完型填空复习课件

完形填空 1 完形填空 试题的命制 基本上遵循 突出语篇 强调应用 注重实际 的设计思路 考查考生在阅读理解的基础上对词汇知识的掌握情况 即要求考生通读短文 掌握文章大意 综合运用所学的词汇 语法等知识 从试题所提供的词汇 短语中判断出使短文意思通顺 结构完整的词汇或短语 2 完形填空试题设空与选项的特点选材时代感强 思想健康 首句不设空 在布空方面以实词为主 动词 名词为核心 形容词副词铺垫 充分体现了语言知识运用的特征 试题特点 情景推理多 语法选项少 完形填空试题要求考生根据文章的整体内容 层次结构和内容逻辑关系去选择符合文章情节的答案 这就决定了试题考查必须以情景意义选择为主 这种试题的特点是 孤立地看对应挖空的句子 四个备选答案都能满足句子的要求 无论将哪个答案填进去 从词法上说都是正确的 要确定试题的正确答案 只能根据全文的内容和情节的发展 使所选答案满足为文章中心内容服务的需要 当然 有个别备选答案要依据语法知识去判断选择 近年中考英语完形填空试题中 完全根据语法知识进行选择的很少 有的小题 既考查语法知识 也考查意义选择 我们称其为 语法加意义 选择 无需语法知识 只根据文章内容确定答案 称为 情景意义 选择 目前 后者几乎已经覆盖了完形填空的全部试题 arehelpfultostudents arehelpfultostudents Theygivethemknowledge arehelpfultostudents Inclasstheyteachthemknowledgeandafterclasstheycareforthemlikeparents arehelpfultostudents Theykeepthemhealthy Guessingthemissingwords 猜一猜 填一填 三 完形填空试题的三个难度等级 一 词组层次 需要填的词 和它前或后的词有固定的搭配关系 只要看空缺前或后的词便能决定该填什么 例如 look thenewwordinadictionary husbandand up wife 当然这是最简单的啦 三 完形填空试题的三个难度等级 S 句子层次 空缺需要填什么词 本句之内就可以决定 不用超出句子的范围 如 What hedolastSunday Canyoutellme Tomcomesfrom did where 这个也难不倒你们 Justhaveatry Modal Itwasrainingheavilyoutside soIhadtotakean withme umbrella 1 Hehasabadcold thedoctoraskshimto morehotwater 2 MrWhiteisateacher he mathatschool 3 They reverytired happyatlast 4 Iboughtawatchyesterday wasveryuseful 5 Itmustbevery togointothecage becausethere remanytigersinit drink teaches but it dangerous 三 完形填空试题的三个难度等级 D 语篇层次 空缺需要填什么 光看本句不成 要超出句子在语篇层次上考虑才能决定 例如 Manisthecleverestanimalonearth Hecantravelinouterspaceandlandhimselfonthemoon Butinhiswaragainsthisenemytheratinhishome heseemsalwaystobethe A winnerB loserC heroD coward 懦夫 这里的空缺该填什么 仅仅看本句难以决定 要超出句子从语篇语境的层次去考虑 才可以决定空缺应填B 知道这个厉害了吧 哼 二 实例分析 1 考查英语固定搭配 习惯用语的运用 此时 考生不需对句意有太多的理解 一眼就能锁定答案 如 She38 theradioandsangsongswhileshewasdriving 2003江西省中考卷 38 A turnedonB turnedoverC turnedoffD turneddownHe43 killedthreepeople atAtlantacourthouseonMarch11 Thepolicewere44him 2005江西省中考卷 44 A waitingforB thinkingofC lookingatD searchingfor 二 实例分析 2 考查对文段语境的理解能力 考生必须通过语境作出判断 一般要看懂一两句话作情景铺垫 例如 Hiscoughingstoppedmythinking Whatwaslefttosay HowcouldIsay53tothepersonwhotaughtmeeverything 2004江西省中考卷 53 A goodbyeB helloC yesD sorryThenextmorningI54 wokeup lookedatmyalarmclock andrealizedhehadleft55ago Weneverevensaidgoodbye 2004江西省中考卷 55 A minutesB hoursC daysD weeks 二 实例分析 3 考查对文章内容进行逻辑分析 推理判断的能力 要求考生能理解上下文的内在关联和连贯意义 例如 Itwasalmost9 00p m whenMiaJansonleftherofficetogohome Itwas36 Shestartedhercarandshe37 drove downthedarkroadthatledtoherhouseinthecountry She38 turnedon theradioandsangsongswhileshewasdriving Theheaterwasn tworking 2003江西省中考卷 36 A rainingB coolC snowingD lateThelatestattractionisabig51tunnel 隧道 youcanthrough Allaroundyou youwillseefishswimming sometimesevenoveryourhead 2007江西省中考卷 A metalB woodC glassD stone 2008中考完形填空模拟举例 选择考点应侧重从语言的意义考虑 而不能一味地考查语法形式或句子结构 选择考点应侧重从语言的意义考虑 而不能一味地考查语法形式或句子结构 例如 DearDad I mwritingtoyoubecauseit stoodifficulttotalkaboutit Ican tstopthinkingaboutmyuncleandhowhe 31 Infact Iseriouslywanttoaskyou32smoking I velookedupalotofinformationaboutsmokingandI33outsomedisturbingthings Youalreadyknowthat34isbadforyoubreathingandcancausecancer I velearntthatitcausesmanyotherillness35 Didyouknowthatover100 000peoplediefromsmokingeveryyearinBritain It s36causeofdeathintheworld Idon twantyoutobeoneofthosepeople 31 A diesB deathC diedD dying32 A tostopB stopC stoppedD stopping33 A findB foundedC foundD havefound34 A smokeB smokingC smokedD smokes35 A tooB alsoC eitherD aswell36 A thetwobigB secondbiggestC thesecondbiggestD thesecondbig C A D B A C Happinessisforeveryone Youdon tneedtocareaboutthosewhoarevery1 Why Becausethosewhohavebighousesmayoftenfeel2andthosewhohavecarswantto3oncountryroadsintheirfreetime Infact happinessisalways4you Whenyouare5 yourfriendswillhelpyou whenyoustudyhardatyourlessons your6arealwaystakinggoodcareofyourlifeandyour7 Alltheseareyourhappiness Whenyouare8 youcanalsosayyouareveryhappy becauseyouhavesomethingelsethat9can tbuy Whenyoumeetwith10 sayloudlythatyouarehappy becauseyouhavemorechancestochallengeyourself Takeeverychanceyouget andyoucanbeahappyandluckyperson 1 A poorB richC niceD bad 2 A seriousB unknownC strangeD lonely 3 A walkB workC knockD talk 4 A forB toC aroundD about 5 A inpublicB introubleC athomeD atbreak 6 A expertsB journalistsC parentsD inspectors 7 A healthyB healthC beautyD beautiful 8 A poorB tallC shortD angry 9 A performanceB confidenceC wordD money 10 A thievesB animalsC problemsD signs Trafficaccidentskilledmorethan104 000peopleinChinalastyear Chinesecitieshave1carsthanbefore Everydaymanypeopleare2whiletheycrosstheroad Mostof3areoldpeopleandchildren Oldpeopleareoftenkilled4theyusuallycan tseeclearlyorhearverywell 5arekilledbecausetheyarecareless Acar truckorbuscan tstopvery6ifitisgoingveryfast Thefasteracaristraveling7beforeittakestostop Butpeoplewalkinginthestreetdonotalwaysunderstandthis It s8forpeopletoknowhowfastacaristraveling Thenewtrafficlawswereputintouse9May1st 2004 Thenewtrafficlawswill10thestreetssaferforwalkinganddriving 1 A biggerB moreC fewerD smaller 2 A killedB caughtC shotD attack