《英国人的姓名》PPT课件.ppt

AFewWordsonEnglishName By冯玉兰200911010326 BriefIntroductionofEnglishNameIntheancientBritish peopleonlyhaveanameornickname Thesurnameisthenameofclan Everybody snameornicknamejustowntohimselforherself Thatistosay theirnamescouldn tbecaughtonbytheirchildrenandgrandchildren However EnglishusedthesurnameaftertheinvadingofGermanicpeople TheGermanicpeoplebroughttheirsurnamecultureintotheEngland whenconqueredtheirland JustasourChineseancientsurname Britishsurnamewastightlylinkedwithfeudalsystemandpatriarchsystem Onlydidthenoblehaverighttoownsurnames whilethecommondidnot Butastimewentby thesurnamewaswentdowntothecommonsothateverybodyhastheirsurnamenowadays ItisworthpointingthatBritishnamewaslargelyeffectedbytheGermanicpeople Contents 1 TheformofEnglishname2 TheoriginofEnglishname3 Thepresentationofrelationshipandoccupationbysurname 1 TheformofEnglishname Englishnameconsistsoftwopartsorthreeparts nameinfrontofsurname ThefirstpartisChristiannameorfirstname givenname forename Generallyspeaking everyBritishhasChristiannamebecauseoftheirreligion Whenthekidisborn theparentswilltakehimorhertothechurchforbaptism whichshowsthekidbecomesaChristian AndthenheorshewillbegivenaChristianname Thesecondpartismiddlenamesecondname Thisisgivenbykid sparent god fatherorgod mother Notallpeoplehavetheirsecondname somepeoplehaven t BeforetheGermanicpeopleinvadingEngland Englishpeopledidnothavethesecondname andtheystartedtouseitinthe19thcentury Thethirdpartissurnameorlastname familyname Thefamilynameisinheritedfromtheclan Butwhengirlsmarriestheirhusbands theywillchangestheirformerfamilynameintotheirhusbandfamilyname LikeourChinese someBritishalsohavecompoundsurname Inadditiontothesethreepartsofname Britishalsohavenickname pet name 昵称 爱称 andbyname 或称 2 TheoriginofEnglishname 1 Thesurnameisnamedafterthenameofplaces residencesorcities Forexample thesurnameSheffeildcomesfromtheSheffeildParkinSussexCounty KentcomesfromKentCounty Someofthemusethenameofmountain riverorspringwaterastheirsurname suchas Bedwell Cliff andGreenhill Thesesurnamesimplythattheirancestorsoncelivedbycliffs riversormountains Someofthemusethelivingpositionsintheirvillagesoftheirancestorsastheirsurname Forinstance Western Eastern andNorthern Butifsomebody ssurnameisWest East NorthorSouth thatmeanshecomesfromthewest oreastintheircountry ThesurnameofScott KentisorFrankisnamedafternationalities 2 Usingoccupationsandofficialpositionassurnames Steward anofficerinloyalhousehold 皇家管家 Marshall 元帅 Butler 男管家 Chambers 贵族管家 Coward 放牛人 Smith 铁匠 stringer 制绳匠 SomepeoplewouldliketousethenameoffiguresorsaintsinBibleassurnames suchas Adam Eva ClementorSolomen Thecolorandthenameofanimalsandplantsalsoareusedasnames Thepresentationofrelationshipandoccupationbysurname Suffix son Itshowstherelationshipoffatherandson suchas Johnson RobinsonandStevenson 2 Prefix Mac O orFits Mac oftenputinfrontoffather sname whichmeansthesonofthefather forexample MacDonald andthisismorepopularwithIrishandScottish The Mac canbeabbreviated Mc or M O isusedinfrontofIrishname whichalsoreveals thesonof O Brien O Henry O Nellandsoon Fits comesfromFrench andalsoshow thesonofsomebody Fitzwilliam Fitzalan Fitzwaterandsoon Fits alsocanbewroteas Fit and Fitz 4 Suffix smith 铁匠 Itshowswhatworkthemandoes S