Passage 11 经济-社会现象-教育.doc

Passage Eleven经济社会现象教育In this age of Internet chat, videogames and reality television, there is no shortage of mindless activities to keep a child occupied. 1, in the age of 在时代-hood时代childhood/ girlhood/ fatherhood2, shortage 缺少，缺乏-short be short of 省略，简写They are suffering from food shortage.-suffer from 遭受There is no shortage of ideas when it comes to childrens education.When it comes to提到表示缺乏，缺少的词：deficient, absence/ in the absence of, lack of, run out, short, dearth, void(空白，空缺), scarce, paucity(缺乏，不足), poverty, famine, bare, starve, poor, empty, insufficient, impoverishment(贫穷，贫困)His face is void of emotion.A dearth of ideas Scarce resourcePaucity of imagination3, mindless adj. 无知识的，无意识的，无聊的-less -flawless4, occupy v. 占用 -occupation n. 职业-career, work, job, vocation, profession5, Keep sth done/ adj/ doing - please just keep the girl staying at the house.在今天这个充斥着网络聊天、电子游戏和真人电视秀的时候，占据孩子们空闲时间的无聊活动并不缺乏。Yet, despite the competition, my 8-year-old daughter Rebecca wants to spend her leisure time writing short stories. Compete with sb for sth-competitive 6，despite of 尽管 despite the rain, we still want to go out for dinner.7，leisure time 闲暇之时 = spare timepart timeBalance- flexible time At leisure 不慌不忙地，空闲地Students seem to like leisure and easier class.但是，尽管这些活动都在尽力争宠，我8岁的女儿丽贝卡却愿意在空闲时间里写些短篇故事。She wants to enter one of her stories into a writing contest, a competition she won last year.Compete competitive 她希望将其中的一个故事投去参加一个写作比赛。去年她曾在这个比赛中获奖。As a writer I know about winning contests, and about losing them. I know what it is like to work hard on a story only to receive a rejection slip from the publisher. I also know the pressures of trying to live up to a reputation created by previous victories. 8, rejection slip 退稿通知表示拒绝的词：reject, turn down, refuse, decline, abnegate(放弃)Turn sb/ sth downAbnegate the fact/ old thingsRefusal9， live up to 遵循，符合- live up to ones expectation10, reputation 名声，名望 fame, renown, repute, popularity, celebrityFamous-11, previous 先前的，较早的former作为一个作家，我很了解赢得比赛或输掉比赛是怎么一回事。我了解辛辛苦苦写出的故事却只换来出版社的退稿单时的心情，我也了解要竭力保持以往的荣耀带来的名声的压力。What if she doesnt win the contest again? Thats the strange thing about being a parent. So many of our own past scars and dashed hopes can surface.12, what if 倘若What if we fail this time? Do you have any other plans?13, scar 伤疤14, dash 冲撞，破灭crashWither away-weatherFade awayDashed area 阴影部分 dashed line 虚线15, surface 浮现，出现emerge emerging 新兴的如果她不能再次获奖该怎么办？这就是为人父母让人不可思议的地方。我们自己过去遭受的种种创伤和破灭的希望可能又会冒出来。A revelation（启示）came last week when I asked her, “Dont you want to win again?” “No,” she replied, “I just want to tell the story of an angel going to first grade.”16, revelation 启示，披露 上周我问她：“你难道不想再次得奖吗？”“不想”她回答说：“我只是想讲一个上一年级的天使的故事。”这让我领悟。I had just spent weeks correcting her stories as she spontaneously（自发地）told them. 17, spontaneous 自然的，自发的Spontaneous speech 即兴演讲那时，我刚花了几周时间修改她即兴讲出来的故事。Telling myself that I was merely an experienced writer guiding the young writer across the hall, I offered suggestions for characters, conflicts and endings for her tales. The story about a fearful angel starting first grade was quickly “guided” by me into the tale of a little girl with a wild imagination taking her fist music lesson. I had turned her contest into my contest without even realizing it.18, merely 仅仅，只不过just19, conflict 冲突，争论 - in conflictconflict of interest 利益冲突Across the hall 对面的，经过大厅20, fearful 害怕的，担心的，严重的Realize ones dream/ goal我对自己说，我只是一个有经验的作家，在指导一位身边的作家。我对她的那些故事中的人物、冲击及结局提出建议。在我的指导下，故事中刚上一年级的胆怯天使立刻变成了第一次上音乐课、爱胡思乱想的小女孩。我已将她的比赛变成了我的比赛，而我自己却没有意识到这一点。Staying back and giving kids space to grow is not as easy as it looks. Because I know very little about farm animals who use tools or angels who go to first grade, I had to accept the fact that I was co-opting（借用）my daughters experience.21, stay back 退后走到一旁、给孩子成长的空间，并不像看起来那么简单。因为我对会使用工具的家畜和上一年的天使一无所知，所以我得承认这样的事实：我在借用我女儿的经验。While stepping back was difficult for me, it was certainly a good first step that I will quickly follow with more steps, putting myself far enough away to give her room but close enough to help if asked. All the while I will be reminding myself that children need room to experiment, grow and find their own voices.22, step back 后退，退却23, remind sb of sth / that 提醒recallAll the while 一直，始终Will be doing/ will do 虽然走到一旁对我来说并非易事，但这确实是一个不错的开始。我会继续这样做，让自己离她远远的，给她足够的空间；但同时又离她很近，在她寻求帮助的时候，可以伸出援手。我会一直提醒自己。55孩子们需要空间去尝试、去成长、去找到他们自己的表达方式。Passage TwelveEducation职位Student- monitorTeacherheadmaster, president, dean, class master, Staff, personnel When next years crop of high-school graduates arrive at Oxford University in the fall of 2009, theyll be joined by a new face: Andrew Hamilton, the 55-year-old provost(教务长) of Yale, wholl become Oxfords vice-chancellor- a position equivalent to university president in America. 1, crop n. 收成，庄稼，一群人A crop of thing/ people 2, graduate 大学毕业生- post graduate - doctor3, fall = autumn 秋天Fallfellfallen 4, chancellor 校长，大臣2009年秋，当明年的新一批高中毕业生前往牛津大学就读时，他们将迎来一张新面孔：安德鲁.汉密尔顿。这位现年55岁的耶鲁大学教务长即将出任牛津大学的副校长这个职位与美国的大学校长相当。Hamilton isnt the only educator crossing the Atlantic. Schools in France, Egypt, Singapore, etc. have also recently made top-level hires from abroad. Higher education has become a big and competitive business nowadays, and like so many businesses, its gone global. Yet the talent flow isnt universal. High-level personnel tend to head in only one direction: outward from America.5, talent 天才genius, giant(巨人), gift (天才)Smart, clever, sharp, Decisivedecision 6, tend to 趋势7, head v. 朝方向汉密尔顿并不是唯一一个跨越大西洋的教育家。法国、埃及、新加坡等国的学校最近也都从国外聘请了顶级水平的人才。如今高等教育已发展成为一个规模巨大、竞争激烈的行业，并且如同其他许多行业一样，高等教育也走向了全球化。然而现在人才的流动尚未全球化，56高级人才只倾向于向一个方向流动，即从美国流向其他国家。The chief reason is that American schools dont tend to seriously consider looking abroad. For example, when the board of the University of Colorado searched for a new president, it wanted a leader familiar with the state government, a major source of the universitys budget. Search for look for Research 探讨Status 状况Statue 雕像- The Statue of Liberty We didnt do any global consideration, says Patricia Hayes, the boards chair.Take sth into consideration The board ultimately picked Bruce Benson, a 69-year-old Colorado businessman and political activist (活动家) who is likely to do well in the main task of modern university presidents: fund-raising.PolicypoliticsDo well in Raise - pick up The USA economy has picked up since 2009. Fund-raising is a distinctively American thing, since U.S. schools rely heavily on donations. The fund-raising ability is largely a product of experience and necessity.Donate - make a donation8, budget 预算9, distinctive 有特色的，区别的，特点 -nessDistinct 明显的，有区别的Technology is distinct from science.Distinction10, rely on 依靠造成这种情况的主要原因是：美国大学往往不太愿意考虑从国外招募人才。例如，科罗拉多大学校董事会招募新校长时，他们想要和州政府熟识的人，因为州政府是该校主要的经费来源。“我们根本不会考虑聘请外籍人士，”科罗拉多大学校董事会主席帕特里夏.海斯如是说道。该董事会最终任命了69岁的布鲁斯.本森，他是一位科罗拉多商人和政治活动家，应该能够很好地承担起57现代大学校长的主要职责：筹集资金。筹集资金很显然具有美国特色，因为美国的学校非常依赖捐赠。而在很大程度上，筹集资金的能力取决于实践经验和对捐赠资金的需求。Many European universities, meanwhile, are still mostly dependent on government funding. But government support has failed to keep pace with rising student numbers. The decline in government support has made fund-raising an increasingly necessary ability among administrators, and has hiring committees hungry for Americans.11, meanwhile 期间，同时12, keep pace with 与保持一致- pace of life space13, decline 拒绝，下降表示经济类下降的词：economic recession/ depression, stagnation, slide, slump, plunge, plummet关于经济回升的词：pick up, rebound(反弹), take off（起飞）, surge, soar与此同时，58许多欧洲大学则在很大程度上仍然依靠政府拨款。但政府拨款的数额已经赶不上学生数量的增长。政府拨款减少使得筹集资金日益成为大学管理人员的一项必备技能，也使得负责招聘事务的委员们纷纷急于从美国引进人才。In the past few years, prominent schools around the world have joined the trend. In 2003, when Cambridge University appointed Alison Richard, another former Yale provost, as its vice-chancellor, the university publicly stressed that in her previous job she had overseen（监督） a major strengthening of Yales financial position.See/wi