a knife 用刀子削一削鉛筆sharp-eyed adj. 洞察力敏銳的sharply adv. blow （1） n. 打击、毆打eg：He gave me a blow on the head . 他打在我頭上 He struck me a blow on the head .eg：I got such a blow that I fell down. 我被重重一擊而倒下。（2） n. 精神上的打擊、震撼eg：My fathers death was a great blow to me . 我父親的死對我是一個很大的打擊。without striking s blow 不費吹灰之力 ； with one blow 一拳、一擊（3） v.吹、刮 blow blew blown eg：It is blowing hard today . 今天風大eg：The wind blew from the north . 刮北風（4） v.（風） 吹動、被風吹動eg：The wind has blown my hat off . 風把我的帽子刮走了。eg：The old tree was blown down . 這棵老樹被強風吹倒。eg：The door blew open . 門被吹開了。 eg：The door blew shut . 門吹得關上了eg：The curtain blew in the wind . 窗簾在風中飄動 。（5） v. 吹氣eg：He blew on the soup to cool it . eg：She blew on her cold hands . 她吹著她冰冷的雙手。blow up爆炸，(被)炸飛；充氣；大發脾氣，大怒blow out 吹滅(突然爆裂, 吹脹, 突然冒出, 燒斷)blow out a candle 吹滅蠟燭二Key structures： 介詞at , in , to , with , into 等用法用介詞填空，完成段落：（1）When he had killed the guard , the prisoner of war quickly dragged him into the bushes . Working rapidly in the darkness , he soon chafed into the dead mans clothes . Now, dressed in a blue uniform and with a rifle over his shoulder , the prisoner marched boldly up and down in front of the camp . He could hear shouting in the camp itself.那个战俘杀死卫兵以后，迅速地把尸拖进了灌木丛。他在黑暗中忙活了一阵儿，很快就换上了死者的衣服。现在他身穿蓝军装，肩扛步枪，在军营门前大胆地来回走看。他听得军营里面的喧闹声。（2）At that moment , a large black car with four officers inside it , stopped at the camp gates . The officers got out and the prisoner stood to attention .正在此时，一辆黑色大轿车在军营门口停了下来。里面坐了4个军官。军官们下了车，战俘立正站好，并在他们从他面前经过时敬了礼。（3）He was rather elderly with gray hair and clear blue eyes .他上了年纪，有着灰白的头发和明亮的蓝眼睛。（4） As the man came near , the prisoner knocked him to the ground with a sharp blow . Then , jumping into the car , he drove off as quickly as he could .当这个人走近时，战俘一拳把他打倒在地，然后跳进车里，以最快的速度把车开走了。【Text】Why did the prisoner attack the driver? When he had killed the guard, the prisoner of war quickly dragged him into the bushes. Working rapidly in the darkness, he soon changed into the dead mans clothes. Now, dressed in a blue uniform and with a rifle over his shoulder, the prisoner marched boldly up and down in front of the camp. He could hear shouting in the camp itself. Lights were blazing and men were running here and there: they had just discovered that a prisoner had escaped. At that moment, a large black car with four officers inside it, stopped at the camp gates. The officers got out and the prisoner stood to attention and saluted as they passed. When they had gone, the driver of the car came towards him. The man obviously wanted to talk. He was rather elderly with grey hair and clear blue eyes. The prisoner felt sorry for him, but there was nothing else he could do. As the man came near, the prisoner knocked him to the ground with a sharp blow. Then, jumping into the car, he drove off as quickly as he could.三課文講解： When he had killed the guard, the prisoner of war quickly dragged him into the bushes.那个战俘杀死卫兵以后，迅速地把尸体拖进了灌木丛。 drag into 拖進eg：We dragged the carpet out of the room.eg：He dragged the table into the corner.Working rapidly in the darkness, he soon changed into the dead mans clothes.他在黑暗中忙活了一阵儿，很快就换上了死者的衣服。change into 換（衣服） eg：He changed out of his suit into jeans .change for eg：Id like to change this dress for another .for a change 換個口味clothes 衣服，服裝 （pl.） put on ones clothes 穿衣服 ； take off ones clothes 脫衣 in ones best clothes 穿著盛裝eg：Fine clothes make the man . 馬靠鞍裝人靠衣裳。clothing 衣著、服裝集合名詞，指做單數，示區別於其他事物的抽象概念。food , clothing and shelter 衣食住行 shelter elt n.掩蔽處；住所；保護 vt.庇護 vi.躲避eg：You should give all this old clothing away .cloth （u） 布（料） ； （c）某種用途的布eg：I wanted to have a suit made so I bought three and a half yards of cloth .我想做一套西服因此買了三碼半的布料。 Now, dressed in a blue uniform and with a rifle over his shoulder, the prisoner marched boldly up and down in front of the camp.现在他身穿蓝军装，肩扛步枪，在军营门前大胆地来回走看。 dressed in a blue uniform 身穿藍軍裝 with a rifle over his shoulder . 肩扛步槍 up and down（1）上上下下eg：The boys went up and down the stone steps. 男孩子們在石階上上下下走著。（2） 來來去去eg：He restlessly walked up and down the hall. 他不安地在大廳走來走去。eg：She wandered up and down the street . 她在馬路上來回的溜躂。He could hear shouting in the camp itself.他听得军营里面的喧闹声。 Lights were blazing and men were running here and there: 那里灯米通明，人们在东奔西跑： here and there 到處、四處eg：He walked here and there not knowing what to do . 他到處亂轉不知該如何是好。here and now 立刻eg：I must be paid here and now . 我要求現在就付錢給我。they had just discovered that a prisoner had escaped.他们刚刚发现有一个俘虏跑了。 At that moment, a large black car with four officers inside it, stopped at the camp gates.正在此时，一辆黑色大轿车在军营门口停了下来。里面坐了4个军官。 stop at 在.停下來stop in stop by 逗留於、留在 ； pay sb a short visit drop in on drop by 順便來訪, 非正式訪問 The officers got out and the prisoner stood to attention and saluted as they passed.军官们下了车，战俘立正站好，并在他们从他面前经过时敬了礼。 stand to attention 立正 come to attention vi. 采取立正姿勢eg：Attention ！立正 eg：Attention , please ！ 請注意！ ； eg：Stand at ease ！ 稍息 stand at attention / ease 立正/稍息salute 敬禮eg：The soldier saluted smartly .take the salute 還禮、接受敬禮greet 歡迎、迎接、打招呼eg：He went to the station to greet his friend. 他去到車站迎接他的朋友。When they had gone, the driver of the car came towards him. The man obviously wanted to talk. 他们走后，汽车司机向他走来，这人显然是想聊天。He was rather elderly with grey hair and clear blue eyes.他上了年纪，有着灰白的头发和明亮的蓝眼睛。 clear（1） adj. 清澈的、透明的eg：The water in the stream was very clear . stream stri:m n.小河，溪流；流， v.湧流(出)a girl with clear eyes .（2） adj. 明瞭的、易了解的 a clear voice 清晰可辨的聲音eg：His instructions were very clear . 他講述的條理（教學(導)）非常清楚。（3） adj. 無障礙的a clear space 空地 ； a clear view 開放的視野eg：We can cross now . the road is clear . 路上沒車了，我們可以過馬路了。（4） adj. 明朗的、無雲的 on a clear day 晴朗的一天（5） adj. 問心無愧的，無罪的 a clear conscience 清白的良心（6） v. 收拾、清除 eg：Clear the rubbish , please .clear a desk 清除書桌； clear up 天空放晴eg：The sky cleared up just after the rain . 雨後天空開始放晴clear out 收拾（房間）；整理 ； clear out old clothes 清除舊衣服clearing n.（森林的）空地、開墾地clearance n. 收拾、整理 ； clearance sale 清理大甩賣clear- cut adj. 清晰的；意義明確的 clear-headed adj. 頭腦清晰的The prisoner felt sorry for him, but there was nothing else he could do. 战俘为他感到惋惜，但却没有别的选择。As the man came near, the prisoner knocked him to the ground with a sharp blow. 当这个人走近时，战俘一拳把他打倒在地， Then, jumping into the car, he drove off as quickly as he could.然后跳进车里，以最快的速度把车开走了。 jump 跳、蹦、躍hop hp v.人單足跳;跳上(車等) n.蹦跳;短程飛行vault v:lt n.儲藏室；墓穴；撐竿跳 vt.用支撐躍過hurdle h:dl n.跳欄，欄架；障礙，困難 vi.進行跨欄賽jumper dmp n.跳躍者，跳高運動員、（美：穿在襯衫外的背心）（英：套頭式的毛線衣） （1） v. 向跳、躍eg：He jumped up .jump down from the roof . 從屋頂上跳下來jump into a bus 跳上一輛公共汽車jump aside vi. 跳開(閃開) ； jump for joy 歡欣鼓舞, 高興得跳起來jump to ones feet 跳起來jump at 欣然答應 eg：He jumped at my offer . 他欣然接受我的提議jump to conclusions 草率下結論（2）n. 跳、跳躍the high jump 跳高 ； the long jump the broad jump跳遠the pole jump 撐竿跳（3） n. 心跳 give a person a jump 使.嚇一跳be one jump ahead stay one jump ahead 搶先一步 dive off drive away 開走drive sb to do sth 迫使某人去做eg：Poverty drove him to steal . 貧窮逼得他去偷竊。drive sb mad 逼得某人發瘋eg：The death of her son drove her mad . 她兒子的死亡把她逼瘋了。eg：Failure drove him to suicide . 失敗逼得他自殺。drive at 想說，打算eg：What are you driving at ？ 你到底想說什麼？四Special Difficulties：區別cloth / clothing / clothes , salute / greet , clear / clean 的用法Exercise ：選擇正確的詞或詞組填空：1. The guard saluted the general .2. When the canal was clear the ship went through .3. I bought a piece of cloth to make a dress .4. I havent bought any new clothes for years 5. The soldier greeted his mother with a kiss .新東方補充： 【Special Difficulties】 Cloth，Clothes and Clothingcloth n. 布，布料（不可数名词） Theres enough cloth for a skirt. Do you think the cloth will wear well? 你认为这布料会耐穿吗？ n. 抹布，桌布（可数名词） Wipe up the mess with a cloth.clothes n. 衣服，服装（后面动词用复数形式） My clothes are mostly bought from abroad.clothing n. 服装的总称（不可数名词，包括衣服、鞋、帽等） He still needs some winter clothing.Salute and Greetsalute v. 行军礼，（向）敬礼 The guard saluted as the officers passed. The guard saluted the officers.greet v. 打招呼，欢迎，迎接 When we arrived, the whole family stood up to greet us. He greeted Dan with a nod.Clear and Cleanclear adj. 清澈的，明亮的，晴朗的 He was rather elderly with clear blue eyes. Seeing that it was a clear day, he drove to the countryside. adj. 清