重庆市江津第五中学高中英语 Unit 1 Friends and Friendship Period IX情态动词用法归类与高考试题分析 新人教版必修3 (1).doc

重庆市江津第五中学高中英语 unit 1 friends and friendship period ix情态动词用法归类与高考试题分析 新人教版必修3 情态动词用法归类:（一）表达“情感、态度、语气” 等方面的情态动词1. must表达“情感、态度、语气”主要有以下用法：(1) 表示主观的义务和必要，主要用于肯定句和疑问句，意思为“必须，得，要”；由must引起的疑问句，肯定回答要用must或have to， 否定回答要用neednt或dont have to,意思是“不必”。另外，must与have to都可以表示“必须”这一含义。must表示一种主观的需要，而have to表示一种客观的需要，意思是“不得不”，其否定形式是don have to。 (1)-what sort of house do you want to have? something big?-well, it _ be big-thats not important. a. mustnt b. neednt c. cant d. wont (2) must的否定形式mustnt表示禁止，意思是“不能，不许”。例如：when i was young, i was told that i _ play with matches a. wouldnt b. neednt c. mustnt d. darent(3) must用于条件句或疑问句中，可以用来表示责备、抱怨的感情色彩，意思为“偏要，硬要、干嘛”。例如：may i smoke here ?if you _, choose a seat in the smoking section. a. should b. could c. may d. mustjohn, look at the time. _ you play the piano at such a late hour?amust bcan cmay dneed2. should(1) should应该，表示“责任和义务”。例如： according to the air traffic rules, you _ switch off your mobile phone before boarding. a. mayb. can c. wouldd. should (2) should还可以用来表示说话人对某事不能理解、赶到意外、惊异等意思，译为“竟然，竟会”。例如：you cant imagine that a well-behaved gentleman _ be so rude to a lady. a. might b. need c. should d. would3. shall(1) shall用于第一和第三人称，常用于疑问句中，用来征求对方意见。例如：whats the name?khulaifi. _ i spell it for you? a. shall b. would c. can d. might(2) 用于第二和第三人称，表示“命令、威胁、警告、允诺、”等。例如：excuse me. but i want to use your computer to type a report.you _have my computer if you dont take care of it . a. shant b. might not c. neednt d. shouldnt(3) shall也用于宣布法律、规定的要求。例如：what does the sign over there read? “no person _ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette，cigar or pipe in this area.” a. will b. may c. shall d. must4. can(1) can可以用来表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度，主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中。例如：how _ you say that you really understand the whole story if you have only covered only part of the article?a. can b. must c. need d. may(2) can也可以用来表示请求或许可。例如：mum, ive been studying english since 8 oclock. _i go out and play with tom for a while?no, im afraid not. besides, its raining outside now. a. cant b. wouldnt c. mayd. wont(3) can可以表达一般的或永久的能力。be able to也可表达能力，但常用来表达在某件事情中所表现出来的能力，尤指克服困难能够完成某事。例如： if it were not for the fact that she _ sing, i would invite her to the party. a. couldnt b. shouldnt c. cant d. might not the fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out. a. had to b. would c. could d. was able to5. would(1)will与would可表示“意愿；意志 ”。john promised his doctor he _ not smoke and he has never smoked ever since. a. might b. should c. could d. would (2) would表示过去倾向性或习惯性的动作。used to 也有这一用法，但used to即可用来表达过去的习惯性的动作，也可用来表示过去的状态。例如： when he was there, he _ go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day. a. would b. should c. had better d. might in my opinion, life in the twenty-first century is much easier than _. a. that used to be b. it is used to c. it was used to d. it used to be（二）表示推测的情态动词对现在或将来情况推测，用情态动词+do / be / be doing；对过去的推测，用情态动词+have done / been；表示肯定推测的情态动词按可能性大小依次为 must, should / ought to, may, might, could；否定推测，常用cant / couldnt，译为“根本不可能”、“想必不会”，表示推测的语气非常肯定，may not, might not或could not译为“可能不”、“也许不”，表示推测的语气不很肯定。 1.she looks very happy. she _ have passed the exam.i guess so. its not difficult after all. a. should b. could c. must d. might 2.hows your tour around the north lake? is it beautiful?it _ be, but it is now heavily polluted.a. will b. would c. should d. must 3.there _ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school. a. mustnt b. shant c. shouldnt d. neednt4. you _ be hungry already you had lunch only two hours ago! a. wouldnt b. cant c. mustnt d. neednt5. she _ have left school, for her bike is still here. a. cant b. wouldnt c. shouldnt d. neednt6.it is usually warm in my hometown in march, but it _ be rather cold sometime. a. must b. can c. should d. would7.peter _ be really difficult at times even though hes a nice person in general. a. shall b. shouldc. can d. must 8. liza _ well not want to go on the trip - she hates traveling. a. will b. can c. must d. may 9. although this _ sound like a simple task, great care is needed. a. must b. may c. shall d. should 10.i cant find my purse anywhere. you _ have lost it while shopping. a. may b. can c. should d. would（三）表达虚拟语气的情态动词对过去的一种结果的假设或虚拟，用情态动词+have done这一结构，常用的有以下几个情态动词：1. im sorry. i _at you the other day.forget it. i was a bit out of control myself. a. shouldnt shout b. shouldnt have shoutedc. mustnt shout d. mustnt have shouted2. thank you for all your hard work last week. i dont think we _ it without you. a. can manage b. could have managedc. could manage d. can have managed3.catherine, i have cleaned the room for you.thanks. you _ it. i could manage it myself. a. neednt do b. neednt have done c. mustnt do d. shouldnt have done4.what a pity! considering his ability and experience, he _ better. a. need have done b. must have donec. can have done d. might have donemultiple choice：1.will you read me a story ,mummy? ok. you_ have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.a. might b. must c. could d. shall2.no one _ be compared with yao ming in playing basketball.a. can b. need c. must d. might3.if you go, at least wait until the storm is over.a. can b. may c. must d. will4.it _ be the postman at the door. its only six oclock.a. mustnt b. cant c. wont d. neednt5they have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.a. will b. can c. must d. should6.i dont really like james. why did you invite him?dont worry. he come. he said he wasnt certain what his plans were.a. must not b. need not c. would not d. might not7.shall i inform him of the change of the schedule right now?i am afraid you , in case he comes late for the meeting .a. will b. must c. may d. can8.the police still havent found the lost child, but theyre doing all they .a. can b. may c. must d. should9. -where is dad, mary? -he _ the flowers in the garden.a. must water b. must be wateringc. must have watered d. watered10. -jane has just come back from china and she looks happy.- she _ her trip