favour用法.doc

迎战高考，透视favo(u)r用法来安县半塔中学 梅崇兵在高中阶段学习的同学们有时会遇到一些难以掌握而又重要的单词。其实，英语作为语言与汉语在某些方面有共通的地方。如词类的活用，古汉语中有词类的活用，在英语中也有此用法，现举英语单词为例：如：water n. “水”, 作动词表示 “浇水”。book n. “书”, 作动词用,表示 “预订”。pump n. “水泵”，作动词用表示 “用水抽水”，等等，不胜枚举。下面我们来透过favo(u)r，熟悉此用法。一. favo(u)r作名词(n.) 有多种词义，请看：1好感，喜爱，欢心，宠爱：win ones favo(u)r赢得某人的欢心2偏袒，偏爱：show favo(u)r towards 对偏袒/偏爱3赞成，赞同：look with favo(u)r on 赞同地看待/赞成4恩惠，善意的行为：May I ask a favo(u)r of you? 请您帮个忙行吗？5庇护：under favo(u)r of warplane在战机的掩护下6纪念品，礼物（尤指小礼物），徽章7特许的权利: Who gives you the favo(u)r?二. favo(u)r作动词(v.)，也有多种词义,请看：1喜爱，宠爱，支持，赞成: We favo(u)r your proposal.2赐与，给与(with): Kindly favo(u)r us with an early reply.（常用于商业书信）请早日复信。3有利于/有助于：The weather favo(u)red the harvesting.天气有利于收割工作。4偏爱，偏袒：A mother should not favo(u)r any of her children.5像: The child favo(u)rs his father.6体恤: Walk on without favo(u)ring ones blistered feet.下面我们看一看favo(u)r一词的构成的诸多短语。by favo(u)r of / favo(u)red by（信封上用语）烦请面交curry favo(u)r (with sb.)求宠于某人，拍（某人）马屁。find favo(u)r with sb /in ones eyes得宠于某人，受某人青睐in favo(u)r of 赞同/支持/有利于/（签票据等）以为受款人。如: draw a cheque in favo(u)r of sb.开一张付款给某人的支票。in ones favo(u)r得某人欢心/受某人欢迎/对某人有利out of favo(u)r (with) 失宠于/不受的欢迎再让我们看一看favo(u)r的派生词：1. favo(u)rer n. 宠爱者/支持者/赞成者2. favo(u)rable adj.赞成的/称赞的/有利的/顺利的/讨人喜欢的/赢得赞同的/起促进作用的 顺风3. favo(u)red adj.受到优待的/有天赋的/受优惠的/优惠的（构成复合词）有容貌/外貌的，ill-favo(u)red容貌难看的4. favo(u)ring adj. 顺利的/有利的5. favo(u)rite n. 特别喜爱的人/物，受宠的人，亲信，心腹，最有希望的获胜者（尤指赛马）adj. 特别喜爱的 be a favo(u)rite with sb. 某人的宠儿/为某人所特别喜爱6. favo(u)ritism. n. 偏爱/偏袒/得宠 appoint people by favo(u)ritism任人唯亲最后让我们来看看我们在使用favo(u)r短语时注意哪些：do sb. a favo(u)r可以说成do a favo(u)r for sb.意为“帮某人一个忙”、“给某人做某事”，是请人帮忙时的客套语。正确使用该短语，应该注意以下几点：1. do sb. a favo(u)r 中的do 不可换作give, make等其它动词，只能用do。如：Will you _me a favo(u)r, please? (MET1991)A. give B. make C. do D. bring答案为：C。构成短语do sb. a favo(u)r2. 注意不定冠词a的变化。如果只表示“帮忙”而不涉及“帮什么忙”时，favo(u)r前要用a，不用 the 。如：Will you do me a favo(u)r?请你帮个忙好吗？如果具体指明“帮什么忙”、“做什么事”，通常有三种情况：A. do sb. a favo(u)r 后接不定式，此时不定冠词a通常变为the.如：Do me the favo(u)r to come. 务请光临。Will you do me the favo(u)r to lend me your bike?请帮忙把你的自行车借给我好吗？B. do sb. a favo(u)r 后接by + doing 形式，favo(u)r前仍用 a 。如：Do me a favo(u)r by turning off the radio.劳驾您把收音机关上。Mr. Wang did me a great favo(u)r by giving me some valuable advice on how to learn the English language well.一先生帮了我一个大忙，给了我一些关于如何学好英语很佾价值的建议。C. do sb. a favo(u)r 后接of + doing sth. 形式，favo(u)r前的a改为 the 。如：The foreign guest asked me to do him the favo(u)r of showing him around our school.这位外宾让我帮他个忙，领着他参观我们学校。因此，Do me the favo(u)r to put on this shirt, a