北约从利比亚战役中学到什么.doc

北约从利比亚战役中学到什么?NATO officials say they are close to ending their nearly seven-month-long bombing campaign in Libya, designed to prevent forces loyal to former leader Moammar Gadhafi from attacking civilians. The operation made it possible for the Libyan NTC fighters to take control of the country, but it also revealed some significant military and political challenges for the alliance.NATO aircraft flew more than 26,000 missions over Libya, including 9,600 bombing runs. Alliance ships have evacuated civilians and enforced a blockade on military equipment bound for the pro-Gadhafi forces.The operation has had some problems, but it has been an effective effort launched on short notice. The top NATO military commander, U.S. Navy Admiral James Stavridis, is pleased with that.Id say the first lesson learned from Libya is that NATO works, that we can quickly with real alacrity and real strategic effect marshal force and bring it to bear in support, in this case, of United Nations Security Council resolutions, said Stavridis.But Stavridis also acknowledges that the Libya operation revealed some shortcomings.Top of my list is targeting, the ability to fuse intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissance and produce coherent, precision targeting that does not cause collateral damage. We did a reasonable job on that but I think we could do better, added Stavridis.Libya also revealed some political gaps in the NATO alliance. While all 28 member nations endorsed the operation, only eight participated.And for Nick Witney, former head of the European Unions defense agency, that is disturbing.Few of the allies were actually prepared to participate in what, at least in opening phases, the saving of Benghazi, was surely one of the simplest geostrategic, moral, political decisions that one would have to take about whether to join an intervention or not, said Witney.Witneys colleague at the European Council on Foreign Relations, former British defense official Daniel Korski, says that poses a very fundamental question about the future of the NATO alliance.What is NATO? Is it an alliance where we all fight together against common threats? Or is it an alliance where smaller mini-coalitions within the alliance are able to do whatever they want while people stand back, Korski asked. But while Admiral Stavridis is eager for the alliance to close its capability gaps, he is not worried about its political unity.I dont think there was an existential threat posed by Libya, but in fact, the alliance stepped up, undertook this. I think thats a good example of the alliance being willing to take on missions that are beyond existential, Stavridis noted. I think NATO has a role to play in the world, kind of a role for good, and I think well continue to do that.The admiral is optimistic even though Europes economic crisis is making it harder to fund defense spending to close the capability gaps, and people in many countries are reluctant to support foreign military operations after years of conflict in Iraq, Afghanistan and now Libya.词汇讲解：1. reveal vt.显示; 露出；泄露; 透露例句：Research has revealed that he is a monster of iniquity.调查结果显示他是一个不法之徒。2. evacuate v. 撤离, 疏散例句：They all evacuated when the enemy approached the city.敌人逼近这个城市时他们已撤退了。3. bind vt. 束缚,约束例句：The contract binds me to complete the work within two months.这合同使我必须在两个月内完成这项工作。4. acknowledge vt. 承认, 供认例句：He grudgingly acknowledged having made a mistake.他勉强承认他做错了。5. fuse v. 熔化; 融合; 合并例句：We disagreed at first but eventually our ideas fused.我们的意见开始时有分歧,但最后取得了一致。6. coherent adj. 一致的,协调的例句：They seem to have no coherent plan for saving the company. 他们似乎没有一个协调一致的挽救公司的计划。7. endorse vt. 赞同,认可,支持(意见,活动,某人等)例句：The plan does not explicitly endorse the private ownership of land.该计划没有明确地支持土地私有制。8. intervention n. 介入, 干涉, 干预例句：The governments intervention in this dispute will not help.政府对这场争论的干预不会起作用。9. pose vt. 提出例句：Youve posed an awkward question.你已经提出了一个难题。10. undertake vt.担任, 承揽; 保证；着手, 开始例句：The lawyer undertook the case.该律师承办这个案子。11. reluctant adj. 不情愿的, 勉强的例句：I am reluctant about asking him to do this.我极不愿意让他去干此事。短语讲解：1. NATO officials say they are close to ending their nearly seven-month-long bombing campaign in Libya, designed to prevent forces loyal to former leader Moammar Gadhafi from attacking civilians.prevent from阻止, 防止例句：His prompt action prevented the fire from spreading.他的果断行动制止了火势的蔓延。2. The operation made it possible for the Libyan NTC fighters to take control of the country, but it also revealed some significant military and political challenges for the alliance.take control of控制,掌管例句：George took control of the business when his father died. 乔治的父亲去世后，企业由乔治掌管。3. The operation has had some problems, but it has been an effective effort launched on short notice. launch on向首次推出, 把引向例句：The musical theater company is about to launch a new performer on the musical world.这家音乐公司即将向音乐界推出一位新人。4. Id say the first lesson learned from Libya is that NATO works, that we can quickly with real alacrity and real strategic effect marshal force and bring it to bear in support, in this case, of United Nations Security Council resolutions, said Stavridis.learn from向学习; 从获得吸取例句：We should learn from his mistakes.我们应该从他的错误中接受教训。bring to使(某人)面临对付某种困难But what has brought the company to such a pity condition since I last worked for it?自从我最后一次为该公司工作以来, 什么原因使得公司落到这般可怜的境地?5. Few of the allies were actually prepared to participate in what, at least in opening phases, the saving of Benghazi, was surely one of the simplest geostrategic, moral, political decisions that one would have to take about whether to join an intervention or not, said Witney.participate in 分担; 参加例句：The people are demanding a chance to participate more in government.人民要求更多的参与政事的机会。6. Is it an alliance where we all fight together against common threats?fight against与作斗争争吵; 反对例句：We will have to fight against difficulties.我们将不得不同困难作斗争。7. Or is it an alliance where smaller mini-coalitions within the alliance are able to do whatever they want while people stand backstand back靠后