新视野第二版Unit04 全部课文原文译文练习及答案.doc

郑树棠主编新视野大学英语读写教程1（第二版）M北京：外语教学与研究出版社，2011年2月Unit 4Preview肖胜文译文预览 Speech may be the most obvious way by which we communicate with each other, but it is not necessarily the most important. 肖胜文译文 说话可能是人与人之间最明显的交流方式，但不一定是最重要的。Whether we are conscious of it or not, our “body language” expresses what we really feel. 肖胜文译文不管我们是否意识到这一点，“体态语”表达了我们真实感觉。If we use our gestures and facial expressions effectively, we can better express ourselves. 肖胜文译文如果我们有效地使用手势和面部表情，我们可以更好地表达我们自己。At the same time, we should remember that effective communication is about what we want to express. Mastering all the movements will not be enough if we do not feel strongly about what we are saying. 肖胜文译文不过，我们应该记住有效沟通的关键在于我们想表达什么，如果一个人言不由衷，即使掌握了所有体态语也不足以有效沟通。So, try to use different means of communication together to express what we really want to. This will help us make a good impression on others.肖胜文译文因此，尽量使用多种交流手段，表达出我们真正想表达的东西。这会帮助我们给别人留下一个良好的印象。-77-Section APre-reading Activities肖胜文译文阅读前活动First Listening 肖胜文译文听第一遍Listen to a passage about body language. 肖胜文译文听以下片段，讲的是体态语。Second Listening 肖胜文译文听第二遍Listen to the passage again and answer the following questions according to what you hear. The last question is open-ended and may have different answers. 肖胜文译文再听一遍录音并回答下面问题，最后一个问题是开放性问题，可以有不同答案。1. How long does it take us to judge people we meet? 肖胜文译文1、我们要花多长时间对我们碰到的人做出判断？参考答案2. What is the way to make a good first impression according to the passage? 肖胜文译文2、本文认为如何才能给人留下良好的第一印象？参考答案3. What do you usually do to make a good impression on others when you first meet them? 肖胜文译文3、你通常怎样给人留下良好的第一印象？Text How to Make a Good Impression参考译文如何给人留下好印象Para 1 Research shows we make up our minds about people through unspoken communication within seven seconds of meeting them. 参考译文 有研究显示，我们对他人的判断是根据我们最初遇到他们的七秒钟里所进行的无声交流形成的。肖胜文译文 研究表明，人与人相见，无需交谈，只要7秒钟，初步印象就已形成。Consciously or unconsciously, we show our true feelings with our eyes, faces, bodies and attitudes, causing a chain of reactions, ranging from comfort to fear. 参考译文无论是有意识还是无意识，我们都会用我们的眼神、面部表情、形体动作和态度来表现我们的真实情感，从而使他人产生从舒适到害怕等一连串反应。肖胜文译文我们的眼神和面部表情、我们的形体动作和姿态有意无意将我们的真情实感暴露无遗，使周围的人产生舒适或恐惧等各种反应。Para 2Think about some of your most unforgettable meetings: an introduction to your future spouse, a job interview, an encounter with a stranger.参考译文想想那些让你最为难忘的会面：被介绍给你未来的妻子或丈夫、一次求职面试、与陌生人的一次邂逅。肖胜文译文回想一下你最难忘的几次会见，如相亲，求职面试，与陌生人的一次邂逅等等。Focus on the first seven seconds. What did you feel and think? How did you “read” the other person? How do you think he read you?参考译文将注意力集中在最初的七秒钟，你当时有何感想？你是如何“解读”他人的？你认为他又是如何解读你的？肖胜文译文主要想一想最初的七秒钟，你当时有何感想？你如何解读对方？你认为对方又是如何解读你的？Para 3 You are the message. 参考译文 你本人就是信息。For 25 years Ive worked with thousands who want to be successful. 参考译文25年来，我在工作中和数千个想要成功的人打过交道。肖胜文译文25年来，我在工作中接触了几千名渴望成功的人士。Ive helped them make persuasive presentations, answer -78-unfriendly questions, communicate more effectively. The secret has always been you are the message.参考译文我帮助他们，使他们所作的演讲有说服力，教他们如何回答不友好的提问，以及如何与人更有效地沟通。而所有这一切的秘诀都在于要懂得你本人就是信息。肖胜文译文我帮助他们使自己的陈述更有说服力，教他们回答不友好的提问，使他们与他人沟通更加有效。而这一切的秘诀都在于（懂得）你本人就是信息。Para 4 Others will want to be with you and help you if you use your good qualities. 参考译文 如果你能利用你的优点，别人就会愿意跟你在一起，并且愿意帮助你。肖胜文译文 如果你能利用自身良好素质，别人就愿意跟你在一起，帮助你。They include: physical appearance, energy, rate of speech, pitch and tone of voice, gestures, expression through the eyes, and the ability to hold the interest of others. 参考译文这些优点包括：外表、活力、语速、语音语调、手势、眼神，以及使他人对你保持兴趣的能力。肖胜文译文这些良好素质包括：外表、活力、语速、音高和音调、手势、眼神以及能抓住他人兴趣的能力。Others form an impression about you based on these. 参考译文别人对你的印象就是根据这些因素形成的。肖胜文译文他人对你的印象就是根据这些形成的。Para 5 Think of times when you know you made a good impression. What made you successful?参考译文 想想有哪几次你确切知道你给人留下了好印象。你成功的原因又是什么？肖胜文译文 再想一想你所知道的几次成功的经历，你为什么能给人留下良好的印象呢？You were committed to what you were talking about and so absorbed in the moment you lost all self-consciousness. 参考译文那是因为你对你所谈论的事情非常投入，你当时完全沉浸其中，以至于完全没有了羞涩的感觉。肖胜文译文因为你对自己所谈的事情非常投入，完全沉浸其中，毫无忸怩不安的感觉。Para 6 Be yourself. 参考译文 保持自我。肖胜文译文 做你自己。Many how-to books advise you to stride into a room and impress others with your qualities. 参考译文许多指导性的书籍会建议你大步走进一个房间，用你的优点给别人留下深刻印象。肖胜文译文很多入门书籍建议你大步走进房间，展现个人素质，给人留下深刻印象。They instruct you to greet them with “power handshakes” and tell you to fix your eyes on the other person. 参考译文他们会教你以“有力的握手”问候他人，并且告诉你要用双眼注视对方。肖胜文译文他们教你跟人打招呼时用力握手，并告诉你要眼睛直视对方。If you follow all this advice, youll drive everyone crazy including yourself. 参考译文可你如果遵循了所有这些建议，你会让所有的人都受不了包括你自己。肖胜文译文如果你听从这些建议，你会让所有人都受不了，包括你自己。Para 7 The trick is to be consistently you, at your best. 参考译文 诀窍在于要始终如一地保持自我，保持最佳状态的自我。肖胜文译文 诀窍在于始终做你自己，做最好的自己。The most effective people never change from one situation to another. 参考译文给人印象最深的那些人从不随着情境的变化而改变自己。肖胜文译文那些始终如一做好自己的人最容易给人留下良好印象。分析Change from one situation to another的意思不是“随情景的变化而改变自己”，而是“从一种状态变成另一种状态”。能不能翻译成朝三暮四？朝秦暮楚？哈哈哈。Theyre the same whether theyre having a conversation, addressing their garden club or being interviewed for a job. 参考译文无论是在与人交谈时，在园艺俱乐部上发表演说时，还是在求职面试中，他们的表现都是一样的肖胜文译文无论是与人交谈，还是在田园俱乐部发表演讲或参加求职面试，他们都表现如一。They communicate with their whole being; the tones of their voices and their gestures match their words. 参考译文他们全身心地与人交流；他们的音调和手势与他们说的话保持着一致。肖胜文译文他们在与人交流时全神贯注，语气和手势也跟所说的话相匹配。疑问声情并茂，绘声绘色？都不对。声音手势都跟内容相匹配，用什么词？Para 8 Public speakers, however, often send mixed messages. 参考译文 然而，演说家常常会传递一些混合不清的信息。肖胜文译文 然而，有些人面对公众演讲时，传达的信息常常不一致。My favorite is the kind who say, “Ladies and gentlemen, Im very happy to be here” while looking at their shoes. 参考译文我最喜欢用来作例子的一类演说家是那些边看自己的鞋子边说“女士们、先生们，我很高兴来到这里”的人。肖胜文译文我最喜欢举这类人做例子，他们一边看着自己的鞋子，一边说，“女士们，先生们，我很高兴来到这里。”They dont look happy. They look angry, frightened or depressed.参考译文他们看上去并不高兴。他们看上去气愤、恐惧或沮丧。肖胜文译文他们看上去并不高兴，而是显得很生气，或者感到恐惧，或者显得很沮丧。Para 9 The audience always believe what they see over what they hear. They think, “Hes telling me hes happy, but hes not. Hes not being honest.”参考译文 听众总是相信自己的亲眼所见胜过耳闻。他们会想，“他告诉我他很高兴，可他并不是这样。他并没有说实话。”肖胜文译文 观众们往往更相信眼见为实，耳听为虚，他们想，“他说他很高兴，但是事实上不是这样，这个人在撒谎。”Para 10 Use your eyes.参考译文 用你的眼睛。肖胜文译文 学会用眼。Whether youre talking to one person or one hundred, always remember to look at them. 参考译文不管你是和一个人交谈，还是对一百个人发表讲话，始终记住你要看着他们。肖胜文译文无论你是跟一个人交谈，还是面对一百个人讲话，始终记住要面对观众。Some people start to say something while looking right at you, but three words into the sentence, they break eye contact and look out the window. 参考译文有些人在开始说话时会直视你，但一句话刚说了几个字，他就会中断与你目光的接触，把目光移向窗外。肖胜文译文有些人刚开始说话时还看着你，但还没说上三个字，目光就转移了，投向了窗外。Para 11 As you enter a room, move your eyes comfortably; then look straight at those in the room and smile. Smiling is important. It shows you are relaxed. 参考译文当你走进房间时，目光从容地扫视；然后直视房间里的人，并对他们微笑。微笑是很重要的，它表明你很放松。肖胜文译文当你走进房间时，先扫视一下整个房间，要显得从容，然后直视房间里的人，对他们微笑，微笑很重要，它表明你很放松。Some think entering a room full of people is like going into a lions cage. I disagree.参考译文有人认为走进一个有很多人的房间就像走进一个狮子笼。我不同意这种说法。肖胜文译文有人认为走进一间满是人的房间就像走进一个狮子笼，我不同意这种说法。If I did agree, I certainly wouldnt look at my feet or at the ceiling. Id keep my eyes on the lion! 参考译文就算我同意，我也肯定不会看着自己的脚或是天花板。我会注视那头狮子。肖胜文译文就算真的进了狮子笼，我也一定不会把眼光盯着双脚或天花板，我会密切关注狮子的动向。-79-Para 12 Lighten up. 参考译文 别太当真。肖胜文译文 别把自己太当回事。Once in a staff meeting, one of the most powerful chairmen in the entertainment industry became very angry over tiny problems, scolded each worker and enjoyed making them fear him. 参考译文一次在员工会议上，一位娱乐业最有影响的董事长由于一些微不足道的问题大发雷霆，责备每一位员工，为能使员工害怕自己而感到满足。肖胜文译文在一次员工大会上，娱乐业一位最有影响力的董事长因为一点小事大发雷霆，他把每一个员工都骂了一遍，好像看到员工们噤若寒蝉的样子很高兴。When he got to me, he shouted, “And you, Ailes, what are you doing?”参考译文当他走向我，对我喊道，“还有你，艾尔斯，你在忙些什么？”肖胜文译文后来他走到我跟前，大声吼道，“还有你，艾尔斯，你想干什么？”疑问这个双关我翻译不出来。Para 13 I said, “Do you mean now, this evening or for the rest of my life?” There was a moment of silence. Then the chairman threw back his head and roared with laughter. Others laughed too.参考译文 我说：“你是说现在？今晚？还是在我的余生中？”之后有片刻的沉默。接着董事长仰头放声大笑。其他人也跟着笑起来。肖胜文译文 我问，“你是说现在，还是今晚，还是我的后半辈子？”大厅一片沉默，突然董事长仰头大声起来，其他人也跟着笑了。Humor broke the stress of a very uncomfortable scene. 参考译文幽默可以打破尴尬场合中的紧张气氛。肖胜文译文幽默使现场紧张不安的气氛缓和下来。Para 14 If I had to give advice in two words, it would be “lighten up”! 参考译文 如果一定要我用几个字说出我的建议的话，那就是“别太当真”!肖胜文译文 如果非要我用几个字给出我的建议，那就是“别把自己太当回事。”哈哈哈 如果非要我用两个字给出我的建议，那就是“淡定”。哈哈哈。You can always see people who take themselves too seriously. Usually they are either brooding or talking a great deal about themselves.参考译文你总会发现有一些人对待自己太过认真。他们通常不是在沉思，就是在滔滔不绝地谈论自己。肖胜文译文你总能发现有些人太把自己当回事，通常，他们不是对他人不理不睬就是滔滔不绝谈论自己。Para 15 Take a good hard look at yourself. Do you say “I” too often? Are you usually focused on your own problems? Do you complain frequently?参考译文 仔细地观察一下你自己，你说“我”的次数是否过多？你通常是否将注意力集中在你个人的问题上？你是否经常抱怨？肖胜文译文 认真审视一下你自己，你说话是否经常“我”字当头？你是否经常以个人为中心？你是否经常怨天尤人？If you answered yes to even one of these questions, you need to lighten up. 参考译文对于上述问题，哪怕只有其中一个你给出的是肯定的回答，那么你就需要“别太当真”了肖胜文译文只要有一个问题你回答“是”，你就需要放松一下，别太把自己当回事。To make others comfortable, you have to appear comfortable yourself. Dont make any huge changes; just be yourself.参考译文为了让别人感到自在，你自己先要表现得轻松。不必作出大的改变，只需要保持自我。肖胜文译文为了让别人感到舒适，首先要自己显得轻松，不必改变太多，做你自己就行了。You already have within you the power to make a good impression, because nobody can be you as well as you can.参考译文你本身已具备了给人留下良好印象的能力，因为要保持你的自我，只有你自己才能做得好，谁也代替不了你。肖胜文译文你自身已具备给人留下良好印象的能力，因为只有你才能做好你自己，谁也代替不了你。(Words: 705)New Words 生词 impression im5preFEnn. C an opinion or feeling about sb. or sth. 印象conscious 5kCnFEsa. 1. noticing or realizing sth. 有意识的；意识到的2. awake and knowing what is happening around 清醒的；有知觉的consciously 5kCnFEsliad. aware of having done sth. 有意识地；有知觉地reaction ri(:)5AkFEnn. C the way a person or thing responds to sth. 反应 range reindVvi. vary between certain limits （在一定范围内）变动，变化n. 1. sing. the area of power, responsibility, etc. that sb. has （职责等的）范围2. sing., U the distance over which sth. can be sent, heard or seen （视觉、听觉的）范围；射程 introduction 7intrE5dQkFEnn. 1. C the act of telling people each others names when they first meet. 介绍，引见2. U the act of bringing sth. into use for the first time引进，采用-80-spouse spauzn. C a husband or wife 配偶interview 5intEvju:n. 1. C, U a formal meeting at which people are asked questions in order to find out whether they are suitable for a job, course of study, etc. 面试2. C an occasion when people are asked questions about their lives, experiences, or opinions for a newspaper, TV program, etc. 采访，访谈vt. ask sb. questions during an interview 面试；采访encounter in5kauntEn. C a meeting with sb. by chance 意外（或偶然）相遇vt. meet sb. or sth. without planning to 意外遇到；遭遇focus 5fEukEsv. (on) give special attention to one particular person or thing 使（注意力等）集中n. sing. the thing, person, situation, etc. that people pay special attention to中心，集中点persuasive pE5sweIsIva. able to make other people believe or do sth. 有说服力的，能使人相信的presentation 7prezen5teiFEnn. C an event at which a person describes or explains a product or idea 描述，陈述 physical 5fizikEla. 1. having to do with ones body 身体的，肉体的2. having to do with things that can be seen 物质的，有形的rate reitn. 1. C the speed at which sth. happens 速度2. C the number of times sth. happens within a certain period 比率，率pitch pitFn. U the highness or lowness of a voice or a musical mote 声音或音调的高低度tone tEunn. C the sound of sb.s voice that shows what they are feeling 声调；语气，口气我一直读成tQNabsorbed Eb5sC:bda. so interested in sth. that one does not notice anything else 专注的；全神贯注的 how-to5hau5tu:a. (infml.) giving information on how to do a particular thing 提供入门知识的；教你怎样做的stride straidvi. (strode, stridden) walk with long steps 大踏步走，阔步行进n. C a long step 大步 impress im5presvt.make sb. feel admiration and respect 给留下深刻的印象 shake Feikn. C the act of shaking sb.s hand 握手handshake5hAndFeikn. C the act of shaking sb.s hand 握手consistent kEn5sistEnta. always having the same opinions, standards, behavior, etc. 一致的；一贯的consistently kEn5sistEntliad.in a consistent way 一致地，一贯地address E5dresvt. make a formal speech to large group of people 向作（正式）讲话，对发表演说-81- match mAtFvt. be suitable for a particular person, thing, or situation 和相一致，和相配 depress di5presvt. make sb. feel unhappy 使抑郁，使沮丧depressed di5presta. very unhappy 抑郁的，沮丧的audience 5C:djEnsn. C a group of people who watch or listen to a play, concert, speech, etc. 观众，听众 contact 5kCntAktn. 1. U a state in which two people or things touch each other 接触2. U communication with a person, organization, etc. 联系；交往 relax ri5lAksv. make or become less worried or annoyed （使）轻松，（使）愉快relaxed ri5lAksta. feeling calm and not worried or annoyed 松弛的，放松的 powerful 5pauEfula. 1. able to influence or control what people do or think 有影响力的；能控制他人的2. physically strong 强壮的，强健有力的 entertainment entE5teinmEntn. C, U things that are intended to amuse or interest people 娱乐；供消遣的东西 roar rC:vi. make a loud noise by laughing or shouting 大声叫喊，咆哮；大笑brood bru:dvi. think and worry about sth. a lot 沉思；担忧课文生词总量32：课文长度705 = 生词占课文的比率4.54%派生/复合词一般要求词汇较高词汇要求更高要求词汇超纲词汇28（积极词汇17个）2025Phrases and Expressions make up ones mind make a decision 下定决心，打定主意range from tovary from to （在一定范围内）从到变化，变动be committed to be willing to work hard at sth. 献身于，投入于be absorbed in be so involved in and activity that one cannot think about other things 全神贯注于，专心于fix ones eyes on look at thing or person carefully 凝视，盯住看drive sb. crazy make sb. feel very angry or annoyed 逼得某人发疯at ones best in the best state 处于最佳状态lighten up (used to tell sb.) not to be so serious about sth. 放轻松；别太当真take sb. or sth. seriously think sb. or sth. is important and should be given attention to 认为某人或某物重要Proper Names Ailes ails艾尔斯（人名）-82-Exercises: Comprehension of the Text 课文理解I. Answer the following questions. 一、回答下列问题。1. How do we show our true feeling during the first seven seconds when we meet someone? 肖胜文译文11、我们的真情实感在跟人见面的头七秒钟是如何暴露的？肖胜文译文21、我们如何在与人见面的头七秒钟显示我们的真实情感？参考答案Consciously or unconsciously, we show our true feelings with our eyes, faces, bodies and attitudes, causing a chain of reactions, ranging from comfort to fear. 肖胜文译文我们的眼神、我们的面部表情、我们的形体动作、我们的态度有意无意将我们的真情实感暴露无遗，使周围的人产生舒适或恐惧等各种反应。Para 1 Research shows we make up our minds about people through unspoken communication within seven seconds of meeting them. 肖胜文译文 研究表明，人与人相见，无需交谈，只要7秒钟，初步印象就已形成。2. What good qualities do you use if you want others to be with you and help you? 肖胜文译文2、哪些良好素质可帮助你让别人跟你在一起并帮助你？参考答案Para 4 Others will want to be with you and help you if you use your good qualities. 肖胜文译文 如果你能利用你的良好素质，别人就愿意跟你一起，帮助你。They include: physical appearance, energy, rate of speech, pitch and tone of voice, gestures, expression through the eyes, and the ability to hold the interest of others. 肖胜文译文这些素质包括：外表、活力、语速、音高和音调、手势、眼神以及能抓住他人兴趣的能力。Others form an impression about you based on these. 肖胜文译文他人对你的印象就是根据这些形成的。3. Why do many how-to books fail to help us make a good impression? 肖胜文译文3、为什么许多入门书籍不能帮助我们留下一个好的印象？参考答案Many how-to books advise you to stride into a room and impress others with your qualities. 肖胜文译文很多入门书籍建议你大步走进房间，展现个人品质，给人留下深刻印象。They instruct you to greet them with “power handshakes” and tell you to fix your eyes on the other person. 肖胜文译文他们教你跟人打招呼时用力握手，并告诉你要眼睛直视对方。If you follow all this advice, youll drive everyone crazy including yourself. 肖胜文译文如果你听从这些建议，你会让所有人都受不了，包括你自己。4. What should you do if you want to be consistently you at your best? 肖胜文译文4、如果你想始终做你自己，做最好的自己，你该怎么做？参考答案Para 7 The trick is to be consistently you, at your best. 肖胜文译文 诀窍在于始终做你自己，做最好的自己。The most effective people never change from one situation to another. 肖胜文译文那些始终如一做好自己的人最容易给人留下良好印象。Theyre the same whether theyre having a conversation, addressing their garden club or being interviewed for a job. 肖胜文译文无论是与人交谈，还是在田园俱乐部发表演讲或参加求职面试，他们都表现如一。They communicate with their whole being; the tones of their voices and their gestures match their words. 参考译文他们全身心地与人交流；他们的音调和手势与他们说的话保持着一致。肖胜文译文他们与人交流时全神贯注，语气和手势跟所说的话相匹配。5. What does the writer mean by saying “public speakers often send mixed messages”? 肖胜文译文5、作者说“public speakers often send mixed messages”是什么意思？参考答案Para 8 Public speakers, however, often send mixed messages. 肖胜文译文 然而，有些人面对公众演讲时，传达的信息常常不一致。My favorite is the kind who say, “Ladies and gentlemen, Im very happy to be here” while looking at their shoes. 肖胜文译文我最喜欢举这类人来做例子，他们一边看着自己的鞋子，一边说，“女士们，先生们，我很高兴来到这里。”They dont look happy. They look angry, frightened or depressed.肖胜文译文他们看上去并不高兴，而是显得很生气，或者感到恐惧，或者