2017年考研英语阅读法学类训练汇总.doc

凯程考研，为学员服务，为学生引路！2017年考研英语阅读法学类训练汇总暑期集训来了，如何在暑期两个月创造出双倍的价值是每个考生想要达到的目标。这就需要加倍的努力和科学的规划了。英语方面的复习，大家要持续性背单词，阅读、写作及翻译要多加练习，总结方法技巧，活学活用。下面凯程在线和大家分享法学类的阅读模拟题，大家不妨集中练习，提升阅读速度和做题技巧。Vicious and Dangerous Sports Should be Banned by LawWhen you think of the tremendous technological progress we have made, its amazing how little we have developed in other respects. We may speak contemptuously of the poor old Romans because they relished the orgies of slaughter that went on in their arenas. We may despise them because they mistook these goings on for entertainment. We may forgive them condescendingly because they lived 2000 years ago and obviously knew no better. But are our feelings of superiority really justified? Are we any less blood-thirsty? Why do boxing matches, for instance, attract such universal interest? Dont the spectators who attend them hope they will see some violence? Human beings remains as bloodthirsty as ever they were. The only difference between ourselves and the Romans is that while they were honest enough to admit that they enjoyed watching hungey lions tearing people apart and eating them alive, we find all sorts of sophisticated arguments to defend sports which should have been banned long age; sports which are quite as barbarous as, say, public hangings or bearbaiting.It really is incredible that in this day and age we should still allow hunting or bull-fighting, that we should be prepared to sit back and watch two men batter each other to pulp in a boxing ring, that we should be relatively unmoved by the sight of one or a number of racing cars crashing and bursting into flames. Let us not deceive ourselves. Any talk of the sporting spirit is sheer hypocrisy. People take part in violent sports because of the high rewards they bring. Spectators are willing to pay vast sums of money to see violence. A world heavyweight championship match, for instance, is front page news. Millions of people are disappointed if a big fight is over in two rounds instead of fifteen. They feel disappointment because they have been deprived of the exquisite pleasure of witnessing prolonged torture and violence.Why should we ban violent sports if people enjoy them so much? You may well ask. The answer is simple: they are uncivilized. For centuries man has been trying to improve himself spiritually and emotionally - admittedly with little success. But at least we no longer tolerate the sight madmen cooped up in cages, or public floggings of any of the countless other barbaric practices which were common in the past. Prisons are no longer the grim forbidding places they used to be. Social welfare systems are in operation in many parts of the world. Big efforts are being made to distribute wealth fairly. These changes have come about not because human beings have suddenly and unaccountably improved, but because positive steps were taken to change the law. The law is the biggest instrument of social change that we have and it may exert great civilizing influence. If we banned dangerous and violent sports, we would be moving one step further to improving mankind. We would recognize that violence is degrading and unworthy of human beings.1. It can be inferred from the passage that the authors opinion of nowadays human beings isA. not very high. B. high.C. contemptuous. D. critical.2. The main idea of this passage isA. vicious and dangerous sports should be banned by law.B. people are willing to pay vast sums money to see violence.C. to compare two different attitudes towards dangerous sports.D. people are bloodthirsty in sports.3. That the author mentions the old Romans isA. To compare the old Romans with todays people.B. to give an example.C. to show human beings in the past know nothing better.D. to indicate human beings are used to bloodthirsty.4. How many dangerous sports does the author mention in this passage?A. Three. B. Five.C. Six. D. Seven.5. The purpose of the author in writing this passage isA. that, by banning the violent sports, we human beings can improve our selves.B. that, by banning the dangerous sports, we can improve the law.C. that we must take positive steps to improve social welfare system.D. to show law is the main instrument of social change.Vocabulary1.relish 从获得乐处，享受2.orgy 狂欢，放纵3.arena 竞技场，活动或斗争的场所4.blood-thirsty 残忍的，嗜血的5.bear-baiting 逗熊游戏6.bull-fight 斗牛7.batter 猛击，连续地猛打/捶，乱打8.pulp 成纸浆，成软块9.burst into flames 突然燃烧起来/着火10.grim 令人窒息的，简陋的11.coop up 把关起来写作方法与文章大意作者采取先对比、后分析的写作手法。先是今人和古罗马人对暴虐体育上对此两者都欣赏。后者坦率成人“欣赏暴力体育”，前者施以各种接口、实际都是嗜血成性者。第二段进一步剖析今人欣赏暴虐体育的种种实例，最后指出改善“暴虐”的根本嗜为改善法律采取积极的步骤，法律才能施以巨大的文明影响，否则人类很难改变。参考答案：AADBA From the health point of view we are living in a marvelous age. We are immunized from birth against many of the most dangerous diseases. A large number of once fatal illnesses can now be cured by modern drugs and surgery. It is almost certain that one day remedies will be found for the most stubborn remaining diseases. The expectation of life has increased enormously. But though the possibility of living a long and happy life is greater than ever before， every day we witness the incredible slaughter of men， women and children on the roads. Man versus the motor-car ! It is a never-ending battle which man is losing. Thousands of people the world over are killed or horribly killed each year and we are quietly sitting back and letting it happen.It has been rightly said that when a man is sitting behind a steering wheel， his car becomes the extension of his personality. There is no doubt that the motor-car often brings out a mans very worst qualities. People who are normally quiet and pleasant may become unrecognizable when they are behind a steering-wheel. They swear， they are ill-mannered and aggressive， willful as two-years-olds and utterly selfish. All their hidden frustrations， disappointments and jealousies seem to be brought to the surface by the act of driving.The surprising thing is that society smiles so benignly on the motorist and seems to condone his behaviour. Everything is done for his convenience. Cities are allowed to become almost uninhabitable because of heavy tragic; towns are made ugly by huge car parks; the countryside is desecrated by road networks; and the mass annual slaughter becomes nothing more than a statistic， to be conveniently forgotten.It is high time a world code were created to reduce this senseless waste of human life. With regard to driving， the laws of some countries are notoriously lax and even the strictest are not strict enough. A code which was universally accepted could only have a dramatically beneficial effect on the accident rate. Here are a few examples of some the things that might be done. The driving test should be standardized and made far more difficult than it is; all the drivers should be made to take a test every three years or so; the age at which young people are allowed to drive any vehicle should be raised to at least 21; all vehicles should be put through stringent annual tests for safety. Even the smallest amount of alcohol in the blood can impair a persons driving ability. Present drinking and driving laws (where they exist) should be mad much stricter. Maximum and minimum speed limits should be imposed on all roads. Governments should lay down safety specifications for manufacturers， as has been done in the USA. All advertising stressing power and performance should be banned. These measures may sound inordinately harsh. But surely nothing should be considered as too severe if tit results in reducing the annual toll of human life. After all， the world is for human beings， not motor-cars.1.The main idea of this passage isA Traffic accidents are mainly caused by motorists.B Thousands of people the world over are killed each year.C The laws of some countries about driving are too lax.D Only stricter traffic laws can prevent accidents.2.What does the author think of society toward motorists?A Society smiles on the motorists.B Huge car parks are built in the cities and towns.C Victims of accidents are nothing.D Society condones their rude driving.3.Why does the author say： his car becomes the extension of his personality?A Driving can show his real self.B Driving can show the other part of his personality.C Driving can bring out his character.D His car embodies his temper.4.Which of the followings is NOT mentioned as a way against traffic accidents?A Build more highways.B Stricter driving tests.C Test drivers every three years.D raise age limit and lay down safety specifications.5.The attitude of the author isA ironicalB criticalC appealingD militantVocabulary1.immunise 使免疫，使免除2.expectation of life = life expectancy 平均寿命3.versus = against 对顶，反对4.mutilate 伤害5.wilful 任性的，固执的6.benign 宽厚的，仁慈的7.condone 宽容8.desecrate 亵渎，玷污9.code 法规，规定，惯例10.stringent 严格的，紧急的，迫切的11.performance 演出，成品，这里是指cars behavior such as speed， function etc.可译成行为，汽车行为、功能等。难句译注1.Man versus the motor-car ! It is a never-ending battle which man is losing.【参考译文】人和汽车对抗!这是一场人类永远是输家的无休止的战斗。2.All advertising stressing power and performance should be banned.【参考译文】应当禁止所有强调力量和表现行为的广告。写作方法与文章大意文章论述“交通事故”，采用因果、对比手法。从人的平均寿命增加和交通事故率成正比谈起，触及事故率上升的原因，要求制定更严格的法规予以制止种种造成事故的不良行为。If you smoke and you still dont believe that theres a definite link between smoking and bronchial troubles， heart disease and lung cancer， then you are certainly deceiving yourself. No one will accuse you of hypocrisy. Let us just say that you are suffering from a bad case of wishful thinking. This neednt make you too uncomfortable because you are in good company. Whenever the subject of smoking and health is raised， the governments of most countries hear no evil， see no evil and smell no evil. Admittedly， a few governments have taken timid measures. In Britain for instance， cigarette advertising has been banned on television. The conscience of the nation is appeased， while the population continues to puff its way to smoky， cancerous death.You dont have to look very far to find out why the official reactions to medical findings have been so lukewarm. The answer is simply money. Tobacco is a wonderful commodity to tax. Its almost like a tax on our daily bread. In tax revenue alone， the government of Britain collects enough from smokers to pay for its entire educational facilities. So while the authorities point out ever so discreetly that smoking may， conceivable， be harmful， it doesnt do to shout too loudly about it.This is surely the most short-sighted policy you could imagine. While money is eagerly collected in vast sums with one hand， it is paid out in increasingly vaster sums with the other. Enormous amounts are spent on cancer research and on efforts to cure people suffering from the disease. Countless valuable lives are lost. In the long run， there is no doubt that everybody would be much better-off if smoking were banned altogether.Of course， we are not ready for such a drastic action. But if the governments of the world were honestly concerned about the welfare of their peoples， youd think theyd conduct aggressive anti-smoking campaigns. Far from it! The tobacco industry is allowed to spend staggering sums on advertising. Its advertising is as insidious as it is dishonest. We are never shown pictures of real smokers coughing up their lungs early in the morning. That would never do. The advertisement always depict virile， clean-shaven young men. They suggest it is manly to smoke， even positively healthy! Smoking is associated with the great open-air life， with beautiful girls， true love and togetherness. What utter nonsense!For a start， governments could begin by banning all cigarette and tobacco advertising and should then conduct anti-smoking advertising campaigns of their own. Smoking should be banned in all public places like theatres， cinemas and restaurants. Great efforts should be made to inform young people especially of the dire consequences of taking up the habit. A horrific warning say， a picture of a deaths head should be included in every packet of cigarettes that is sold. As individuals， we are certainly weak， but if governments acted honestly and courageously， they could protect us from ourselves.1.Why do a few governments take timid measures toward smoking?A because they are afraid of people.B Because diseases cost a lot.C Because they are afraid of the cutting down of their revenue.D Because they are afraid of manufacturers.2.The tone of this passage isA critical.B ironical.C distaste.D amusing.3.What does the sentence “because you are in good company” mean?A you are backed by the government.B You are not alone.C You have good colleagues.D Governments are blind to evils of smoking too.4.What is the best title of this passage?A World Governments should conduct serious campaigns against smoking.B World governments take timid measures against smoking.C smoking is the most important source of income to many countries.D tobacco industry spends a large sum of money on medical research.Vocabulary1.a wishful thinking 根据愿望的想法，不顾事实的想法2.puff 喷3.puff its way to 一路吞云吐雾走向(指抽烟抽到死)4.lukewarm 冷淡/漠然5.insidious 阴险的，狡猾的6.virile 年富力强的写作方法与文章大意这是一篇“要求政府禁烟”的论说文，采用因果对比手法。先以讽刺口吻指出政府对禁烟的态度软弱无力。然后点明软弱的原因大量税收。再以抽烟大严重后果，机器所花去的钱说明得不偿失。而烟草工业广告泛滥，毒化人们。从而提出政府应从禁止烟广告作起。The Norwegian Government is doing its best to keep the oil industry under control. A new law limits exploration to an area south of the southern end of the long coastline; production limits have been laid down (though these have already been raised); and oil companies have not been allowed to employ more than a limited number of foreign workers. But the oil industry has a way of getting over such problems， and few people believe that the Government will be able to hold things back for long. As on Norwegian politician said last week： “We will soon be changed beyond all recognition.”Ever since the war， the Government has been carrying out a programme of development in the area north of the Arctic Circle. During the past few years this programme has had a great deal of success： Tromso has been built up into a local capital with a university， a large hospital and a healthy industry. But the oil industry has already started to draw people south， and within a few years the whole northern policy could be in ruins.The effects of the oil industry would not be limited to the north， however. With nearly 100 percent employment， everyone can see a situation developing in which the service industries and the tourist industry will lose more of their workers to the oil industry. Some smaller industries might even disappear altogether when it becomes cheaper to buy goods from abroad.The real argument over oil is its threat to the Norwegian way of life. Farmers and fishermen do not make up most of the population， but they are an important part of it， because Norwegians see in them many of the qualities that they regard with pride as essentially Norwegian. And it is the farmers and the fishermen who are most critical of the oil industry because of the damage that it might cause to the countryside and to the sea.1.The Norwegian Government would prefer the oil industry toA provide more jobs for foreign workers.B slow down the rate of its development.C sell the oil it is producing abroad.D develop more quickly than at present.2.The Norwegian Government has tried toA encourage the oil companies to discover new oil sources.B prevent oil companies employing people from northern Norway.C help the oil companies solve many of their problems.D keep the oil industry to something near its present size.3.According to the passage， the oil industry might lead northern Norway toA the development of industry.B a growth in population.C the failure of the development programme.D the development of new towns.4.In the south， one effect to the development of the oil industry might beA a large reduction on unemployment.B a growth in the tourist industry.C a reduction in the number of existing industries.D the development of a number of service industries.5.Norwegian farmers and fishermen have an important influence becauseA they form such a large part of Norwegian ideal.B their lives and values represent the Norwegian ideal.C their work is so useful to the rest of Norwegian society.D they regard oil as a threat to the Norwegian way of life.Vocabulary1.Norwegian 挪威的;挪威人2.coastline 海岸线3.recognition 承认;认识;赞赏4.countryside 乡下;乡民难句译注1.A new law limits exploration to an area south of the southern end of the long coastline; production limits have been laid down (though these have already been raised); and oil companies have not been allowed to employ more than a limited number of foreign workers.【结构简析】用两个分号连接三句句子。【参考译文】一条新的法律限制人们仅在长长的海岸线南端以南地区进行勘探考察;规定了石油生产限量(虽然已提高);石油公司雇佣外国工人不许超出限定额。2.With nearly 100 percent employment， everyone can see a situation developing in which the service industries and the tourist industry will lose more of their workers to the oil industry.【参考译文】由于将近百分之一百就业率，每个人都能看出形式发展中服务行业和旅游行业的大部分工人会跑到石油工业方面去。3.Farmers and fishermen do not make up most of the population， but they are an important part of it， because Norwegians see in them many of the qualities that they regard with pride as essentially Norwegian.【结构简析】复合句。在because状语从句中that是定语从句修饰qualities.【参考译文】虽然农民和渔民并不占人口的绝大多数，可是他们都是人口的重要组成不分，因为挪威人