医学专业词根总结.doc

Combining for Major Organs of the Body名称通用名前缀常用形容词示例心heartcardio-cardial的cardium, carditis, cardiology脑brainencephalo-cerebral大脑的cerebrum, encephalitis, encephalology肺lungpulmo-pulmonarypulmonitis, pulmonectomy, pulmonology肝liverhepato-hepatichepatitis, hepatobiliary, hepatology胃stomachgastro-gastricgastritis, gastrointestinal, gastrology胆gallbladderchole-biliary胆汁的cholecystitis, cholinergic, cholecystectomy肠intestineentero-intestinalenteritis, enterectomy, 脾spleenspleno-splenicsplenitis, splenectomy, splenology胰pancreaspancreato-pancreaticpancreatitis, pancreatectomy, pancreatopathy肾kidneynephro-renal/nephricnephritis, nephropathy, nephrology名称通用名前 (后) 缀示例血blood hemo-/hemato- hemorrhage / hematology血管vessel vaso-vasoactive / vasography静脉 vein veno-venography / venous动脉artery arterio-arteriography / arteriosclerosis神经 nerveneur-/neuro-neural / neuralgia髓 marrow myel-/myelo-myeloid / myelitis细胞 cell cyto-/cyte-cytology/cytobiology尿 urine uro-/ur-urology/urosurgery体 body somato-/-some somatology / somatopsychicPrefixes and suffixes related to diseases and disorders含义前（后）缀示例相反dis- disease/disorder/disability困难/障碍dys-dysfunction/dyspepsia/dyspnea不良mal-malfunction/malnutrition/malpractice炎症-itisappendicitis/bronchitis/arthritis瘤/块 -omalymphoma/adenoma/hematoma血症-emia leukemia/septisemia/bacteremia痛-algia/-algesia/alge-/algo-analgesia/hypoalgesia/algometer麻痹-plegia hemiplegia/pamplegia/myoplegia流出-rrheadiarrhea/hypermenorrhea坏死-necrosis/necro-/necr-hepatonecrosis/myonecrosis/necrospermia结石litho-/-lithlithiasis/lithogenesis/cholelithesWord-building数字前缀示例半hemi-hemiplegia, hemianopia, hemicolectomy单/ 一mono-, uni-monomer, monoclone, uniceptor一倍半sesqui-sesquicarbonate, sesquioxide, sesquiterpene双/二di-, di-, diplo-, amb-, amphi-, ampho-bicavity, dipeptide, diplobacillus, ambosexual, amphinucleolus三tri-triamine, triacid, trigeminal nerve四quadra-, quadri-, tetra-quadratus, quadriplegia, tetracycline, tetramer五penta-, pento-pentacyclic, pentadactyl, pentachloride六hex-, hexa-hexachlorophene, hexane, hexahydric七hept-, hepta-, sept-heptaploid, heptose, septavalent八octa-, octo-octose, octahedral, octagon九nona-nonagon, nonapeptide, nonipara十deca-decagram, deciliter, decanormal含义前（后）缀示例相反dis- disease/disorder/disability困难/障碍dys-dysfunction (器官)功能紊乱 dyspepsiadispepsi消化不良dyspnea dispni:【病理学】(尤指导致某些人睡眠中呼吸间歇性停止的)呼吸困难dyspnea dispni: n.difficult or labored respiration不良mal-malfunction机能障碍 malnutrition营养不良；营养失调malpractice (医生或律师等专业人员的)失职行为，治疗不当；治疗错误；医疗事故炎症-itisappendicitis ,pendisaitis 【病理学】阑尾炎 bronchitis brkaitis 【病理学】 支气管炎 arthritis :raitis 【病理学】关节炎瘤/块 -omalymphoma limfum 【病理学】淋巴瘤；淋巴组织瘤 adenoma adenoma【病理学】腺瘤hematoma ,hi:mtum, ,hem- 病理 血肿血症-emia leukemia ljuki:mi 【病理学】白血病亦作 leucemia septicemia ,septisi:mi 败血症；败血病bacteremia bktri:mi 【病理学】菌血症bacteremia bktri:mi n.transient presence of bacteria (or other microorganisms) in the blood痛-algia/-algesia/alge-/algo-analgesia ,nldi:zj 【病理学】痛觉缺失(或消失)；止痛analgesia ,nldi:zj n.absence of the sense of pain without loss of consciousnesshypoalgesia痛觉减退algometerlmit 【医学】痛觉计algometer lmit n.device for measuring pain caused by pressure麻痹-plegia hemiplegia ,hemipli:di 【病理学】偏瘫，半身不遂hemiplegia ,hemipli:di n.paralysis of one side of the bodypamplegia pmpli:di 全麻痹myoplegia肌麻痹, 肌瘫痪流出-rrhea diarrhea,dairi 腹泻，痢疾infantile diarrhea 幼儿腹泻；婴儿腹泻 n.腹泻，痢疾dysentery hypermeno