初中英语代词考点汇总.doc

初中英语代词考点汇总一、定义与分类代词是代替名词及起名词作用的短语或句子的词。代词根据其意思和用法可分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、疑问代词、不定代词。二、人称代词，物主代词，反身代词用法概述这三种代词都有人称（一、二、三人称）的变化、数（单、复数）的变化。其中，人称代词除了这三种变化外，还有格（主格、宾格）的变化。物主代词又包括两种形式：形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。特别注意：形容词性物主代词its没有相应的名词性物主代词。这三种代词的形式变化表如下：人称单复数主 格宾 格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词反身代词第一人称单 数Imemyminemyself复 数weusouroursourselves第二人称单 数youyouyouryoursyourself复 数youyouyouryoursyourselves第三人称单 数hehimhishishimselfsheherherhersherselfititits无itself复 数theythemtheirtheirsthemselves三、人称代词1、定义：人称代词是用来指代人、动物或事物的代词。2、用法：人称代词在句中可作主语、宾语和表语。1）作主语 主格e.g. Im a teacher, and he is a doctor.2) 作宾语 宾格e.g. I saw him at the party. I bought them a book.3) 做表语 宾格e.g. The person who will teach you English is me.【真题】1. Mr. Wang is very friendly, and_ like him very much. 【2009 北京】A. we B. us C. our D. ours2.My English is so poor, please help_ to improve it. 【2012贵州铜仁】A. me B. I C. my D. mine3. Han Han is very popular among the teenagers. We all like_. 【2012江苏淮安】A. he B. him C. his D. himself四、形容词性物主代词1. 用法：1) 作定语，相当于一个形容词，不能单独使用。基本句型是形容词性物主代词+名词。e.g. Here is my dog. Its name is Tom.2）当形容词性物主代词与形容词一起修饰名词时，其顺序是：形容词性物主代词+形容词+名词。e.g. This is my new bike.3） 当名词前有形容词性物主代词修饰时,不能再用冠词a, an或the来修饰名词。e.g. 正That is my bike.误That is my a bike. / That is a my bike.4） 当名词前有形容词性物主代词修饰时,不能再用指示代词this, that, these或those来修饰名词。e.g. 正Their computers are here. 误Their those computers are here.【真题】1. Please give _ English book to her. 【2012贵州毕节】A. me B. I C. mine D. my五 、名词性物主代词1.基本句式：名词性物主代词后不能跟名词，或代词one。它总是单独出现在句中。名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词e.g. The umbrella is mine.2.用法：1）作主语e.g. May I use your pen? Yours works better. 2）作宾语e.g. I love my motherland as much as you love yours. 3）作介词宾语e.g. I am writing with your pen, not with mine.4）作表语e.g. This book is yours. 【真题】1. Oh，I came in a hurry and forgot to bring food. 【2011. 广东】It doesnt matter. You can have _.A. we B. us C. our D. ours 2. Are these books _? 【2011. 广东深圳】No, they are not mine. They belong to _.A. your; her B. yours; her C. you; hers D. yours; she3. Here is a schoolbag. Whose is it? 【2012 福建福州】Oh, its_. Thank you.A. my B. mine C. me六、反身代词1.定义：如人称代词一致，反身代词的人称和数以及性要和它所指代的名词或代词一致。2.反身代词的用法：1）作宾语e.g. She is too young to look after herself.2）作表语e.g. That poor boy was myself.3）作同位语。主要用于加强被修饰词的语气，可紧放在被修饰名词后或句末。e.g. He himself was a doctor. =He was a doctor himself.4）用于 be, feel, seem, look 等后作表语表示身体或精神处于正常状态。e.g. Ill be myself again in no time.5）有些动词需要有反身代词：absent，bathe，amuse，blame，dry，cut，enjoy，hurt，introduce，behavee.g. We enjoyed ourselves very much last night. 6）by + 反身代词自己做某事，独自做某事。e.g. Can you do it all by yourself, Jill?【真题】1. Dont worry about me, Im old enough to think for _.【2012 河北】A. himself B. herself C. yourself D. myself2. I guess Peter and his sister Sally enjoyed _at the dancing party. 【2012湖北孝感】A. myself B. himself C. herself D. themselves七、指示代词this，that, these, those1.this / these1）近指：e.g. This is my pen.These are my books.2) 指下文要提到的事：e.g. Please remember this: No pains, no gains.2. that/ those1) 远指：e.g. That is her bike.Those are my sheep.2) 指前面刚提到的事：e.g. He was ill. That was why he didnt go to school.3. 打电话时用this 介绍自己。e.g. Hello！This is Mike.4. that，those 常用在比较句型中。e.g. The weather in Shenzhen is much warmer than that in Beijing.【真题】1. As for learning English, students who read a lot can do much better than_who dont. 【2012 内蒙古】A. those B. that C. these D. them2. John, someone in your class phoned you this morning. Oh, who is _? 【2010 东莞】A. he B. she C. it D. that八、疑问代词疑问代词即指who, whom, whose, which, what等用于引出特殊疑问句的代词。它们在句中可用作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。1. who 作主语，表语，宾语e.g. Who are you talking to? Who wants to go with me?2. whom who 的宾格形式，作宾语e.g. To whom are you talking?3. whose who 的所有格，作主语、表语、宾语、定语。e.g. Whose book is this?4. what用来询问某人职业who 用来询问某人身份、姓名e.g. Whats your father?He is a worker.Who is the boy under the tree?He is Tom.5. what 指不定数目中的一个，一些，什么，没有一定范围的限定。 which“哪一个”，在一定范围内特指的人或物。e.g. What would you like ? Which do you prefer, summer or winter?【练习】_ is your sister?She is a nurse.A Who B What C Where D How九、不定代词1.定义：不定代词是不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词。2.分类及用法：1）some和any类别：u some（something，somebody，someone，somewhere）常用于肯定句和表示建议的疑问句u any（anything，anybody，anyone，anywhere）常用于疑问句和否定句e.g. I want some apples. There isnt any paper in the box. Will you go and get some for me?u 形容词修饰不定代词语序不定代词+形容词e.g. Lets give her something delicious to eat. Theres something wrong with the machine.【真题】 Mom, Bill is coming to dinner this evening. 【2011 河源】 OK. Lets give him _ to eat.A. anything different B. different anythingC. something different C. different something2) no（nothing，nobody，no one）常用于否定句中。e.g. Theres nothing important in todays newspaper, is there?【真题】How is Helen in the new school? 【2012 安徽省】She is doing very well. There is _ to worry about.A something B anything C nothing D everything3) every（everything，everybody，everyone，everywhere）每一个e.g. Is everyone here today? No, Li Lei isnt here.【真题】Have you brought with you? We wont have time to come back. 【2010 广州】Dont worry. All the things we need are here, in this big bag.A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything4) all+ V复三者及以上都both+ V复两者都eitheror + V就近 两者中的任何一个e.g. Here are two papers, you may have either of them. All the students are good at singing.【真题】1. Both Li Lei and Han Meimei _ fond of the TV program A Bite of China. 【2012年广东省】 A. is B. am C. was D.are5) none+ V复三者及以上都不 neithernor+ V就近两者中任何一个都不e.g. None of the shoes in the shop were the right size for me.They are both good at English, but neither of them is good at maths.【真题】Which basketball player do you like best, Kobe, James or Jordan? 【2012年广东省】- _ of them .Lin shuhao is my favorite.A. All B. None C. Either D. Neither6) much 修饰不可数名词，可与表示程度的副词so, too, as, how 连用。 many 修饰可数名词，可与表示程度的副词so, too, as, how 连用。e.g. Therere too many mistakes in your homework. He never eats too much bread.7) a few 修饰可数名词,表示“有一点” few 修饰可数名词,表示否定意思，“几乎没有” a little 修饰不可数名词,表示“有一点” little 修饰不可数名词,表示否定意思，“几乎没有”表示肯定（一点儿，几个）表示否定（几乎没有）加名词a littlelittle+不可数名词a fewfew+可数名词e.g. There is little time left. Hurry up! He knows little French, but he has a few French friends.【真题】Though it was raining hard outside, we could see_people in the street. 【2011年茂名】A. few B. a few C. a little8) other, the other, another, others, the others用法代词形容词单数复数单数复数不定another另一个others别的/其他的another（boy）另一个男孩other boys其他男孩特定the other另一个the others其余那些人/物the other（boy）另一个男孩the other boys其余那些男孩another三者或三者以上中的另一个，在原先基础上增加一个。the other 两者中的另一个the others 表示特定范围内出去一部分后剩余的全体others 指除去一部分后的另一些，但不是指剩下的全部e.g. Therere two pens on the desk. One is Lilys, the other is Lucys. I dont like this one, show me another, please. Of the five students, one is going home, the others are going to the cinema. Therere lots of people in the park. Some are walking and others are climbing the hills.【真题】How dangerous! She was driving the car with one hand and holding an ice cream with _.【2011 广州】 A. the other B. anot