（新课标）高考英语短文语法填空和阅读一轮选练（11）.doc

（新课标）2016高考英语短文语法填空和阅读一轮选练（11）语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。【全国新课标卷题型】 soon after dave left college, one of his uncles, _1_ was rich and had no children of his own died and _2_(leave) dave a lot of money, so he decided to set up his own real estate agency(地产公司)he found a nice office, _3_ (buy) some new furniture and moved in. he had only been there for a few hours when he heard someone coming _4_ the door of his office.“its my first customer！” he thought. he quickly picked up _5_ telephone and pretended to be very busy _6_(answer)an important call from someone in new york _7_ wanted to buy a big and expensive house in the country. the man knocked at the door _8_ this was going on, came in and waited _9_(polite) for the agent to finish his conversation. then he said to him, “im from the telephone company, and i _10_(send) here to connect your telephone.”1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._6_ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._答案：1.who2.left3.bought4.towards5.the6.answering7.who8.while/when9.politely10.was sent广东省语法填空阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。if the population of the earth keeps on _1_(increase) at its present rate，there will _2_(event) not be enough resources left to support life on the planet. by the middle of the 21st century，if present trends continue，we _3_(use) up all the oil that drive our cars, for example. even if scientists develop new ways of feeding the human race, the crowded conditions on earth will make it _4_(necessity) for us to look for somewhere else. but _5_ of the other planets in our solar system are capable of supporting life at present. one possible solution to the problem，_6_， has recently been suggested by an american scientist, professor carl sagan. sagarn believes that _7_ the earths resources are completely _8_(exhaust) ，it will be possible to change the atmosphere of venus and _9_ create a new world almost as large as earth itself. something is difficult. venus is much hotter than the earth. _10_， there is only a tiny amount of water there.1解析考查短语keep on doing的用法。答案increasing2解析there will not be enough resources的主谓结构是完整的，所以只能用event的副词形式eventually作状语。答案eventually3解析时间状语是by将来时间，谓语用将来完成时态。答案will have used4解析考查句型makeitadj.forsb.to do sth.。答案necessary5解析考查理解和代词。根据意思应该是“其他行星中到目前为止还没有一个适合生命的生存。”none of复数名词/不可数名词，表示“中没有一个。”答案none6解析考查上下文理解和行文逻辑。前文说“没办法”，这里说“可能的解决方案”所以用“however”表示转折。答案however7解析考查内容理解和从句。这里应该是“在地球的资源完全枯竭之前”，所以用before。答案before8解析是个及物动词，“耗尽，用完”，这里应该用被动语态。答案exhausted9解析考虑到行文逻辑，这里表示的是结果，因此，so/therefore是最佳措辞。答案so/therefore10解析考查行文逻辑。文章最后两句很明显是解释something is difficult这句话。有两件事是困难的，除了venus比地球热得多，另一难题是那里的水有限，所以这里用besides.答案besides阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。【2014山东省潍坊市高考模拟考试】success is often measured by the ability to overcome adversity.but，it is often the belief of others that gives us the courage to try.jk.rowling，author of the harry potter book series，began writing at the age of 6.in her biography，she remembers with great fondness when her good friend sean，whom she met in secondary school，became the first person to encourage her and help build the confidence that one day she would be a very good writer.“he was the first person with whom i really discussed my serious ambition to be a writer.he was also the only person who thought i was bound to be a success at it，which meant much more to me than i ever told him at the time.”despite many setbacks，rowling persevered in her writing，particularly fantasy stories.but it wasnt until 1990 that she first conceived the idea about harry potter.as she recalls，it was on a long train journey from london to manchester that the idea of harry potter simply fell into her head.“to my immense frustration (沮丧)，i didnt have a functioning pen with me，and i was too shy to ask anybody if i could borrow one.i think，now，that this was probably a good thing，because i simply sat and thought，for four (delayed train) hours，and all the details bubbled up in my brain，and this scrawny，blackhaired，bespectacled (戴眼镜的) boy who didnt know he was a wizard became more and more real to me.”that same year，her mother passed away after a tenyear battle with multiple sclerosis，which deeply affected her writing.she went on to marry and had a daughter，but separated from her husband shortly afterwards.during this time，rowling was diagnosed with clinical depression.unemployed，she completed her first novel in area cafes，where she could get her daughter to fall asleep.after being rejected by 12 publishing houses，the first harry potter novel was sold to a small british publishing house.now with seven books that have sold nearly 400 million copies in 64 languages，j.k.rowling is the highest earning novelist in history.and it all began with her commitment to writing that was fostered by the confidence of a friend!1who believed jk.rowling was to be a good writer?aher friend sean.bher mother.cher daughter.dher husband.2rowling first came up with the idea about harry potter_.aat the age of 6bon a train journeycafter her mothers deathdin her secondary school3she felt frustrated on the train because_.aher train was delayed for four hoursbshe didnt have a pen with hercher mind suddenly went blankdno one would offer her help4it can be concluded from paragraph 5 and 6 that rowling is_.aopenminded bwarmheartedcgoodnatureddstrongwilled5the text mainly tells us_.ahardship makes a good novelistbthe courage to try is a special abilitycyou can have a wonderful idea everywheredencouragement contributes to ones success语篇解读文章主要介绍j.k.rowling在好朋友sean的鼓励下，成功创作了哈利波特系列小说。1解析：细节理解题。根据第二、三段可知，rowling的好朋友sean鼓励并相信她能成为一名优秀的作家。答案：a2解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的第三句“as she recalls，it was on a long train journey from london to manchester that the idea of harry potter simply fell into her head.”可知答案为b。答案：b3解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第四句中的“to my immense frustration (沮丧) i didnt have a functioning pen with me”可知b项正确。答案：b4解析：推理判断题。第五段讲的是j.k.rowling经历了母亲去世和丈夫离婚的打击，第六段讲的是她患上了抑郁症，失业，照顾孩子以及被出版商拒绝12次，从这些叙述中可以看出她意志坚强。答案：d5解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据文章的首段和最后一段可知，本文主要讲的是鼓励可以促使他人取得成功，故d项正确。答案：d。【河北省邯郸市2014一模试题】recently a study, led by pedro hallal of the federal university, suggests that nearly a third of adults, 31%, are not getting enough exercise. that rates of exercise have declined is hardly a new discovery. since the beginning of the industrial revolution, technology and economic growth have helped to create a world in which taking exercise is more and more an option rather than a necessity. but only recently have enough good data been collected from enough places to carry out the sort of analysis dr hallal and his colleagues have engaged in.there are common themes in different places. unsurprisingly, people in rich countries are less active than those in poor ones, and old people are less active than young ones. less obviously, women tend to exercise less than men34% are inactive, compared with 28% of men. but there are exceptions. the women of croatia, finland, iraq and luxembourg, for example, move more than their male countrymen.malta wins the race for most slothful country, with 72% of adults getting too little exercise, and swaziland and saudi arabia are in close behind, with 69%. in bangladesh, just 5% of adults fail to exercise enough. surprisingly, six americans in ten are active enough according to dr hallals study, compared with fewer than four in ten british. these high rates of inactivity are worrying. human beings seem to have evolved(进化) to benefit from exercise while deliberately avoiding it whenever they can. in a state of nature it would be impossible to live a life that did not provide enough of it. but that is no longer the case. actually lack of enough activity these days has nearly the same effect on life span(寿命) as smoking.29. we may learn from paragraph 1 that_.a. the decline of exercise rates is newly discovered b. the study suggests 31% of female adults get too little exercise c. the good enough data has been collected from only one countryd. the industrial revolution has changed the way people live to some degree30. according to the study, women of luxembourg_. a. have little time to exercise b. hate to get regular exercisec. take more exercise to lose weightd. exercise more than men in their country31. the underlined word “slothful” in paragraph 3 most probably means_.a. powerfulb. richc. lazyd. unpopular32. what can be the best title for the text? a. worldwide lack of enough exerciseb. new health discoveryc. evolvement of human beings d. benefits of taking exercise【参考答案】29-32 ddca【河北省邯郸市2014一模试题】 welcometoarundel castle which is situated in west sussex, england. the castle has a history of nearly 1000 years and has welcomed visitorstravelingfromallovertheworld. arundel castle also plays a starring role in many films.the gardensthe white garden is planted with soft white iceberg roses, and snow white lilies.the rose garden is newly planted with lovely old-fashioned english roses that are at their very best in june and july.the organic kitchen garden produces a wide range of seasonal fruit and vegetables, pears, cherries and apples.the castle shop in the castle shop, you will discover a wide and interesting range of gift ideas for everyone. it offers gifts and souvenirs designed to appeal to all tastes and pockets. foods, china, books, and stationery (文具)are all available. many are sold in this castle shop only. at arundel castle we pride ourselves on supporting local suppliers