高中英语Unit4CyberspaceSectionⅥLanguagePointsⅢLesson4.docx

Section Language Points()(Lesson 4，Communication Workshop，Culture Corner &Bulletin Board)语 言 基 础 自 测.单词拼写根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词1We need a local person to help us as a guide(导游) on the tour around the city.2Growing tourism(旅游业) brings in an increasing number of tourists to the island.3The several villages were completely covered by ashes from the volcano(火山)4In spite of the storm，the ship sailed into the harbour(海港)，safe and sound.5During my three months stay in the village，I collected enough material(材料) for two or three books.6She comes here every Saturday evening as regular as clockwork (时钟)7After they got the present job，the couple settled down in that country.8You can have a bird view of the city from the top of the mountain.拓展词汇根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词1tourism n观光，游览tourist n游客2settle vi.定居vt.解决settlement n定居地3central adj.中央的，中心的centre n中央，中心4regular adj.定期的；规则的regularly adv.规则地，经常地irregular adj.(反义词)不规则的，无规律的5attractive adj.吸引人的，有魅力的attract vt.吸引，招引attraction n吸引；向往的地方，有吸引人的事adj.lyadv.v.ive adj.entirely adv. 完全地；全然地；整个地exactly adv.确实如此；正是；确切地gradually adv. 逐渐地；逐步地active adj.活跃的addictive adj.上瘾的creative adj.有创造力的.补全短语根据提示补全下列短语1be located on/in位于，坐落于2go back (to) 回到；追溯到3as well as 也，又4plenty of 许多5at first sight 初看，一看见(就)6be known as 被认为是；作为而闻名7on average 平均，一般地8protest against 反对，抗议9carry out 执行，实行；实现；完成10decide on 决定，确定11give up 放弃，戒除12consist of 由组成13cut off 切断；中断；删除；使分离.选词填空选用上述短语的适当形式填空1Its not easy to give up smoking.2Mr.Johnson is known as a walking dictionary.3Have you decided on the date for the meeting?4Mount Tai is located in the middle of Shandong Province.5The history of the church goes back to the twentieth century.6Our English teacher is good at teaching as well as kind to us students.v. up动词短语v. of 动词短语take up 拿起；接受；开始；继续clean up 清出，收拾干净approve of 赞成，赞同consist of 由构成dream of 梦到；梦想.经典句式仿写背教材原句记句式结构仿写促落实1.It is also the most exciting city in New Zealand with people of many different cultures living there.它也是新西兰最具活力的城市，汇集了来自不同文化背景的人们。“with宾语宾补”结构作定语She lives in the room with the light on.她住在亮着灯的那个房间里。2.Since 1945，the city of Auckland has grown and it now has large modern suburbs.自1945年起，奥克兰城开始扩展，至今已有大面积的现代化市郊。since意为“自从”，引导的时间状语经常与完成时态连用The village has changed a lot since the beginning of the new century.从新世纪初以来，这个村庄发生了巨大变化。3.New Zealand was the first country in the world to give the vote to women in 1893，to have old age pensions and the eighthour working day.新西兰是世界上第一个于1893年让妇女享有投票权，推行养老金制度以及实行8小时工作制的国家。“the序数词名词不定式”结构，不定式作定语He loves parties; he is always the first to come and the last to leave.他很喜欢参加社交聚会，总是第一个来，最后一个走。4.Over 80% of the 3.6 million people are of European (mainly British) origin.三百六十万人中超过百分之八十的人来自欧洲(主要是英国)。“be of名词”结构，在句中作表语I think the idea is of great benefit to us all.我认为这个主意对大家都有益。核 心 要 点 探 究 (教材P14)It has a population of just under a million people and is located on North Island.这座城市人口不到一百万，位于北岛。(1)have a population of.有人口India has a population of more than one billion.印度人口超过10亿。(1)population作主语时，谓语动词多用单数，但是当其前面有分数或百分数修饰时，谓语动词的单复数要根据后面的表语来确定。(2)population指的是人口“整体”，所以表示人口的“多少”不用many，much或little，few修饰，而用large或small。(3)表示“有多少人口”用have a population of.结构。(4)在提问“人口多少”时用What is the population of.？句型。80% of Chinas population are(be) peasants thirty years ago.三十年前中国80%的人口是农民。What is the population of your hometown? 你的家乡有多少人口？(2)locate vt.使坐落在；位于(1)locate sth.确定某物的位置，找出某物的场所locate sth.in. 把某物建(设置)在be located on/in.(lie in/on/to.)位于(2)location n. 位置；场所The company locates its headquarters in Shanghai.这家公司把总部建在了上海。The building is located(locate) in a business centre.该大楼位于商业中心。Surprisingly，people later remembered the folder location(locate) better than the facts.令人吃惊的是，人们后来记住文件夹的位置远远好于一些确切的情况。 (教材P14)It is also the most exciting city in New Zealand with people of many different cultures living there它也是新西兰最具活力的城市，汇集了来自不同文化背景的人们。【要点提炼】with people of many different cultures living there是“with宾语宾补”结构，其中宾补是现在分词。“with宾语宾语补足语”的形式可以在句中作状语或者作定语，常见结构如下：with宾语 He entered the classroom with a magazine in his hand.他手里拿着一本杂志进了教室。Their expanding business became a large corporation in 1996，with three generations of Ans working(work)together.安的三代人一起工作，在1996年，他们的业务拓展成为一个大公司。I have to stay up with much homework to do(do)有那么多的作业要做，我只好熬夜。名师点津with复合结构的难点在于现在分词、过去分词和动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别。现在分词表示主动或进行的动作；过去分词表示被动或完成的动作；动词不定式表示将要发生的动作。因此，确定非谓语动词和其逻辑主语之间的关系，以及非谓语动词所表示的时间概念十分重要。 settle vi.定居 vt.使定居；使平静；使镇定；解决(问题、纠纷等)(教材P14)The history of the city goes back 650 years when the Maoris settled in the area.这个城市的历史可以追溯到650年前，那时毛利人定居在这个地区。(1)settle in在安家，定居，落户settle into 迁入(新居)settle down 定居，过安定的日子；(使)平静下来(2)settler n. 定居者(3)settlement n. (新)定居地They settled in at a comfortable East Side cafe and within minutes，another customer was approaching their table.他们在一个舒适的东区咖啡馆安顿下来，几分钟后另外一个顾客朝着他们桌子走来了。I have decided to settle down in the country.我决定在这个国家定居。 (教材P14)In 1985，the New Zealand government made the whole country a nuclearfree zone and since then Auckland has been a centre for protest against nuclear testing in Asia Pacific.在1985年，新西兰政府把全国变为无核区，自那以后，奥克兰成为亚洲太平洋地区反对核实验的中心。【要点提炼】made the whole country a nuclearfree zone 是“make宾语宾语补足语”的复合结构，a nuclearfree zone是名词短语作宾语补足语。We made him our monitor.我们选他当班长。make复合结构常见形式有：make宾语 The heavy rain made it impossible for us to go out.大雨使得我们无法出去。They made the Christmas tree look(look) more beautiful.他们使圣诞树看起来更漂亮了。名师点津(1)make sb.do sth.这一结构如果变成被动语态时，不能省略不定式符号to，即为sb.be made to do sth.(2)当表示官职、职位的名词作宾补时，名词前不用冠词。(3)宾语为不定式短语或从句时，常用形式宾语it，而真正的宾语后置。 as well as也，又(教材P14)Famous sights include Mt Eden，one of many large volcanoes，as well as the Auckland Harbour Bridge.奥克兰的名胜包括伊甸山和奥克兰港湾大桥。We ask that you let us know of any allergies or dietary requirements as well as information about any medicines you take.我们要求你告诉我们有关任何过敏反应或饮食要求以及你所服药物的信息。(1)as well as 有时位于句首，相当于介词的作用。(2)as well as 连接并列谓语时，前后时态与形式保持一致。如果第一个谓语是一般现在时或一般过去时，as well as之后可与前面一致，也可用动名词形式。(3)当主语后面与“as well as名词/代词”连用时，谓语动词与第一个主语保持一致。(4)as well as也可表示比较，意为“和一样好”。(5)as well表示“也，又”的意思，通常用于句末，相当于too。He as well as his brothers is(be) coming to see you.他和他的兄弟们要来看你。Andy Lau is a famous movie star，and a singer as well.刘德华既是一位著名影星，也是一名歌手。 view n景色；风景；观点；视野 vt.看待(教材P14)In the city，you can enjoy an amazing view from the Sky Tower，which is the citys tallest Tower.在市区，你可以从城市最高塔天空塔上欣赏到壮丽的景色。写出下列句子中view的意思His view of life has changed a lot since three years ago.观点；见解He climbed up to the top of the tower to get a good view of the city.景色When he opened the window，a stranger with a high hat came into view.视野I got an opportunity to view the movie before it was released.观看We can view the problem in many ways.看待(1)in view 在视野中in ones view 在某人看来in view of 考虑到，鉴于(2)come into view 看得见，出现In my view，there is too much violence on TV.就我看来，电视上暴力行为太多。The Monument to the Peoples Heroes came into view.人民英雄纪念碑映入眼帘。 average adj.平均的；普通的；平常的 n平均水平；平均数 v平均为；计算出的平均数(教材P14)It has a warm climate with plenty of sunshinethe average temperature in January (summer) is 23.4.(奥克兰)这里气候温和，阳光充足一月份(夏季)平均气温是23.4 In 1900，the average American life span(寿命)was only 47 years，but today it is 75 years!1900年，美国人的平均寿命只有47岁，但今天已是75岁！on average平均起来；平均而言close to average 接近平均水平an average of . 平均有above/below (the) average 高于/低于平均水平up to the average 达到平均水平As the average age of the population increases，there are more and more old people to care for.随着人口平均年龄的增长，有越来越多的老年人需要照顾。There are fifty students in a class in our school on average.我们学校平均每个班有五十名学生。 regular adj.定期的；规则的(教材P14)There are regular international flights，too.也有定期的国际航班。After years of regular treatment，she finally became healthy.几年定期的治疗后，她最终变得健康了。regularly adv.有规律地；正常地；往常irregular adj. 不整齐的；无规律的Take the medicine regularly(regular) three times a day.这药一天三次定时服用。明辨异同regular/formal/normal/usualregular定期的，有规律的，反义词为irregular。formal正式的，礼仪的，反义词为informal。normal正常的，健全的，反义词为abnormal。usual指惯常的，平时的，往常的，强调平时的习惯，反义词为unusual。regular，formal，normal，usualShall we meet at the usual time and place?This letter is written in a formal style.I am a regular reader of this newspaper.It is normal to feel lonely sometimes. be known as被认为是；作为而闻名(教材P15)It is also known as “the city of sails” because of all the boats there.因为那儿有各种船只，所以它还以“风帆之都”而闻名。(1)be known as被称作，以著称，以知名；被认为是，后接表示身份的名词。(2)be known for因而著名，后接内容，表示某人/物的特点、特长等。(3)be known to为所了解/知道，后接表示人的词语。(4)be known by凭而知，by表示手段或标准，作“通过，按照”讲。Mozart was known for his exceptional talent with music.莫扎特以他在音乐上无与伦比的造诣而出名。Where Li Bai，a great Chinese poet，was born is known to the public，but some wont accept it.中国伟大诗人李白的出生地大家都知道，但是一些人不接受。语境助记Ge You，who is known as an actor，is known for his excellent acting skills.His New Year film is known to us all.作为一个演员，葛优以他出色的演技闻名。他的贺岁片也为我们所有人所熟知。 attractive adj.吸引人的，有魅力的(教材P16)Qingdao is an attractive city located on the eastern coast of China.青岛是一个位于中国东部沿海的迷人城市。be attractive to对有吸引力attraction n. 吸引，吸引力，诱惑力attract vt. 吸引，引起兴趣attractively adv. 动人地；引人入胜地Bright colors are attractive to children.明亮的颜色对小孩子有吸引力。But for tourists like me，pandas are its top attraction(attract)但是对于像我这样的游客，大熊猫是最有吸引力的。 (教材P18)New Zealand was the first country in the world to give the vote to women in 1893，to have old age pensions and the eighthour working day.新西兰是世界上第一个于1893年让妇女享有投票权，推行养老金制度以及实行8小时工作制的国家。【要点提炼】不定式短语to give.和to have.作后置定语，修饰the first country。(1)在序数词the only，the last，the next和形容词最高级后或在由这些词所修饰的名词、代词后，常用不定式作定语。(2)在time，way，chance，ability，promise等抽象名词后，常用不定式作定语。She is the only woman to have been elected to such a post.她是唯一一位当选这个职位的女性。He is always the first to come(come) and the last to leave(leave)他总是第一个来最后一个走。The best way to travel(travel) is to take a train.最好的旅行方式是坐火车。 consist of 由组成/构成(教材P18)New Zealand，in the South Pacific，consists of two large islands plus other smaller islands with an area of 270，000 sq km.位于南太平洋的新西兰由两座大岛及其他小岛组成，面积总计27万平方千米。Listening is thus an active，not a passive，behavior consisting of hearing，understanding and remembering.聆听是一种积极的行为，而不是被动的接受。它是由听、理解和记忆组成的。(1)consist with 一致；并存consist in 在于，存在于(2)consistent adj. 一致的，符合的be consistent with 与一致，符合The beauty of the city consists in its magnificent buildings.这座城市的美就在于它那些宏伟的建筑。What we say should be consistent with what we do.我们应该言行一致。名师点津consist of无进行时态和被动语态，但可以用现在分词形式作定语和状语。 cut off隔断，隔绝；切掉，割断；中断，切断(水、电、煤气等的供应)；(电话)中断，掉线(教材P18)New Zealand was cut off from the rest of the land on Earth for 80 million years and has some unique animals and plants.新西兰大陆与地球上其他陆地分离已有八千万年历史了，所以这里有一些独特的动植物。写出下列句子中cut off的意思We were cut off in the middle of our conversation.(电话)中断，掉线Kathy cut off some flowers from the bush.剪下，切掉The village has been cut off by the snow for more than a month.隔绝，隔断cut down 砍倒；减少，缩减cut across 抄近路；横穿过cut in 打断(谈话)；插嘴cut out 切除，删掉cut through 刺穿；横穿cut up 切碎；使悲伤Cut down on fatty foods if you want to lose weight.如果想减肥就少吃高脂食物。I wish Mary would stop cutting in on our conversation all the time.我希望玛丽在我们谈话时别老插嘴。At this stage，your child will need someone to cut up the food for her.在这个阶段，你的孩子需要有人帮她把食物切碎。 (教材P18)Over 80% of the 3.6 million people are of European(mainly British)origin.三百六十万人中超过百分之八十的人来自欧洲(主要是英国)。【要点提炼】本句的are of也就是be of，表示一种所属关系。相当于belong to。(1)“be of名词”结构可以表示名词与主语的根源关系，此时名词多表示亲属、血统、种族、国籍等，常用的这类名词有：family，blood，race，origin等。(2)“be of名词”结构中的名词是抽象名词时，“of名词”相当于其名词所对应的形容词，说明被修饰的词具有某种特征或属性，常用的抽象名词有：use，importance，help，value，benefit等。这些名词前还可以有一些形容词如：great，little，some，any，much等来修饰，以说明其程度。(3)“be of the名词”结构中的名词表示种类、数量、度量或表示不同的人或物的共同特征时，名词前通常带有冠词，常用的这类名词有：age，color，kind，type，shape，price，size，height，width，depth，length等。Birds usually only fly together with other birds of the same kind.鸟通常只和其他同类的鸟一起飞翔。A harmonious family is of benefit to a childs personal development.A harmonious family is beneficial(benefit) to a childs personal development.一个和谐的家庭对于孩子的个人成长是有益的。 look forward to盼望，期待(教材P19)Looking forward to receiving your replies.期待收到你们的回复。He was already looking forward to practicing the new music.他已经迫不及待地期待着练习这新音乐了。belong to属于contribute to 为做贡献；为撰稿；有助于devote to 献身；致力于get close to 靠近；接近lead to 导致pay attention to 注意get down to do sth. 开始(做某事)Honesty and hard work contribute to success and happiness.诚实加苦干有助于成功和幸福。Smoking can lead to lung cancer.抽烟可能导致肺癌。解构长句难句(教材P14)In 1985，the New Zealand government ma