when was it invented.doc

Unit9 : When was it invented?Period 1 Section A（1a2c）学习目标：1知识目标：WordsandphrasesTalkaboutthehistoryofinventions2能力目标：能在具体语境中正确运用被动语态。3情感目标：了解中国古代四大发明，培养爱国主义精神。学习重点：重点词汇用法及被动语态用法。学习难点：被动语态各种时态的构成。学习过程：（一）预习导学1.自主完成以下单词和词组1 发明 创造 2 计算器 3 用勺舀 4 调整的 5 后跟 6 电池供电的 7操作 8 拖鞋 9 加热 10用来做 （二）合作探究：1) 1. When was it invented?invent v. 发明，创造 例如：他发明了一种制造丝绸的新方法。你知道谁发明的电脑吗？（1）inventor n. 发明家，创造者，发明者 例如：. 爱迪生是一个伟大的发明家。 （2）invention n. 发明（物），创造 例如：Edison had 1,093 inventions. 2Theyre used for seeing in the dark.它们被用于在黑夜里观看。be used for表示“被用来做”，介词for表示目的和用途，后面接名词或动词-ing形式。木材可以被用来造纸。 含有be used的常用短语：（1）be used as表示“被用作”，介词as意思是“作为”的意思，其后一般接名词，强调使用的工具及手段。This book can be used as a textbook.这本书可以当作教科书来用。（2）be used by表示“被使用”，by后接动作的执行者。This kind of machine is used by farmers for getting in crops. （三）检测反馈： 翻译下列句子1.汽车是什么时候发明的？ _?2.它是1885年发明的。 _.3.它们是去年发明的。 _.4.它们是谁发明的？ _?5.它们是用来干什么的？ _?6.它们是用来在黑暗中照明的。 _.（四）作业布置：1.-Look at the sign on the right. -Oh, smoking _ here.A .doesnt allow B. isnt allowed C. didnt allow D. wasnt allowed2. -Will you come to the dinner party? -I wont come unless Jim _.A. cant be invited B. was invited C. will be invited D.is invited将下列各句改为被动语态1. Bell invented telephone in 1876. Telephone _ _ by Bell in 1876.2. Mike broke the window yesterday. The window _ _ by Mike yesterday.3. They built the bridge in 2000. The bridge _ _by them in 2000.4. I bought my mobile phone last year. My mobile phone _ _ last year.5. We invited Mr Zhang to give us a speech. Mr Zhang _ _ to give us a speech.Period 2 Section A（3a4）学习目标：1知识目标：WordsandphrasesTalkaboutthehistoryofinventions熟练掌握被动语态用法2能力目标：能在具体语境中正确运用被动语态。3情感目标：了解中国古代四大发明，培养爱国主义精神。教学重难点：主动语态 被动语态1主动结构的宾语变为被动结构的主语；2主动结构的谓语动词由主动语态变为被动语态；3主动结构的主语变为介词by的宾语，组成介词短语，放在被动结构中谓语动词之后。在动作的执行者无须说明或不必强调时，by短语可以省略。4主动语态、被动语态两种时态要保持一致： 学习过程： （一.）自主学习：回答问题1、 Is the light bulb useful or annoying ? 2:、I think its useful. 3、Why is it ? 4、Well, it gives people more time to work and play every day. 5、 What do you think is the most helpful / annoying invention? 6、 I think the most helpful / annoying invention is 7、 Why is that ? 8、 Well, it gives people （二）合作探究（1）operate v. 操作，作业 例如：Can you operate the computer? 你会用电脑吗？（2）operate v. 动手术，用于operate on sb. “给某人做手术”。例如：The doctor will operate on his mother at once. 那位医生将马上为他的母亲动手术。（3）operate v. 经营，管理 例如：The company operates ten factories. （4）operation n. 手术 例如：She had an operation for stomach. 她做过胃部手术。1.老人们被照顾地很好。The old _ _ after well.解析： 这个题主要考查被动语态的结构be + 动词的过去分词和应用，在本题中应该是be looked after.2.You can use the box _ the toys.A. carry B. carrying C. to carry D. carried解析：在这个题目考查一个短语的应用 use sth to do利用某物做某事，因此答案为C。（三）巩固测评：下列句子改为被动语态。1). She was seen to come out of the libr ary by him.（变被动语态）2). When are trees often planted?（变被动语态）3). The League was founded in Guangzhou in 1922（就画线部分提问）4). Did the students wear the school clothes a lot ?（变被动语态）5). Kate took god care of the baby yesterday evening.（变被动语态）6).His aunt bought him a bicycle.（变被动语态）（四）作业布置：1.Although Tom failed the game, _ he said he would try again.A. B. and C. but D. because2. I must practice _ English, because its important while talking with a foreigner.A. speak B. to speak C. speaking .speaks 1.-What a nice classroom! -It _ every day.A. is cleaning B. has cleaned C. must clean D. is cleaned2.I know Beijing well. I _ there three times.A .will go B. have been C. went D. have gone3）I sent a letter to you last month. 4） Do we use it for cooking? 5）Where did you build the bridge? 6） Mother tells me a story every day. 7）Can he finish his homework on time?Period 3 Section B （1a2C）学习目标：1知识目标：WordsandphrasesTalkaboutthehistoryofinventions熟练掌握被动语态用法2能力目标：能在具体语境中正确运用被动语态。3情感目标：培养爱国主义精神。学习重点：重点词汇用法及一般过去时被动语态用法。学习难点：被动语态用法。学习过程:（一）自主学习根据意思填写单词。1. Potato chips were invented by m (错误).2. He (撒上)some salt on them so they were s .3. The (顾客) thought the potatoes werent thin enough 4. He s lots of sugar on the cake , so it was very sweet .5. You must put a little more salt in it , or it isnt s enough .（二）合作探究1The potato chips were invented by mistake.土豆条的发明纯属歪打正着。mistake n. 错误，误会，过失 (1) mistake n. 错误，误会，过失 例如：It was a mistake buying that car. 买那辆车是个错误。 (2)by mistake 表示“错误地（因粗心、遗忘等所致）”。对不起，我错拿了你的手提包。 (3) mistake v. 误解，弄错 mistake . for “错把当作”例如：我把她错认为是她妹妹。 2. the customer thought the potatoes werent thin enough. 顾客认为土豆（片）不够薄。enough adj. 足够的 修饰形容词或副词时要放在修饰词，但它修饰名词时则放在名词之前； 例如：We didnt leave . 我们离开得不够早。We havent got . 我们没有足够的时间。3George wanted to make the customer happy. 乔治想让那位顾客高兴。make v. 使怎么样，常用句型如下：（1）主语+make+宾语+名词（做宾补）。例如：那个老板能使那个年轻人变为一个富翁。 （2）主语+make+宾语+形容词（做宾补）。例如：. 这消息使她很高兴。 （3） “主语+ make+宾语+do sth”。 例如：Nothing will make me change my mind. 4George Crum cooked them for a long time until they were crispy. George Crum将它们做了很长时间，直到它们变脆了。until常用作介词或连词，用来引导介词短语或从句在句子中作时间状语。（1）在肯定句中，until与延续性、持续性动词连用，表示“直到为止”。I worked until late in the afternoon. 我一直干到下午很晚的时候。（2）在否定句中，until常与瞬间动词、短暂性动词连用，表示“直到才”，“不到不”。The rain didnt stop until midnight. 雨直到半夜才停。I wont leave until you promise to help me. 你不答应帮助我，我不会离开。5. And he sprinkled lots of salt on them so they were salty. (P71) 然后，他在上面，这样它们就咸了。(1)sprinkle 是“撒、洒”的意思，常构成sprinkle A on/over B 或sprinkle B with A表示“撒(某物)于(某物的表面)”。She sprinkled sand on the icy path. He sprinkled vinegar on his fish and chips. (2)salt是不可数名词，其形容词是salty。在英语中，很多名词后加-y可以构成形容词，表示“充满/包含”，其意思与原来词汇的意思相同，只是词性不同，如cloudcloudy, hairhairy, roserosy, sleepsleepy等。6Did you know that tea, the most popular drink in the world(after water), was invented by accident?accident n. 意外的事； 偶然的事【拓展】(1)accident n. 意外的事； 偶然的事 例如：It is quite an accident. 这是一件很偶然的事。(2) accident n. 事故 例如：He was killed in a traffic accident. 他在一起交通事故中丧生。(3) by accident 同义词组为 , 意为：偶然，无意中 例如：我意外地在拥挤的公共汽车中遇见她。 （三）巩固测评1. The TV _ (invent) around 1927.2. They are used for _ (see) in the park.3. This kite _ (make) by Uncle Wang.4. Tea _ (discover) a long time ago.5. Our classroom _ (should clean) every day.6. Many trees and flowers (plant) in our school last year and they made our school a beautiful garden .（四）作业布置：用所给词的适当形式填空。1.Ihearhelikes_(morning)verymuch.2.I_(real)wanttoseehimsoon.3.Ismotherhada_(quickly)breakfast,andwentto0workthismorning.4.Doestheteacheroftenhelpyouwithyour_(homework)?5.Lastnighthewenttobedlater,sohelooks_(exhaust)today.6.Didyougotowatchany_(video)yesterday?7._(hundred)ofpeopletookpartinthepartylastnight.8.Theyerewaitingforthe_(school)buses,buttheydidntcome.9.Hetoldusaquarteroftheworldspopulation_(use)English.10.WethinkEnglishisthe_(popular)languageforscience.Period 4 Section B（3a4）学习目标：1知识目标：WordsandphrasesTalkaboutthehistoryofinventions熟练掌握被动语态用法2能力目标：能在具体语境中正确运用被动语态。3情感目标：培养爱国主义精神。学习重难点：重点词汇用法及一般过去时被动语态用法。学习过程:（一）自主学习：1. The most popular drink was i by a (偶然).2. This (饮料) was d (发现) three thousand years before that .3. Some l （叶子）from nearby (灌木 ) （落入） the water and (停留) there for some time .4. The leaves in water (产生) a p smell .（二）合作探究 1). 读3a回答问题1. What is this article about?2. Was it invented on purpose or by accident?3. When was it invented?4. Who invented it?1、Some leaves from a nearby bush fell into the water and remained there for some time.附近丛林里的一些树叶掉进了水里，并留在那里很长时间。fall v 落下【拓展】(1) fall into在这里是“落入、陷入”的意思。 Some ash fell into my cup. 一些灰掉进我的杯子里了。A ripe fruit his hand. 一个熟了的果子碰巧掉在他手里。 (2)remain v.表示“继续、依然、停留”，后面接名词，动词不定式。He remained a prisoner for the rest of his life. 他的余生都在牢中度过。It sounds a good idea, but it remains to be seen whether it will succeed. remain还有“剩下、残余”的意思。I cant go to the cinema because I have a lot of homework remained undone.我不能去看电影，因为我还有很多作业未做。2、The emperor noticed that the leaves in the water produced a pleasant smell. notice v. 注意，注意到【拓展】（1）notice v. 注意，注意到 例如：你注意到什么奇怪的东西了吗？ I noticed (that) he left late. （2）notice n. 布告，公告，告示，启示 例如：请张贴个布告。 （3）notice 后还可接复合宾语即notice sb. do/doing sth. 接不定式时，指看到一个动作或一件事情的 。接动词-ing形式则指看到一个正 的动作，而不是过程。I noticed Tom l on the play ground. 我注意到汤姆在操场上踢足球。He didnt notice me a big box when I came into the room. 当我走进房间时，他没有注意到我扛着一个大箱子。produce v. 生产，制造，表示“制造”时。例如：He worked hard good crops from poor soil. 他辛勤耕作，为使贫瘠的土地上长出好庄稼。The factory toys. 这家工厂生产玩具。3Later he decided to taste the hot mixture. taste v. 品尝（1）taste v. 品尝 例如：Have you ever tasted horse meat? 你尝过马肉吗？The apple tastes sweet. 这个苹果吃起来很甜。（2）taste v. 品尝 作系动词 例如：The cake tastes good. 蛋糕尝起来味道很好。4、 And in this way, one of the worlds fatvorite drinks was invented.5、 According to an ancient Chinese legend， the emperor Shen Nong discovered tea(1) according to 是个短语介词,意为 “ ”e.g. According to the radio, it will rain tomorrow.(2)discover意为“发现”，指发现的对象是 。 find意为“找到”，强调 。invent意为“发明”，发明的对象是 。（三）巩固测评 1. 这样，发明了世界上最受喜欢的饮料之一。2. 根据中国古代的传说，神农在室外火炉上烧饮用水时发现了茶。3. 世界上最受欢迎的饮料是偶然发现的。4. 这种饮料直到那之前的三千多年前被发现。（四）作业布置：按要求变换句型。1.Idontlikethisshirtbecauseitistoothinforme.(变为同义句)I_thisshirtbecauseitisntlargeenoughforme.2.Tounderstandwhatheissayingistoodifficult.(变为同义句)_toodifficulttounderstandwhatheissaying.3.Whatsthepopulationofchina?(变为同义句)_isthenumberofpeopleinchina?4.Hesaysthebushasalreadygone.(把主句变为一般过去时态)He_thebus_alreadygone.5.LastSundaynightmyfriendTomcametoseeme.(对划线部分提问)_didyourfriendTom_toseeyou?Period 5 Self-check & Reading 学习目标：1知识目标：WordsandphrasesTalkaboutthehistoryofinventions熟练掌握被动语态用法2能力目标：能在具体语境中正确运用被动语态。3情感目标：培养爱国主义精神。学习重点：重点词汇用法及一般过去时被动语态用法。学习过程:（一） 自主学习 根据课文内容，完成下列任务。完成下列表格，每空词数不限。Information about basketballIn China, basketball (1)_ by many, for fun and exercise.Basketball was invented by James Naismith who was a (2)_.The first basketball game in history was played on Dec. 21st, (3)_.In 1936 in Berlin, basketball game became an (4)_.Now basketball has become a more (5)_ sport for people to watch worldwide. （二）合作探究 判断下列句子的正(T)误(F)。( ) 1. Basketball was invented in 1861. ( ) 2. Dr Naismith created the basketball game which was played indoors at first. ( ) 3. Dr Naismith divided all his classmates into two teams to play his new game.( ) 4. Dr Naismith used the backboard to help the players put the ball into the basket.( ) 5. Till now, there havent been any Chinese basketball players in NBA. 拓展提高1. I prefer lemons to oranges. I like the sour taste.prefer v. ，宁可，宁愿，更喜欢拓展：（1）prefer v. 宁可，宁愿，更喜欢 例如：Do you prefer coffee or tea? 你喜欢咖啡还是茶？（2）preferto 喜欢胜过; 比起更喜欢 例如：她喜欢咖啡胜过茶。 （3）prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿干某事也不干某事 例如：他宁愿呆在家里，也不愿和我们一起去。 （4）prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 比较起干某事来，更喜欢干某事 例如：He always prefers staying at home to walking outside. 比起到外面走走，他一向比较喜欢呆在家里。The sport of basketball is a little over a hundred years old. a little与a bit (1)相同处： 做状语，修饰比较级。例如： He is a little /a bit better tody. 做主语或宾语。例如： Please give me a little/ a bit. (2)不同处： not a little=very not a bit=not at all e.g. He is not a little tired.他非常累。 He is not a bit tired.他一点儿也不累 a bit修饰名词时后常接of,但a little不接of, 而 a bit of 后的of 不可省略，即a little money=a bit of money（三）巩固测评( )1. Theyre making too much noise here. Lets go _. A. somewhere quiet B. nowhere quiet C. everywhere noisy D. anywhere noisy( )2. Didnt he go home last Sunday? _. A. Yes, he did B. No, he didC. Yes, he didnt D. No, he doesnt( )3. _ on real ice is very exciting. A. Skate B. Skates C. Skated D. Skating 4. We have _ our sports meeting till next Monday because of the bad weather. A. put on B. put off C. put down D. put up( )5. _ the students in the primary school is about three thousand, and _ of them are girls. A. A number of, two third B. The number of, two thirds C. A number of, two thirds D. The number of, two third（四）作业布置：用所给词的正确形式填空：1.Thesoupistoo_(salt)Idontlikeit.2.Theflowersproduceda_(please)smell.3.Thepotatochipswereinventedbyachef_(call)GeorgeCrum.4.Whowerethey_(discover)by?5.Itisplayedbymorethan100millionpeopleinover200countries_(include)China6.Ourschool_(built)in1963.7.Haveyougotten_(dress)?Thereislittletimeleft.8.Hewasso_(convince)thatlotsofpeoplebelievedhiswords.9.Ithinkthe_(end)ofthestoryisfunny.10.Jimwasvery_(thrill)becausehisgirlfriendagreedtomarryhim.Period 6 Grammer学习目标：1知识目标：理解清楚本单元的语法。Talkaboutthehistoryofinventions熟练掌握被动语态用法2能力目标：能在具体语境中正确运用被动语态。3情感目标：培养爱国主义精神。学习重点：重点词汇用法及一般过去时被动语态用法。学习过程:（一） 自主学习，理解学习动词的被动语态。 （二）合作学习被动语态1.被动语态的时态:被动语态的时态通过be的变化来体现，它必须与主语的人称、数一致。以下是几种常用的被动语态:(1)一般现在时的被动语态:am/is/are+动词的过去分词。Eg：Thisbookintwolanguages.这本书是用两种语言写的.(2)现在进行时的被动语态:am/is/are+being+动词的过去分词。Eg:Aschoolisbytheworkersnow.工人们正在建一所学校.(3)一般将来时的被动语态:will/begoingto+be+动词的过去分词.Eg:Theprojectwillnextmonth.这项工程下个月就完工.(4)现在完成时的被动语态:have/has+been+动词的过去分词.Eg:Myhomework.我的作业以完成了.(5)一般过去时的被动语态:was/were+动词的过去分词.Eg:Theclassroomthreedaysago.教室是三天前被打扫的.(6)含有情态动词的被动语态:情态动词+be+动词的过去分词.Theclassroomeveryday.教室应该每天都被打扫.2.被动语态的否定句和疑问句:（1）否定句的构成：必须在第一个助动词后加not。Eg：Hishomeworkfinished.他的作业还没有完成。（2）疑问句的构成：将第一个助动词置于主语之前。Eg：Whenthebridge？这座桥是何时建的？3、主动语态变被动语态的方法:（1）把主动语态变的宾语作为被动语态的主语（2）主动语态的谓语改成be+过去分词的形式，作为被动语态的谓语，be随着主语以及时态的变化而变化。（3）主动语态的主语变为by的宾语，有时可以省略。Eg：HeoftenplayscomputergamesComputergamesareoftenplayedbyhim（三）巩固测评1.Theicecreamscoopisusedfors_reallycoldicecream.2.Edisoni_theelectriclightlamp.3.Wehadap_timeattheparty.4.Thedictionaryisveryh_toEnglishlearners.5.Heoftenmakesm_inhisspelling（四）作业布置：句型转换：1.Thestudentscleantheroomeveryday.(改为被动语态)Theroom_bythestudentseveryday.2.Thecomputerwasboughtbymyfatherlastmonth(改为主动主态)Myfather_thecomputerlastmonth.3.Iwasaskedtoplaythepiano.(对划线部分提问)_you_todo?4.Thiskindoftelephonewasinventedin1985.(对划线部分提问)_thiskindoftelephone_?5.Theystayedthereuntil11oclock.(同义句)They_leavethere_11oclock.6.Igottothecinemalate.Thefilmbegan.（合并成一句）WhenIgottothecinema,thefilm_.7.Hegotuptoolate.Hemissedtheearlybusthismorning.（同义句）Hegotup_late_hedidntcatchtheearlybusthismorning.Period 7 Review学习目标：1知识目标：复习巩固清楚本单元的语法。Talkaboutthehistoryofinventions熟练掌握被动语态用法2能力目标：能在具体语境中正确运用被动语态。3情感目标：培养爱国主义精神。学习重点：重点词汇用法及一般过去时被动语态用法。学习过程:(一） 自主学习，理解学习动词的被动语态。 （二）合作学习被动语态的注意方法:（1）在主动句中动词mak