从 一道 高考题 谈起 常考的连接语 .doc

从2014年的一道高考题谈几个常考的连接语交大附中浦东实验高中 刘张生请看去年的一道上海英语高考题：（2014年上海高考：57题）例1：Instead he suggests that language evolved among women. We dont spend two-thirds of our time gossiping just because we can talk, argues Dunbar_57_, he goes on to say, language evolved specifically to allow us to gossip.57. A. for instance B. in addition C. on the contrary D. as a result（考题分析）这是一道考查具体语境条件下连接语使用的考题。仔细分析后，不难看出：设空部分的前后存在着语义上的转折关系，故选： C。所谓“连接语”就是体现两个或更多的句子之间的某种逻辑联系的单个词，短语，或者短句等。在意义上，其表现相当于连接词（连词），但连接语在结构上是连接两个独立的句子，在这一点上有别于连词。 总结和分析最近几年的上海英语考题，我们可以发现：由于连接语体现语境联系的紧密关联性，所以上海高考英语都对此常有所测试.笔者现对几个常考的连接语进行简单的分析，供考生复习时参考：1. 表示“举例”的连接语：所谓“举例”， 简单地说，就是说话者举例来说明自己的观点。常见的连接语有：for example; for instance.等。例 2: (2013年，上海. 55题.)Those who advocate globalization claim that economies in developing countries will benefit from new opportunities for small and home-based businesses. _55_, small farmers in Brazil who produce nuts that would originally have sold only in local open-air markets can now promote their goods worldwide by the internet.A. In addition B. For instanceC. In other words D. All in all(分析) 从上下文语境分析，该设空部分是对表示解释的连接语的考查. 答案为：B。请看另一考例: 例 3： (2012 年，上海. 56题.)In some situations, those who are physically attractive are more likely to receive aid. 56 , in a field study researchers placed a completed application to graduate school in a telephone box at the airport. The application was ready to be mailed, but had apparently been lost. The photo attached to the application was sometimes that of a very good-looking person and sometimes that of a less attractive person. The measure of helping was whether the individual who found the envelope actually mailed it or not. Results showed that people were more likely to send in the application if the person in the photo was physically attractive.A. At first B. Above all C. In addition D. For example（分析）该题考查的语境与例1 相同。选D。2. 用来“补充相似细节”的连接语。在具体的上下文中，如果需要补充与讲过的话相似的事实或者细节，可用similarly; 或者likewise等连接语连接。例 4：（2012年上海高考春考，51 题）A screen door (纱门) allows for an open view while at the same time affording a degree of privacy. 51 , communication between parents and their child away at college should have openness in expressing viewpoints but, at the same time, it should demonstrate a respect for privacy.51. A. Relatively B. Contrarily C. Typically D. Similarly（考题分析）本题设空部分的前后句之间明显存在着语义上的类比关系。所以，该题选：D。（similarly= in a similar way)关于的 similarly用法，请再看两例：例5：The girls particularly enjoy using social networking websites. Similarly, nearly all the boys said they spent at least two to three hours a week on these sites.例6： Cars must stop at red traffic lights; similarly (= in a similar way), bicycles should stop too.汽车遇到红灯时必须停下来，同样，自行车也应该停下来。再如：Educators feel that multitasking by children has a serious effect on later development of study skills. They believe that many college students now need help to improve their study skills. Similarly, employers feel that young people entering the job market need to be taught all over again, as modern gadgets (器具=device) have made it unnecessary for them to learn special skills to do their work.3. 连接语“in fact (= in actual fact;= as a matter of fact;),”该类连接语的语义连接作用主要是：一是用来强调现在所说话的内容；二是用来说明与前文所说内容的不同或者相反。请仔细体会下面的例句：I know the mayor really well - in fact, I had dinner with her last week.我确实和市长很熟 - 事实上上周我还和她一起吃过饭。又如：No, I dont work. In fact, Ive never had a job.不， 我不工作。 事实上， 我从来没工作过。最后，关于on the contrary, 笔者再举两例供参考：例1：-Didnt you find the film exciting?- On the contrary, I nearly fell asleep half way through it!(- 你不觉得这部电