There be 句型详细讲解.doc

There be 句型一肯定句：“There be+主语（某人/某物）+介词短语”，表示“（在）某地有某人/某物”。这里的be的单复数形式要采取“就近一致”原则，即合靠近be的主语保持一致。具体地说，there后面第一个主语，若是单数时，be就用is/was;若是复数时be就用are/were。如：There are three people in my family. 我家有三口人。There is a pen and two books on the desk.书桌上有一支钢笔和两本书。二否定式：“There be +not+主语+介词短语”。如：There isnt a boy in the room.房间里没有一个男孩。There arent any books on the desk.书桌上没有书。注意：“There be句型”的否定式的构成和含有be动词的其他句型一样，在be后加not或no即可。注意not和no的不同：not是副词，no为形容词，所以not a/an/any+n.相当于no+n.。例如：There are some pictures on the wall.There arent any pictures on the wall.=There are no pictures on the wall.There is a bike behind the tree.There isnt a bike behind the tree.=There is no bike behind the tree.三疑问式：Be there+主语+介词短语？”。肯定回答是：“Yes, there be.”否定回答是：“No, there+be与not的缩写形式”。如：Is there a lamp in your bedroom?在你的卧室里有台灯吗？Yes, there is.是的，有。Are there any clock in the living room?客厅里有钟吗？No, there arent.不，没有。四特殊疑问句：“There be句型”的特殊疑问句形式有以下三种变化：1.对主语提问：当主语是人时，用“Who+be+介词短语？”；当主语是物时，用“What+be+介词短语？”。注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对其提问时一般都用be的单数形式（回答时却要根据实际情况来确定）。如：There are many things over there.Whats over there?There was a little girl in the roomWho was in the room?2.对地点状语提问：提问地点用“Where+be+主语？”。例如：There is a computer on the desk.Where is the computer?There were four children on the playground.Where were the four children?3.对数量提问：一般有两种句型结构：How many+复数名词+are/were (there)+介词短语？例如：Therere many children in the park. How many children are(there)in the park?How much+不可数名词+is/was there+介词短语？例如：There was little rain around the year. How much rain was (there)around the year?五There be 的其他用法1.there be与have的替换。there be表示所属关系时可与have替换。There is nothing but a book in my bag.=I have nothing but a book in my bag.我书包里只有一本书。There are forty students in our class.=Our class has forty students.我们班有四十名学生。2.there be后接表示物的主语时，后面常接不定式作定语，不定式常用主动形式表示被动意义。There is a lot of work to do.有许多工作要做。3.there be后接表示人或动物的主语时，后面长接V-ing形式作定语。There are some children playing downstairs.几个孩子在楼下玩呢。4.与其他词连用，构成复合谓语。如：There may be a heavy rain this afternoon.今天下午可能有一场大雨。There used to be a cinema here before the war.战前这里有一个电影院。5.there be结构中的be根据所表达的句意需要，可用live，stand，remain等代替。如：Once there lived a king who cared more about new clothes than anything else.从前有一个国王，他喜欢衣物胜过一切。There stands a high mountain in the middle of the woods.丛林中叠立着一座高山。6.there be结构的反意疑问句应与there be对应，而不是依据主语。如：There is a radio on the table, isnt there? 桌上有台收音机，是吗？There arent any fish in the river, are there? 河