机械与外贸常用术语.doc

机械与外贸常用术语在机械设计手册上，以及俄罗斯的车的出厂资料，苏丹车的出厂资料，BECHTEL 的技术说明中也有大量的相关术语。还可以参考这些文件资料。Mechanism & foreign trade terms (常用机械与外贸术语)Mechanism: 机械Crane：起重机PTM：pot tending machine 多功能电解铝机组FTA：furnace tending assembly 焙烧车Gantry crane 门式起重机Overhead crane/bridge crane 桥式起重机Stocking crane 堆垛起重机single/double girder单梁/双梁 （梁用“BEAM”也可以）ladle crane铸造起重机Anode 阳极Grab crane: 抓斗起重机Cab 司机室Lifting machinery 起升机械Lifting height起升高度Drawing 图纸Drawing NO 图纸编号Heat No.炉批号Stiffener:筋板bolt：螺栓nut：螺母washer：垫圈spring washer：弹簧垫圈make the measurement/dimension check尺寸检测tolerance 公差calibration 校验deviation 偏差deformation 变形theodolite：经纬仪level instrument：水平仪measuring tape: 卷尺alignment 校直bench mark/reference 基准center point :中心点center line 中心线shaft 轴bearing 轴承flange 法兰lubricant oil 润滑油bumper/buffer 减震器/缓冲器brake 制动器electric hoist 电动葫芦infrared theometer:红外线温度计Linear:直尺plate 钢板Epocast: 一种胶的牌子HEMPEL：海虹油漆Paint：油漆Spray paint:喷漆Brush paint 刷油漆primer： 底漆（第一层油漆 也可以用THE FIRST LAYER）medium：中漆 （第一层油漆 也可以用 THE SECOND LAYER）top coat：面漆（第一层油漆 也可以用 THE THIRD LAYER）coat：涂层solvent: 溶剂,稀释剂curing agent:固化剂sand/shot blasting: 喷沙copper sand:铜矿沙angle profile gage: 喷沙表面粗糙度测量仪lamp for films:观片灯grind：打磨grinder：砂轮机grinding disc：砂轮片polishing disc:抛光片hammer:锤子weld：焊接welder:焊工international welding certification:国际焊工证welding process specification（WPS）:焊接工艺规程approval/endorse:评定，同意，批准welding seam 焊缝butt welding：对接焊fillet welding： 角焊submerged - arc welding：埋弧焊gas shielded arc welding 气体保护焊flux :焊剂electrode：电焊条wire feed :送丝welding wire:焊丝bake：烘干acetylene 乙炔oxygen 氧气tape: 胶带grease:黄油wax:蜡nozzle tip:喷嘴piece（单位）:件web plate /side plate：腹板（钢板厚度相对而言最薄）top plate：上盖板(钢板厚度最厚)bottom plate：下盖板（钢板厚度较厚）girder：主梁end carriage端梁guide rollers 水平轮wheel bogie:走轮架bogie:转向架wheel 车轮trolley 小车trolley transverse小车运行crane 大车crane traveling大车运行driven side 被动侧driving side 主动侧cable tray 线槽insulation layer保温层 绝缘 air duct 风管accessory: 附件platform 走台handrail 手扶栏杆ladder 楼梯rail / track轨道joint 接头pin roll 销轴collector basket检修吊篮angle bracket 角钢T beam: T型钢purchase购买cut切割assembling组装pre-assembling 预组装install安装disassembling拆卸spatter飞溅物porosity 气孔defect 缺陷slag inclusion 夹渣crack 裂纹undercut咬边un-fusion 未溶合un-penetration 未焊透rough 粗糙sharp 尖，锋利的wrench扳手spanner:紧固扳手jack 千斤顶thread tapper攻丝器thread 螺纹screw 螺丝fastener紧固件door handle门把手 rubber 橡胶silicon 玻璃胶sliding wire滑触线fix固定drill hole 钻孔remove 去除rust锈anti-corrosive 防腐的dew point 露点dryness 干度humidity湿度relative humidity(RH)相对湿度 露点+3=喷漆需达到的工件表面温度ceramic back -tray 瓷衬垫copper back tray 铜衬垫gouge 刨back gouge 反向清根surface preparation 表面处理preheat预热heat treatment热处理environment temperature 环境温度fahrenheit 华氏温度centigrade 百分温度单位base material 母材bus bar 母线sealing ring 密封圈hardness硬度cast 铸造machine 加工fine machining: 精加工ultrasonic test(UT)超声波探伤radiographic test(RT)射线探伤magnetic particle test(MT)磁粉探伤fluorescent lamp:荧光灯penetration test (PT) 渗透探伤 penetrant 渗透剂 （developer显象剂, remover清洁剂）test piece 试验片impact test冲击试验tension test拉伸试验chemical test化学分析motor:电动机 voltage:电压current电流switch 开关short circuit短路iron&steel works:钢厂port港口nuclear power station 核电站pressure vessel压力容器steel wire 钢丝lifting lug吊耳hook 吊钩heat indicator/thermometer 温度计aluminum 铝zinc锌galvanize 镀锌hot deep galvanized 热浸锌packing 包装name plate标牌measurement/size 尺寸gross weight(GW) 毛重net weight(NW) 净重grate 格栅crate 板条箱container 集装箱Custom declare 报关Custom clearance 海关清关Tariff 关税Tax rebate/tax refund 出口退税Value added tax (VAT)增值税invoice 发票third party 第三方subcontractor 分包商supplier供应商client /customer 客户 signature 签名business card名片chairman董事长general manager 总经理chief 首长，主任，部门领导vice manager副总director主任，处长，局长vice director 副主任senior engineer高级工程师engineer 工程师technician 技术员inspector 检验员hold a meeting/have a meeting开会meeting minutes会议纪要workshop车间main office 总部Longtoupu workshop 龙头铺车间fittings corporation 配件厂locomotive 电力机车厂procurement department 采购部sales department销售部technical department技术部门quality control department质保部logistic department物流部门human resource department人力资源部门financial department 财务部门commercial negotiation 商务谈判foreign trade/international trade外贸/国际贸易order订单inquiry:询价replay答复quotation报价sign the contract签合同contract item/clause/article:合同条款transportation运输load/unload: 装/卸inform及物动词形式/notice.名词形式 通知deliver goods:发货d