实验六 继承与派生.doc

继承与组合一、实验目的1了解继承在面向对象程序设计中的重要作用。2进一步理解继承与派生的概念。3掌握通过继承派生出一个新的类的方法。4了解虚基类的作用和用法。5掌握类的组合二、实验内容1请先阅读下面的程序，写出程序运行的结果，然后再上机运行程序，验证自己分析的结果是否正确。(1)#include using namespace std;class Apublic: A()coutA:A() called.n; virtual A()coutA:A() called.n; class B:public A public: B(int i) coutB:B() called.n; buf=new chari; virtual B() delete buf; coutB:B() called.n; private: char *buf; ; void fun(A *a) coutMay you succeed!endl; delete a; int main() A *a=new B(15); fun(a); return 0;1、（1）程序运行结果：A:A() called.B:B() called.May you succeed!B:B() called.A:A() called.(2)#includeusing namespace std;class Apublic:A(int a,int b):x(a),y(b) coutA constructor.endl;void Add(int a,int b) x+=a;y+=b;void display() cout(x,y);A()coutdestructor A.endl;private:int x,y;class B:private Aprivate:int i,j;A Aobj;public:B(int a,int b,int c,int d):A(a,b),i(c),j(d),Aobj(1,1) coutB constructor.endl;void Add(int x1,int y1,int x2,int y2)A:Add(x1,y1);i+=x2; j+=y2;void display()A:display();Aobj.display();cout(i,j)endl;B()coutdestructor B.endl; ;int main()B b(1,2,3,4);b.display();b.Add(1,3,5,7);b.display(); return 0;（2）程序运行结果：A constructor.A constructor.B constructor.(1,2) (1,1) (3,4)(2,5) (1,1) (8,11)destructor B.destructor A.destructor A.(3)#includeusing namespace std;class Apublic:A(int a):x(a) coutA constructor.xendl;int f()return +x;A()coutdestructor A.endl;private:int x;class B:public virtual Aprivate:int y;A Aobj;public:B(int a,int b,int c):A(a),y(c),Aobj(c) coutB constructor.yendl;int f()A:f();Aobj.f();return +y;void display()coutA:f()tAobj.f()tf()endl;B()coutdestructor B.endl; ;class C:public Bpublic:C(int a,int b,int c):B(a,b,c),A(0) coutC constructor.endl;class D:public C,public virtual Apublic:D(int a,int b,int c):C(a,b,c),A(c) coutD constructor.endl;D()coutdestructor D.endl;int main()D d(7,8,9);d.f();d.display();return 0;（3）程序运行结果：A constructor.9A constructor.9B constructor.9C constructor.D constructor.12 12 11destructor D.destructor B.destructor A.destructor A.(4)#include using namespace std;class Base1public:Base1()coutclass Base1!endl;class Base2public:Base2()coutclass Base2!endl;class Level1:public Base2,virtual public Base1public:Level1()coutclass Level1!endl;class Level2: public Base2,virtual public Base1public:Level2()coutclass Level2!endl;class TopLevel:public Level1,virtual public Level2public:TopLevel()coutclass TopLevel!endl;int main()TopLevel obj;return 0;（4）程序运行结果：class Base1!class Base12class Leve12!class Base2!class Leve11!class TopLeve1!2某出版系统发行图书和磁带，利用继承设计管理出版物的类。要求如下：建立一个基类Publication存储出版物的标题title、出版物名称name、单价price及出版日期date。用Book类和Tape类分别管理图书和磁带，它们都从Publication类派生。Book类具有保存图书页数的数据成员page，Tape类具有保存播放时间的数据成员playtime。每个类都有构造函数、析构函数，且都有用于从键盘获取数据的成员函数inputData()，用于显示数据的成员函数display()。2、#include using namespace std;#include class Datepublic:Date()Date(int y,int m,int d);Date(Date &d);void SetDate(int y,int m,int d);void ShowDate();private: int year,month,day;Date:Date(int y,int m,int d)year=y;month=m;day=d; Date:Date(Date &d)year=d.year;month=d.month;day=d.day; void Date:SetDate(int y,int m,int d)year=y;month=m;day=d; void Date:ShowDate()coutyear年month月day日endl; class Timepublic:Time()Time(int h,int m,int s);Time(Time &t);void SetTime(int h,int m,int s);void ShowTime();private: int hour,minute,second;Time:Time(int h,int m,int s)hour=h;minute=m;second=s; Time:Time(Time &t) hour=t.hour;minute=t.minute;second=t.second; void Time:SetTime(int h,int m,int s) hour=h;minute=m;second=s; void Time:ShowTime()couthour:minute:secondendl; class Publicationpublic: Publication()Publication(string title,string name,float price,int y,int m,int d);void inputData();void display();private:string title;string name;float price;Date date;Publication:Publication(string title,string name,float price,int y,int m,int d):title(title),name(name),price(price),date(y,m,d)void Publication:inputData()coutPlease input title, name, price, publication date of a book:titlenameprice;int year,month,day;cinyearmonthday;date.SetDate(year,month,day);void Publication:display()couttitle=titleendl;coutname=nameendl;coutprice=priceendl;coutpage=page;void Book:inputData()Publication:inputData();coutPlease the pages of the book:page;void Book:display()Publication:display();coutpage=pageendl;class Tape:public Publicationpublic:Tape()Tape(string title,string name,float price,int y,int m,int d,Time playtime);void inputData();void display();private:Time playtime;Tape:Tape(string title,string name,float price,int y,int m,int d,Time playtime):Publication(title,name,price,y,m,d),playtime(playtime)void Tape:inputData()Publication:inputData();coutPlease the playtime of the tape:hourminutesecond;playtime.SetTime(hour,minute,second);void Tape:display()Publication:display();coutplaytime=;playtime.ShowTime();int main()Book book1(教材,C+程序设计,30.00,2009,6,1,300);book1.display();coutendl;Time time1(30,10,20); Tape tape1(磁带,C+程序设计视频,10.00,2009,8,1,time1);tape1.display();Book book2;book2.inputData();book2.display();coutendl;Tape tape2;tape2.inputData();tape2.display();return 0;3分别定义教师类Teacher和干部类Cadre，采用多重继承的方式由这两个类派生出新类Teacher_Cadre（教师兼干部类）。要求：（1）在两个基类中都包含姓名、年龄、性别、地址、电话数据成员。（2）在Teacher类中还包含数据成员职称title，在Cadre类中还包含数据成员职务post，在Teacher_Cadre类中还包含数据成员工资wage。（3）对两个基类中的姓名、年龄、性别、地址、电话数据成员用相同的名字，在访问这类数据成员时，指定作用域。（4）在类体中声明成员函数，在类外定义成员函数。（5）在派生类Teacher_Cadre的成员函数show中调用Teacher类中的display函数，输出姓名、年龄、性别、地址、电话，然后再用cout语句输出职务和工资。3、#include#include using namespace std;class Teacher public: Teacher(string nam,int a,char s,string tit,string ad,string t); void display(); protected: string name; int age; char sex; string title; string addr; string tel;Teacher:Teacher(string nam,int a,char s,string tit,string ad,string t): name(nam),age(a),sex(s),title(tit),addr(ad),tel(t) void Teacher:display() coutname:nameendl; coutageageendl; coutsex:sexendl; couttitle:titleendl; coutaddress:addrendl; couttel:telendl; class Cadre public: Cadre(string nam,int a,char s,string p,string ad,string t); void display(); protected: string name; int age; char sex; string post; string addr; string tel; ; Cadre:Cadre(string nam,int a,char s,string p,string ad,string t): name(nam),age(a),sex(s),post(p),addr(ad),tel(t)void Cadre:display() coutname:nameendl; coutage:ageendl; coutsex:sexendl; coutpost:postendl; coutaddress:addrendl; couttel:telendl;class Teacher_Cadre:public Teacher,public Cadre public: Teacher_Cadre(string nam,int a,char s,string tit,string p,string ad,string t,float w); void show( ); private: float wage; ; Teacher_Cadre:Teacher_Cadre(string nam,int a,char s,string t,string p,string ad,string tel,float w): Teacher(nam,a,s,t,ad,tel),Cadre(nam,a,s,p,ad,tel),wage(w) void Teacher_Cadre:show( ) Teacher:display(); coutpost:Cadre:postendl; coutwages:wageendl;int main( ) Teacher_Cadre te_ca(Wang-li,50,f,prof.,president,135 Beijing Road,Shanghai,(021)61234567,1534.5); te_ca.show( ); return 0;4按下列要求编写程序。（1）定义一个分数类Score。它有3个数据成员：Chinese /语文课成绩English /英语课成绩Mathematics /数学课成绩2个构造函数：无参的和带参数的3个成员函数：是否带参数根据需要自定sum() /计算三门课总成绩print() /输出三门课成绩和总成绩modify() /修改三门课成绩（2）定义一个学生类Student。它有3个数据成员：Num /学号Name /姓名MyScore /成绩2个构造函数：无参的和带参数的3个成员函数：是否带参数根据需要自定sum() /计算某学生三门课总成绩print() /输出某学生学号、姓名和成绩modify() /修改某学生学号、姓名和成绩（3）在主函数中，先定义一个学生类对象数组，再通过for循环给对象数组赋上实际值，最后输出对象数组个元素的值。4、#include#includeusing namespace std;class scorepublic:score()chinese=0;english=0;mathematics=0;score(float ch,float en,float ma):chinese(ch),english(en),mathematics(ma)float sum(); void print(); void modify(); private:float chinese;float english;float mathematics;class studentpublic:student():myscore(0,0,0)num=000000000;name=无;student(string n,string na,float m,float c,float e):num(n),name(na),myscore(m,c,e)float sum(); void print(); void modify(); private:string num; string name; score myscore; ;float score:sum()return(chinese+english+mathematics);void score:print()cout语文chineseendl;cout英语englishendl;cout数学mathematicsendl;cout总成绩sum()endl;coutendlendlendl;void score:modify()cout请输入三门成绩chinese;cinenglish;cinmathematics;coutendlendlendl;float student:sum()return(myscore.sum();void student:print()cout学号:numendl;cout姓名:nameendl;myscore.print();void student:modify()cout请输入学号,姓名和成绩:num;cinname; myscore.modify();int main()student st3; cout请输入学生信息:endl;for(int i=0;i3;i+)sti.modify();for(int i=0;i3;i+)sti.print();return 0;5编写一个程序实现小型公司的人员信息管理系统。该公司雇员（employee）包括经理（manager），技术人员（technician）、销售员（salesman）和销售部经理（salesmanager）。要求存储这些人员的姓名、编号、级别、当月薪水，计算月薪并显示全部信息。程序要对所有人员有提升级别的功能。为简单起见，所有人员的初始级别均为1，然后进行升级，经理升为4级，技术人员和销售部经理升为3级，销售员仍为1级。月薪计算办法是：经理拿固定月薪8000元，技术人员按每小时100元领取月薪，销售员按该当月销售额4%提成，销售经理既拿固定月工资也领取销售提成，固定月工资为5000元，销售提成为所管辖部门当月销售额的5。#include#includeusing namespace std;class employee /虚基类public:employee()coutID;coutname;salary=0; /月薪virtual void pay()=0; /月薪计算函数virtual void show()=0;protected:string name; /姓名int ID; /职工编号double salary; /月薪;class technician:virtual public employeepublic: