汽车专业英语汇总.doc

Flywheel 利用飞轮旋转的惯性，使发动机工作的四个工作循环顺利进行（进气-压缩-工作-排气）发动机总排量是指发动机全部气缸的工作容积之和，单位是升。Crank /cam shaft曲轴、凸轮轴motor truck货车front/rear axle前、后桥前桥后桥就是指前后轮轴的部分，前桥包括避震弹簧，转向器，平衡轴等，后桥还包括驱动轴，传动齿轮等。以同类发动机轿车做比较，扭距输出越大承载量越大，加速性越好，爬坡能力越强。propeller shaft传动轴universal joint万向节torque扭矩final drive and differential主减速器和差速器gradeability 爬坡度front engine , rear wheel drive前置发动机，后轮驱动overhang、suspension悬架wheelbase轴距（前后桥距离）tread轮距 （左右轮距离）filter shaft滤清器轴filter cover滤清器盖outside diameter外径minimum turning circle diameter最小转弯直径rocker arm cover摇臂罩valve rocker arm气门摇臂camshaft drive凸轮轴驱动轮spark plug lead火花塞导线timing belt cover正时皮带罩connecting rod连杆combustion chamber燃烧室v-belt pulleyV型皮带轮cylinder diameter汽缸直径piston stroke活塞行程compression chamber volume压缩室容积total cylinder volume 总汽缸容积Four-stroke gasoline/diesel engine operation principleintake compression expansion exhaust stroke 进、压、胀、排combustible mixture可燃混合气injector喷油器crankcase曲轴箱precompressed mixturetransfer canal输气道Crank connecting rod mechanism 曲柄连杆机构cylinder block汽缸体cylinder head cover汽缸盖罩cylinder head gasket汽缸盖衬垫stiffening rib加强肋main bearing cap主轴承盖bearing bush seat轴承座connecting rod shank连杆杆身connecting rod small end连杆小头connecting rod cap连杆大头盖Connecting rod end连杆大头connecting rod bushing连杆衬套spring clip弹簧卡环piston pin活塞销piston head活塞头部piston ring groove活塞环槽compression ring压缩环oil scraper ring油环piston skirt活塞裙部piston pin boss活塞销座crankshaft front end曲轴前端front main journal前主轴颈crank pin 曲柄销crank web曲柄连接臂counterweight 平衡重flywheel gear ring 飞轮齿圈flywheel lock plate飞轮锁片clutch 离合器Valve mechanism 配气机构Side valve 侧置气门Overhead valve 顶置气门tappet气门挺杆push rod推杆valve stem气门杆valve guide气门导管shielding cap护帽oil flinger油封upper valve spring collar气门弹簧上环valve split cone 气门锁片rocker arm摇臂rocker bracket摇臂支座retaining washer定位摇臂thrust washer止推摇臂rocker adjusting screw 摇臂调整螺钉oil pump driving gear机油泵驱动齿轮Gasoline engine-fuel system 汽油机供油泵fuel level gauge油面指示表carburetor化油器exhaust manifold排气歧管fuel pump汽油泵fuel filter汽油滤清器exhaust silencer排气消声器fuel pipe油管fuel tank汽油箱intake tube进气管air deflector空气导流器cleaner body滤清器壳crankcase bleed pipe曲轴箱通风管hot air pipe热空气管fuel pump base汽油泵座diaphragm膜片fuel inlet neck汽油进口fuel pump body汽油泵壳filter screen滤清器网bowl cover泵盖fuel feed port汽油出口distance washer调整间隔垫圈diaphragm spring膜片弹簧rocker arm摇臂fulcrum pin杠杆支点销filter body滤清器壳filter cartridge 滤清器滤芯glass bowl玻璃滤杯bowl retaining clip滤杯支承夹air cleaner空气滤清器valve needle针阀float浮子nozzle喷管chock tube喉管throttle valve节气门intake manifold进气歧管float chamber浮子室throttle valve节气门choke tube喉管plug旋塞filter gauze滤清器金属丝网valve seat阀座valve needle针阀float needle valve浮子针阀float pivot pin 浮子销float 浮子float chamber浮子室accelerator pump加速泵main metering jet主量孔ball valve球阀adjustable stop可调限位螺钉Carburetor control 化油器操纵件throttle control lever节气门操纵杆connecting lever rod连接拉杆cable wire拉索connecting adaptor连接杆cable hose拉索软管accelerator pedal hinge加速踏板铰链mounting bracket安装支架accelerator pedal lever加速踏板杠杆accelerator pedal return spring加速踏板回位弹簧distributor pipe分油管pressure regulator 压力调节器electronic control unit电控单元airflow sensor空气流量计coolant-temperature sensor冷却液温度传感器relief valve卸压阀fuel feed pump输油泵injection pump喷油泵return pipe 回油管pressure pipe 高压油管Swirl chamber涡流室燃烧室roller tappet滚轮挺柱plunger spring柱塞弹簧control sleeve控制套筒pump cylinder泵缸feeding gallery进油通道delivery valve出油阀pressure pipe adaptor高压油管接头nozzle holder喷油器体fuel inlet passage进油通道leak-off adaptor漏油接头inlet adaptor 进油接头leak-off passage漏油通道adjusting shim调整垫片nozzle valve spring针阀弹簧needle valve seat针阀座clearance filter间隙滤芯Speed governor 调速器accelerator pedal linkage加速踏板杆件operating lever 操纵杆control rod link控制杆连接件eccentric shaft偏心轴Exhaust system 排气系统bracket 支架bracket plate支板exhaust manifold joint排气歧管接头double manifold双排歧管double manifold collar双排歧管凸缘exhaust clip排气管夹头pipe U-bolt排气管U型螺栓protecting plate防护板rear silencer后消声器intermediate pipe中间排气管front exhaust pipe前段排气管air inlet port空气进口compressor压气机oil supply 润滑油入口oil return润滑油出口turbine蜗轮Emission control 排污控制radiator散热器radiator bottom tank散热器下贮水室radiator core散热器芯radiator top tank散热器上贮水室fan风扇water jacket水套overflow pipe 溢流管drain plug放水阀thermostat恒温器thermostat main valve节温器主阀thermostat flexible bellows节温器挠性波纹管thermostat bypass valve节温器旁通管bottom radiator pipe散热器出水软管radiator cowl散热器罩top radiator cowl散热器进水软管blind cable百页窗拉索radiator filter散热器加水口Engine-lubrication systemoil passage油道oil filter tube加油管oil filter cap加油管盖bypass oil cleaner分流式机油滤清器oil pressure sensor油压传感器oil drain hole放油孔oil strainer机油集滤器oil pressure relief valve机油限压阀oil pump outlet pipe机油泵出油管centrifugal oil cleaner离心式机油滤清器gear chain lubrication jet齿轮链条润滑喷孔main pressure oil passage主油道oil pressure relief valve spring限压阀弹簧oil pressure relief valve ball限压阀钢球oil pump cover plate机油泵盖板oil pump gear机油泵齿轮oil pump body机油泵壳体driving shaft pilot sleeve驱动轴导套oil pump driving shaft机油泵驱动轴oil pump driving gear机油泵驱动齿轮lock washer止锁垫圈oil suction pipe joint进油管接头oil strainer cover机油集滤器盖screen strainer滤网oil strainer bottom机油集滤器底版cap nut盖形螺帽thrust plate压板filtering disc滤片distance disc隔片filtering element bolt滤清元件螺栓thrust washer止推垫圈filter body滤清器壳体drain plug放油塞cleaning edges滤清肋片cleaning edges spindle滤清肋片芯轴filter cover base滤清器支座pressure relief valve限压阀filter cover bolt滤清器盖螺栓Oil cooling radiator 机油散热器radiator core散热器芯子stiff pipe硬管stiff pipe shackle硬管夹架oil inlet hose进油软管shut-off cock旋塞开关oil outlet host出油软管Engine-ignition system发动机点火系ignition switch点火开关coil点火线圈distributor drive rotates分电器驱动轴contact breaker继电器触点capacitor电容器rotor转子distributor cap分电器盖high tension lead高压导线vehicle frame车架Lead battery 铅蓄电池battery cell电池battery negative terminal蓄电池负极接头cell connector电池连接件negative plate负极板separator隔板positive plate正极板sediment space沉淀区coupling sleeve连接套筒push drive engaging lever推动式驱动杠杆starter fixed contact起动机固定触点starting switch起动开关switch moving contact开关活动触点shaft collar sleeve轴环套筒armature shaft crewed grooves电枢轴螺旋槽starter drive head起动机驱动端盖freewheel housing自由轮外壳coupling sleeve spider十字连结套筒jamming roller抑制滚柱New type engines 新型发动机Rotary piston engine 旋转活塞发动机coolant inlet pipe冷却液进入管impeller unit叶轮组compressor turbine压缩机涡轮power turbine动力涡轮output reduction gear输出减速齿轮fuel nozzle assembly燃油喷嘴总成ignition点火器annular air passage环形空气通道displacer piston配气活塞displacer piston rod配气活塞杆power piston linkage动力活塞杆power piston rod动力活塞桅杆synchronize gear同步齿轮第三类CHASSIS底盘Drive line 传动系driving axle驱动桥clutch housing离合器壳pressure plate压板release lever分离杠杆clutch cover离合器盖release thrust bearing分离推动轴承release sleeve分离套筒release sleeve guide分离套筒导套release yoke分离仪clutch plate lining从动盘摩擦衬片clutch shaft离合器轴clutch disc hub离合器从动盘壳clutch disc离合器盘intermediate disc中层离合器盘stop pin止动销locating dovel pin定位销pressure spring压力弹簧pedal bracket销板托架Hydrodynamic coupling液力偶合器pump 泵轮turbine涡轮baffle plate导流板turbine bearing涡轮轴承output shaft flange输出轴凸缘turbine sealing涡轮密封stator定子impeller cover涡轮盖stator one-way clutch定子单向离合器convertor housing变扭器外壳pump seal泵轮密封Gearbox-housing 变速器外壳gearbox assembly变速器总成clutch housing cover离合器壳盖oil filler plug注油塞distance ring间隔杆gearbox housing变速器外壳rear cover后盖locating pin 定位销bottom cover底盖mainshaft seal ring主轴密封环flexible coupling挠性联轴节reverse driving sliding gear倒档从动滑移齿轮first speed gear sleeve一档齿轮套筒first speed driven gear一档从动齿轮first-and-second speedsynchronizing sleevesecond speed driven gear二档从动齿轮countershaft中间轴first speed driven gear一档驱动齿轮reverse driving gear倒档驱动齿轮reverse idler gearspindle倒档惰齿轮轴reverse idle gear倒档惰齿轮Gearbox-gear-shift变速器换档机构third-and-fourth speed fork rod 三、四档拨叉杆shifter fork换档拨叉lock ball sleeve锁球套筒locking ball锁止钢球fork rod interlocking slide spline拨叉杆互锁滑键first-and-second speed fork rod一、二档拨叉杆selector选速器selector shaft选速器轴selector inter lever选速器内杠杆selector spring seat选速器弹簧selector slider选速器滑块reverse gear fork rod倒档齿轮拨叉杆Automatic transmission自动变速器engine main shaft发动机主轴fluid coupling液力偶合器front oil pump前油泵front band brake前端带式制动器rear epicyclic gear后端行星齿轮parking ratchet停车棘轮regulator and rear oilpump drive gear调节器和后油泵驱动齿轮rear multi-plate clutch后排多片离合器automatic control box自动控制箱Transfer case 分动器main propeller shaft主传动轴reduction gear减速齿轮dog clutch夹形离合器speed-increasing gear超速档齿轮speedometer drive车速里程表驱动装置transfer casing分动器flange joint凸缘接合front propeller shaft前传动器flexible coupling挠性联轴节splined shiding yoke花键滑动万向节叉multi-spine多槽花键splined shaft花键轴propeller shaft intermediate bearing传动轴中间轴承intermediate bearing flexible carrier中间轴承挠性托架splined sliding flange花键滑动凸缘flange yoke带凸缘万向节叉spider trunnion万向节十字轴shaft tube yoke轴管万向节叉dust cap防尘罩grease ripple黄油嘴. Flexible coupling 挠性联轴节center sleeve中心套筒driving dog主动夹头rubber insert橡胶衬垫coupling disc联轴节盘driven flange从动凸缘driving flange主动凸缘rubber ring橡胶环center bearing中心轴承driving disc主动盘rubber bush橡胶衬套steel bush钢衬套. Constant-velocity joint 等速万向节forked shaft 轴叉male inner joint凸头内接头female inner joint凹槽内接头driven yoke从动万向节叉driving yoke主动万向节叉driving ball主动钢球center ball中心钢球drilled ball pin穿孔球销lock pin 锁止销outer race外座圈Driving shaft主动轴Inner race内座圈Ball cage钢球保持架Cage point保持架导件Pilot pin导销Retaining ring 卡环. Drive axle 驱动桥final drive主减速器half-axle半轴coil spring 螺旋弹簧shock absorber减振器transverse arm摇臂transverse arm shaft摇臂轴bevel pinion小锥齿轮ring gear环齿轮reduction spur gear减速正齿轮differential planet wheel差速器行星齿轮worm shaft蜗杆worm wheel蜗轮low speed reduction gear低速减速齿轮axle shaft轮轴dog clutch夹头离合器driving pinion flange驱动小锥齿轮凸缘planetary gear行星齿轮drive shaft驱动轴differential pinion差速器小锥齿轮differential side gear差速器侧齿轮differential housing差速器壳ding gear环齿轮spider十字轴differential side gear差速器侧齿轮 brake supporting collar制动器支承接头leaf spring seating板簧支座banjo type axle housing整体式桥壳axle shaft flange半轴凸缘brake mechanism support制动机构支承drive shaft bearing驱动轴轴承brake disc制动盘final drive casing主减速器壳collar of axle shafthousing后桥壳盖final drive housing主减速器壳axle shaft tube半轴套管leaf spring support板簧支座brake supporting collar制动器支承接头axle tube end轴管接头二、Running gear 行驶系frame车架rear suspension后悬架driving axle驱动桥Energy-absorbing frame能量吸收式车架front axle beam前桥横梁leaf spring bolt板簧螺栓rubber axle bumper橡胶轮轴缓冲块frame side-rail车架纵梁leaf spring bracket板簧托架leaf spring seat板簧支座Fixed rim flange轮毂凸缘Wheel rim 车轮轮辋Brake drum制动鼓Brake drum flange制动鼓Wheel hub轮毂Hub cover catch轮毂盖夹箍tubeless liner无内胎衬面sealed wheel rim轮辋密封tire valve轮胎气门嘴tube air valve assembly内胎气门嘴总成tire valve cap轮胎气门嘴帽tire valve seal轮胎气门嘴密封rim width轮辋宽度tire section width轮胎断面宽度tire inner diameter轮胎内径tire outer diameter轮胎外径bias ply tire斜交帘布层轮胎radial ply tire径向帘布层轮胎bias-belted tire斜交帘布缓冲层轮胎wide-base tire宽轮辋轮胎three-tread-band tire三轨面轮胎single-tread-band tire单轨面轮胎mud-snow tire泥雪地轮胎puncture-proof tire防穿孔轮胎convention tire普通轮胎low-section tire超低断面轮胎over-wide tire超宽断面轮胎Front wheel independent suspension前轮独立悬架suspension arm悬架臂rubber-metal bush橡胶金属轴衬stabilizer rod稳定杆engine suspension发动机悬架transverse link横拉杆rubber-metal mount橡胶-金属支架coil spring螺旋弹簧strut支柱.Rear wheel independent suspension后轮独立悬架strut bar seat支承杆座strut支柱shock absorber减振器stub axle短袖rear-axle arm后桥臂rear-axle body后桥体rubber-metal bush橡胶-金属轴衬rubber-metal mount橡胶-金属支架. Leaf spring 钢板弹簧longitudinal semi-elliptic spring纵向半椭圆形钢板弹簧transverse semi-elliptic spring横向半椭圆形钢板弹簧cantilever spring悬臂钢板弹簧quarter-elliptic spring/椭圆弹簧spring cover弹簧盖spring sliding plate弹簧滑动片overload leaf超载钢板overload spring超载弹簧overload spring bracket超载弹簧托架Air suspension 空气悬架air filter空气滤清器air compressor空气压缩机water separator水分离器air pressure adjusting valve空气调压阀transverse stabilizer横向稳定器height measuring lever高度测定杆leveling valve调平阀lift control valve升高控制阀air strong tank储气箱check valve止回阀air spring rubber diaphragm空气弹簧橡胶膜片air spring piston空气弹簧活塞separator ring分隔环Hydro-pneumatic spring 液压充气弹簧hydro-pneumatic chamber液压充气室leakage space渗漏空间actuating rod工作杆compressed nitrogen压缩氮气plug screw螺塞rubber diaphragm橡胶膜片damper valve缓冲阀hydraulic cylinder液压缸. Telescopic hydraulic shock absorber伸缩式液压减振器piston rod guard活塞杆护套piston rod seal活塞杆密封件hydraulic piston液压活塞separating wall隔板oil reservoir油池compression valve压缩阀equalizing valve平衡阀bump pressure space抗压空间rebound valve回弹阀piston by-pass valve活塞旁通阀rebound pressure space回压空间compressed gas space压缩气体空间free piston自由活塞. Cam hydraulic shock absorber凸轮式液压减振器shock absorber arm减振器摇臂cam lever shaft凸轮杠杆轴oil reservoir油池rebound valve回弹阀piston return spring活塞回位弹簧rebound piston回弹活塞thrust plate推力板cam lever凸轮杠杆filler plug加油塞compression piston压缩活塞Oil lever plug油面塞By-pass valve旁通阀Pressure dowel压力销钉compression valve cap压缩阀盖Compression valve压缩阀三、Steering system 转向系steering wheel转向盘steering shaft转向轴steering shaft coupling转向万向节steering propeller shaft转向传动轴steering gear转向器steering rocker转向摇臂steering drag link转向主杠杆steering knuckle arm转向节臂left steering knuckle左转向节trapezoid connection梯形臂steering track rod转向横拉杆trapezoid connection梯形臂right steering knuckle右转向节. Power steering system 动力转向系steering rocker arm转向摇臂steering drag link转向主拉杆steering knuckle转向节steering power cylinder转向动力缸. Steering mechanism 转向机构worm-and-sector steering gear蜗杆齿扇式转向器worm-and-roller steering gear蜗杆滚轮式转向器worm-and-nut steering gear蜗杆螺帽式转向器cam-and-lever steering gear蜗杆曲柄销式转向器rack-and-pinion steering gear齿条齿轮式转向器ball-recirculating steering gear循环球式转向器. Power steering 动力转向high pressure oil pump高压油泵oil tank油罐control valve控制阀power piston动力活塞steering lever转向摇臂worm shaft蜗杆轴steering sector shaft转向齿扇轴. steering linkage 转向杆系steering knuckle转向节steering knuckle arm转向节臂linkage ball joint杆系球接头drag link 主拉杆steering rocker arm转向摇臂track rod横拉杆trapezoid connection梯形臂track rod end横拉杆端头四、 Braking system 制动系. Braking principles 制动原理service brake pedal制动踏板push rod推杆master cylinder piston主缸活塞master brake cylinder制动主缸wheel brake cylinder制动轮缸wheel cylinder piston轮缸活塞brake drum制动鼓friction lining摩擦片brake shoe制动蹄brake bottom plate制动底板anchor pin支承销brake shoe return spring 制动蹄回位弹簧 Drum brake 鼓式制动器brake drum colling fin制动鼓散热片brake cylinder制动轮缸brake shoe lining制动蹄摩擦片brake release spring制动器回位弹簧expandor lever张开杠杆friction lining摩擦片brake adjuster制动器调整机构expandor cam张开凸轮brake drum liner制动鼓衬垫. Drum brake fixed caliper housing 固定制动钳外壳brake disc制动盘hydraulic piston液压活塞brake pad制动板brake support制动器支架floating caliper housing浮动制动钳外壳guide pin导销brake carrier制动器支架cross spring十字弹簧 Hand brake 手制动器（parking brake 驻车制动器）tightening lever拉紧杠杆brake shoe lever制动蹄控制杆brake band anchorage制动带支座brake drum制动鼓brake band制动带brake band lining制动带摩擦片brake band tensioner制动带张紧器brake backing plate制动器底座板brake band anchor arm制动带固定臂brake lining rivet制动器摩擦铆钉hydraulic brake system液压制动系brake cylinder制动轮缸brake pipe制动管路brake penda