英语单项知识的解与练习(83).docx

英语单项知识的讲解与练习（83）411. cooperate 的用法cooperate vi.合作, 协作； cooperation合作、配合；例句：I am so happy tocooperatewith you.很高兴与你合作。I advise you not tocooperatewith that deceitful businessman.我建议你不要和那个不诚实的商人合作。We need tocooperateperfectly to win the game.要想赢得比赛，我们需密切配合。If they cancooperatewith each other, everything should run smoothly.如果你们能互相配合，一切都会顺利的。短语：in cooperation with与合作、与协同；cooperate in在方面合作；cooperate in a movement在运动中合作；cooperate on在方面合作；cooperate on a problem在某问题上合作；cooperate towards the end协力达到那个目标；cooperate with与合作,同协力,与相配合；用法：cooperate的基本意思是“配合”,指某人或某组织在某方面按合同等方式进行合作,也可表示为某一目的共同合作做某事,还可表示自愿地协助或配合某人做某事。因为cooperate本身就有“彼此合作”的意思,所以其后不能跟mutually, with each other, together, jointly之类的词。cooperate是不及物动词,后接in，介词的宾语为名词或动名词，表示“在方面合作”。如：They cooperated in the movement. 后接with，介词的宾语为人，表示“与某人合作”。如：You should cooperate with your colleagues（同事）.练习：Tomorrow the mayor is to _a group of Canadian businessmen on a tour of the city. A. coordinate B. cooperate C. accompany D. associate It is required that the two sides_cooperate with each other to solve the problems. A. might B. should C. needD. couldEverything_to make the party a success. A.coordinated B.cooperated C.accompanied D.associated Letscooperate_ the work done quickly. A.get B.got C.to get D.getting 412. correspond的用法correspond (v)一致、与相当、通信；例句：Your account and herscorrespond.你的说法跟她的说法一致。Your account of eventscorrespondswith hers.你说的情况跟她说的相符。The American Congresscorrespondsto the British Parliament.美国的国会相当于英国的议会。Icorrespondwith him regularly.我经常和他通信。The two sisterscorrespondevery week.这两姐妹每周通信。短语：seldom correspond难得一致；correspond about通信谈；correspond for a newspaper给报社做通信员；correspond to和符合,与相称,相当于；correspond with和相当,和符合,和通信；用法：correspond后接介词to，介词宾语为事或物，表示“相当于、符合”。如：His answer corresponds to my expectation. 后接with，表示“符合、与通信”。如：The house exactly corresponds to my needs./ I corresponded with her while she was away.correspond还可作“通信”解。练习：To our puzzlement, the written record of our conversation doesnt_what was actually said. A. submit to B. correspond with C. contribute toD. cater toEach member country of WTO must_its laws and regulations and compete on the principle of fairness and cooperation. A. cater to B. correspond to C. relate to D. submit toHer actions do not_ her words. A. submit to B. correspond with C. contribute toD. cater toRed lines on the map_ major roads. A. cater to B. correspond to C. relate to D. submit to413. aside的用法aside在（到、向）旁边。例句：This is surely an authorsaside.这当然是作者的旁白。He spoke in anasideof his family.他离开本题谈起他的家庭。She has cast her old friendsaside.她把老朋友都撇在一边。Before it could be spoken another thought turned itaside.还没有来得及讲出口,却让另外一个念头把它岔了开去。短语： aside from除了以外；put aside收起、取消、积蓄；lay aside存蓄；brush aside漠视，撇开不管；扫除，清除；cast aside除掉；丢弃；脱去；draw aside把拉开；把拉到一边；elbow aside粗暴地把推向一边；使让地方给另一人；fling aside把扔在一边；漠视，撇开不管；抛弃；go aside走到一边；离开其他人；用法：aside的基本意思是“在一边,到旁边”,多用于修饰动态动词,指为了某种目的而从某处移到与其相对的一边。aside作“除外”“撇开不谈”解时主要用于名词之后，多出现在句首的独立结构中。aside from主要用于美式英语中，与apart from的意义和用法完全相同，可表示“除之外(别无)”，也可表示“除之外(尚有)”。练习：_ being fun, boxing is a very useful skill. A. Aside from B. Aside for C. Aside away from D. Lay asideIf you are the judge, you must _ your personal feelings. A. set at B. set beside C. set out D. set asideIt is a good idea. But whos going to _ the plan? I think Tom and Mike will. A. set aside B. carry out C. take in D. get throughThe car manufacture has _, 1000 workers because of the drop in sales. A. laid out B. laid off C. laid down D. laid aside414. ask的用法ask问、请求、要求。例句：May Iaska question?我可以问一个问题吗？Im calling toaskyou about the delivery.我打电话给你,是询问发货的事。Did she ask to leave any message? 她提出留下什么话吗？He asks that she (should) attend the meeting. 他要她参加会议；短语：ask for somebody 要求见到某人、要求与某人联系；ask about something询问有关某事；ask somebody for something 要求某人给予某物；ask my opinion of the picture 征求我对画的意见(无形的)/ ask for something 要求得到某物(要求的对象是有形的东西，如：job, book)；ask how to fix the radio；ask somebody to do something；ask somebody the time(双宾语)；ask somebody about something询问某人有关某事；ask in请求某人进来；ask off请假；ask on继续问；ask out请(某人)外出吃饭、看戏等；ask over请(某人)来自己家；ask up请(某人)上楼；ask after问候；ask for请求,要求,要求见到(某人),招惹(麻烦等)；ask from请求；ask into调查；ask of向(某人)请求或要求(某事或某物)；ask to邀请(某人)参加(某活动)；ask with用(方式)问；用法：ask后可带直接宾语和间接宾语，如askhis name和askhim。也可带双宾语，但是要注意将间接宾语（指人的词）先放在前面，中间不需要任何介词连接。如：She asked me my opinion.她问我的意见。ask后可接of，但多半情况下，省略of。如句子Iasked him a question比Iasked a question of him的用法普遍，而 She has a question toask(of) you和sheasked (of) me中的of均可省略。不过，在特定的句子中，of 不可省略。如：I am afraid it is too much to ask of him.句中的ask做请求的意思。ask用作及物动词,其后可接名词、代词、带或不带疑问词的动词不定式或that/wh-从句作宾语, that从句中常使用虚拟式。ask还可接以动词不定式充当补足语的复合宾语。ask也可接双宾语,这时两个宾语都是直接宾语,指物的直接宾语可由名词、代词、带疑问词的动词不定式或wh-从句充当。ask接两个宾语转换成被动结构时多以表示人的宾语作主语,且by可省略。此外还可接以副词或介词短语充当补足语的复合宾语。练习：Mary has _ a difficult question to me. A. put B. asked C. made up D. set Im really tired of Tom. He is always _ money. A. asked me for B. asking me C. asks me for D. asking me for Dont be afraid of _ for help when it is necessary. A. asking for me B. turning to me C. to ask me D. to call me Will someone go and get Mr Black? Hes already been _. A. asked for B. sent for C. called for D. looked for 415. attack的用法attack攻击、袭击。例句：Bob died of a heartattack, brought on by his lifestyle.鲍勃死于由他的生活方式引起的心脏病突发。His family was subjected to a hideousattackby the gang.他的家人遭到了匪帮的恐怖袭击。He renewed hisattackon government policy towards Europe.他重新开始对政府的欧洲政策进行抨击。短语：start/ make an attack on/ upon somebody = attack somebody 对某人发动进攻；be attacked with a disease害病；an attack of fever患热病；be on attack采取攻势；in attack在攻击中；under attack遭到攻击；attack against对的进攻；attack sb/sth by surprise突然袭击(某人某物)；attack sb/sth by words用语言抨击；attack from the sky空袭；attack in the darkness夜袭；attack of influenza感冒；attack on对的进攻；用法：attack是表示抽象概念的名词,多指具有主动性的、事前毫无警告的、一方向另一方发动各种形式的“攻击”或是指一项具体的行动或活动,引申可表示为在言论上的对某人论点、意见或声誉进行的“抨击”,或是疾病对人体的“侵袭”,也可指对某一事情进行时“开始的方式”。attack在句中既可用作主语,也可用作