unit5language.doc

内容（Contents）备注（Notes）大学英语（二）课程教案讲课题目（Topic）： Unit 5 Language 目的要求（Teaching Objectives）：1. Help students to understand the importance of language（帮助学生理解语言的重要性）2. Breed the right learning methods of language in students （培养学生对语言的正确的学习方法）3. Master some skills in reading. (掌握阅读技巧5)4. Master some skills in writing. (掌握写作技巧5)重点难点（Teaching Focus and Difficult Points）：1. Introduce skills in passage listening comprehension (介绍语篇听力理解的几点技巧)2. Learn the following key words and expressions in this unit.（掌握本课重点词汇及短语）consciousness eventful grope immeasurable impress keenly linger penetrate quiver sensation thrill vainly at the first opportunity give birth to in time live over long for pray on shut in sweep away to and fro come forth persist in fix on apply to have a sense of have no way reveal tobroaden intelligibility offend sympathize at ease fit in with get in the way of take for sort out judge by contrast with abstract advanced argument breakthrough cautious compete cue dispute exclusively grasp hint mastery occasionally reside succession amount to in honor of in the course of knock out 3. Help students to solve the real problems in the process of learning languages. (帮助学生解决语言学习中的实际问题)方法步骤（Teaching approaches and Methods）：1. Using multi-media teaching equipment （应用多媒体教学手段）2. Group-Discussiongrouping the students to discuss their awareness of the importance of language and in what ways can language affect us. (分组讨论自己对语言重要性的认识，并讨论语言在那些方面对我们构成了影响)3. Proposing some learning skills in accordance with the real need of students. (根据学生的实际需求，介绍一些学习方法)4. Analyzing the text. (分析课文)器材保障（Teaching Facilities Required）：Computer, Projector, Recorder（电脑、投影仪、录音机）教学内容与时间安排（Teaching Contents and Time Allotment）：第一、二课时Preparation & Listening-centered Activities（准备活动和以听力为中心的语言活动）第三、四课时In-Class Reading: How I Discovered Language（以阅读为中心的语言活动）第五、六课时After-Class Reading（以阅读为中心的语言活动）第七、八课时Further Development & Quiz（巩固、提高和练习）（第一、二课时）Try to get them!1. Experience is the father of wisdom and memory the mother. （经验是智能之父，记忆是知识之母。） 2. Knowledge is a treasure, but practice is the key to it.（知识是一座宝库，而实践是开启宝库的钥匙。） 3. Mistakes are an essential part of education. （从错误中吸取教训是教育极为重要的一部分。）4. He that sips of many arts, drinks none. (什么都学的人，什么也学不到。) 5. Learning is the enterprise of a lifetime. (学习是终身的事业。) 6. You can learn from everyone. (三人行必有我师。)Useful Information The term “language” normally refers to human speech, spoken or written. Language forms the basis of communication between all human beings. About 95% of the worlds population speaks one of the 100 most widely used languages. English and French both have more second-language speaker than native-speakers as a result of the imperial expansion of Britain and France. Partly duce to the British and American pop culture, English is fast becoming the universal foreign language of Europeans. Like all languages, English has many dialects which reflect social changes and settlement patterns that have occurred over many centuries. Although specialists disagree on the exact meaning of dialect, generally it refers to a socially or regionally restricted variety of a language. A dialect usually has its own distinctive grammatical (grammar, syntax), lexical (vocabulary) and phonetic (accent) features. In many cases, it is impossible for people speaking different dialects to understand each other. Someone speaking Cockney (English spoken in a certain area of London) might have great difficulty in understanding the English spoken by innercity Afro-Americans in Chicago. For example, an accent is the distinctive manner of pronunciation and intonation typical of a given region or a social group. There are many different accents in England, Wales, Scotland, Ireland, Canada, and the United States. Accents in the southern hemisphere (Australia, New Zealand, South Africa) are close to British accents and are all rather similar because they emerged less than 200 years ago and are predominantly a blend of accents from southeastern England. The accents in the United States and Canada are much older and most different from British accents. Traveling across North America, one can hear a wide variety of accents ranging from the southern drawl to the Brooklyn accents. In very isolated rural areas like the mountains of the North Carolina. Accents tend to be very strong and often difficult to understand. An accent shows where a person comes from and, to an extent, what class he or she belongs to. Received Pronunciation (RP) or BBC English (so called because it is used by BBC announcers) is the accent of the southeast England. It has been associated with power and upper class since the fourteenth century. At that time the King, the royal court and the government settled in London, and the universities of Oxford and Cambridge, both in the southeast, provided higher education for the whole country. People who wanted to be part of this powerful world had to use the same accent and language. In the nineteenth century, RP was used in public schools, universities, the government, and the army to form small groups who would run the Empire. It was often impossible to get any kind of high position of you did not speak in the right way. Attitudes in Britain have changed and regional accents are now more acceptable. RP accent is still important and will help people to get jobs and a position in society which might be denied to them if they spoke in a different way. British and American English are varieties of the same language. However, they differ to some extent in pronunciation, vocabulary, spelling and grammar. In American speech, sounds are given greater length than in British English. Because of this, the British tend to criticize the American “drawl” while the American may mock the “clipped” sound of British speech. Everyday idiomatic expressions frequently differ. Americans may talk about a “line of the sidewalk” whereas the British will say there is a “queue on the pavement”. American spelling often seems simpler than the British version. The British write “humour” and “programme”, but Americans write “humor” and “program”. There are even some differences in grammatical usage. The American can say “I have gotten” and “different than”. On the other hand, the British insist on “I have got” and “different from”. However, in the worldwide use of English as an academic language these differences are incidental and insignificant. The language of animals has always fascinated human beings. Through the ages, people have speculated on how animals communicated among themselves. Yet most of the ways that animals communicate have only been discovered in recent years. Many animals make sounds that humans can neither recognize nor hear. Some animals communicate and mark their territory with their scents which humans are incapable of detecting. Considerable research has been carried out on the sounds whales use to “talk” to each other. The song of the blue whale is the loudest sound made by any living creature but it can only be felt as vibrations by humans. Scientists now estimate that whales can communicate with each other from one side to the Pacific Ocean to the other. Various attempts have been made to tech apes to talk with sign language. Some of these apes appear to be able to hold conversations. However, there is considerable debate as to whether these animals are really “talking” or merely responding to unconscious cues of their trainers. Part One Preparation 1. How Do People Communicate”？ STEP ONEWays of communication include: language (spoken or written), signs, gestures, facial expression, body language, Braille, Pictures, code, beacon, flag signals. STEP TWOThe following ways of expressing yourself are for your reference. As an alternative of Step Two, the teacher can also ask students to act out some words like old, fat, tired, frown, slim by means of non-verbal communication. Only the “actor” knows what exactly the word is. Before the students acts, the teacher can tell the class the part of speech of the word to be acted out. The other students are asked to guess the word. 2. “Midnight” or “Midnite”?1) C2) A3) D4) BPart Two Listening-Centered Activities Ex.51 A The woman hadnt sent a thank-you note. B The woman hadnt noticed him. C The woman had left him a note. D The woman hadnt gotten his note.2 A He was sue of himself. B Hed played the piano himself. C He hadnt heard Rita play the piano. D He wasnt a good pianist.3 A They were sold out. B They hadnt been printed. C They had already been picked up. D They werent supposed to be mid.4 A Theyre received a broken tape. B The woman knew how to repair the tape recorder. C The tape recorder couldnt be fixed. D Theyd have to order more tapes.5 A He would send a postcard if he went away. B He wouldnt be able to take a vacation. C He had already gone back to work. D He didnt want to go to Florida.6 A He hadnt finished his sketches. B He had furnished his house. C He could draw beautifully. D He wasnt really dreaming.7 A She had followed orders correctly. B The lab equipment hadnt been ordered. C The chemistry lab wasnt cleaned up. D They had gotten a new door for the chemistry lab.8 A The infirmary was open. B Yesterday wasnt holiday. C The man wasnt really ill. D The hospital was closed.9 A All of them couldnt h1de in the womans car. B Mikes friends didnt plan to go to t e game. C Mike had a scar on his ear. D Mikes car wasnt available.10 A Harry took care of someone in the office. B They were going to give Harry a job. C Harry had done a very good job. D They still had to find a replacement for Harry.（第三、四课时）In-Class Reading : How I Discovered WordsStudents will get the passage from their teacher and read it on their own. They should finish it within 12 minutes. They will be required to record the time they actually take.After the students have finished In-Class Reading, they will be asked to do Exercises.I. Language Points1. consciousness n. 1)being conscious 知觉 感觉a. The blow caused him to lose .b. He did not recover his until 2 hours after the accident2) all the feelings, ideas, thoughts, wishes, intentions, recollections of a person or persons 意识a. Students are supposed to renew their about language learning. conscious adj. They were of being/ that they were being watched. consciously adv. unconsciously adv.cf: conscience 良心 2. eventful adj.full of notable events 多事的 充满大事的a. The past year has been .b. Fires, wars and diseases make a conclusion of 20th century. event n. It is easy to be wise after the event. a. Two events received national attention during the tear. b. in the natural/ normal/usual/course of event 按照自然的趋势 c. in any event 无论如何3. grope v. feel or search as one does in the dark 摸索 搜寻a. We d our way in the dark corridor.b. We are ing after/for the truth.c. Students are ing after/for the right answer to the problem.4. impress vt. 1) sb. (with sth.): have an favorable effect on sb.; make sb. feel admiration and respect 给人印象深刻; 使人佩服而起敬a. The girl ed him with her liveliness and sense of humor.2) sth. on/ upon sb.:fix sth. in ones mind; make sb. keenly aware of sth.a. I ed on him the importance of his work. impressive adj. impression n.5. keen adj. 1) sharp 锋利a. The robber was holding a knife with a edge. 2) strong, deep 强烈 深刻a. He has a interest in his work. 3) active, sensitive 敏捷 敏感 a. A intelligence comes from a healthy body. 4) eager; anxious to do sth. 切望 热心 a. Nowadays many young people are as as mustard about surfboarding. keenly adv. a. be keen on: He is so on the game as to forget everything else.6. linger vi. be slow or late in going away; stay at or near a place逗留 徘徊a. He still ed about by the Xuanwu Lake after everyone else had left.b. Mothers words still in my ears. c. The patient ed out several more days.lingering adj.long, protracted: a illness, a look, a few doubts 7.penetrate vt,vi. make a way into 进入 贯穿 洞察a. The cats claws d my skin.b. A wise man should not merely see the surface, but beneath.c. It is impossible to the mystery. into/to/through: Western ideas slowly into the East. be d with :be filled with penetration n. penetrating adj.8. renew vt.1) put new life and vigor into 更新 注入新生命和精力 a. When the old man saw the ragged phone, he ed his youth. 2) get, make, say or give again 重新a. Wed a library book for some more time if you havent finished reading it. 3) replace 换新 补充a. We must our supplies of coal renewal n. renewable adj.9. thrill n. wave of excited feeling, nervous tremor 激动 震颤a. It gave her quite a to shake hands with the Princess.b. The film will give you the of a lifetime. vt. vi. cause to feel a or s 使震颤a. She ed with delight when the handsome footballer kissed her.b. The news made him ed with excitement.c. There was a ing finish to the race. thriller: novel, play or film in which excitement and emotional appeal are the essential elementsII. Important Structures1. The most important day I remember in all my life is the one .(L.1)2. It was the third of March, 1887, three months before I was seven years old. (L3-4)3. .I stood on the porch, dumb, expectant. ( L5)4. On entering the door I remember the doll I had broken. (L 59)III. Paraphrase the Following Sentences1. Anger and bitterness had preyed upon me continually for weeks and a deep languor had succeeded this passionate struggle. (L11-12)2. Have you ever been at sea in a dense fog, when it seemed as if a tangible white darkness shut you in, and the great ship, tense and anxious, groped her way toward the shore with plummet and sounding-line, and you waited with beating heart for something to happen? (L13-15)3. I was like that ship before my education began, only I was without compass and sounding-line, and had no way of knowing how near the harbor was. (L16-17)4. I was simply making my fingers go in monkey-like imitation. (L30)5. But my teacher had been with me several weeks before I understood that everything has a name. (L32-33)6. In despair, she had dropped the subject for the time, only to renew it at the first opportunity. (L38-39)7. Neither sorrow nor regret followed my passionate outburst. (L41)IV. Translation1. I did not know what the future held of marvel and surprise for me. (L11)2. Anger and bitterness had preyed upon me continually for weeks and a deep languor had succeeded this passionate struggle. (L11-12)3. Have you ever been at sea in a dense fog, when it seemed as if a tangible white darkness shut you in, and the great ship, tense and anxious, groped her way toward the shore with plummet and sounding -, -line, and you waited with beating heart for something to happen? (L13-15)4. Neither sorrow nor regret followed my passionate outburst. (L41)Vocabulary and translation exercises will be assigned to the students for homework.（第五、六课时）After-Class ReadingPassage I : Foreign AccentsI. Language Points1. broaden vi. vt. become broader 加宽 拓宽 扩大a. We in experience by traveling.b. We should our experience by traveling more.c. They have ed out the avenue considerably.d. His face ed out into a grin. cf. -en: soften, quicken, weaken, fasten, tighten, strengthen.2. intelligence n. 1) mental ability 才智 智力a. The prime ministers and wit enlivened the press conference.b. A person who quickly learns and understands has good . 2) news, information, esp with reference to important events 消息 情报a. Our shows that enemy is advancing.b. The is given by the Telligent adj.聪敏的 理智的:a. All human beings are much more than elligible adj .that can be easily understood; clear to mind 易领悟的 intelligibility n. the quality of being intelligible intellectual adj. 有智力的 显示智力的 n.知识分子3.offend vt. hurt the feeling of; annoy, displease 伤.感情 触怒 a. She was deeply ed with them at/by their refusal to come.b. I am sorry I you unintentionally. against违反: Such behavior s against good taste. offender n.offence n.offensive adj.4. sympathize vi. feel or express sympathy or support 同情 赞同a. I with you for Ive had similar unhappy experience.b. Toms parents do not with his ambition to become an actor. sympathy n. 同情 赞同 in with 赞同II. Important Structures1. As far as Im concerned, I do tend to judge people I meet by their accents. (L1)2. Mind you, there is a limit to intelligibility. (L15)3. Now that English is such an international language, I think. (L51)III. Paraphrase the Following Sentences1. .but I never feel comfortable with a new person until Ive been able to place them from the way they speak. (L3-4)2. If someone is clearly French, I know there is no point in talking about cricket or making jokes about Irish. (L11-12)3. .and Im always very pleased when Im taken for a Frenchman and feel quite discouraged when someone immediately spots that Im English. (L32-33)IV. Translation1. To be honest, its only very few who have such a good ear that they can produce more or less genuine British English, and even then it can be qui