六年级英语毕业总复习四种时态语法解析.doc

现在进行时一意义当表示现在正在进行的动作或正在发生的事。 二构成: be (am, is ,are )+动词现在分词-ing形式肯定句： 主语 +be + 现在分词V-ing (+ 其他) Im doing my homework now .否定句：主语+be+not+动词-ing +其他. Im not doing my homework now.一般疑问句：Be+主语+动词-ing +其他？Are you doing your home work now? Yes, I am . No , Im not . 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be+主语+动词-ing+其他？ What are you doing now ?三. 现在分词的构成： （1）一般在动词末尾直接加ing, （2）以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e,再加ing， 如 skate skating make makingdance dancingwrite writinghave havingride ridingcome coming （3）以重读闭音节结尾的动词，中间只有一个元音字母，词尾只有一个辅音字母，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing, 如： putting running beginning stopping swimming shopping jogging sitting getting forgetting letting四. 时间标志now，句前的look ,listen一般现在时一. 意义：表示经常发生的事情，动作或存在的状态二. 构成及变化1.be动词的变化。 肯定句： 主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。 一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike? 2. 行为动词的变化。l 当主语为第一，二人称及复数时，助动词为do肯定句：主语+动词原形(+其它)。如：We often play basketball after school.否定句：主语+ dont+动词原形(+其它)。如：we dont play basketball after school.一般疑问句：Do +主语+动词原形+其它?如： Do you often play basketball after school l? Yes, we do. / No, we dont.特殊疑问句：疑问词+以do开头的一般疑问句？如： What do you often do after school ?l 当主语为第三人称单数时 , 助动词为does肯定句：主语+动词三单式(+其它)。如： He swims well.否定句：主语+ doesnt+动词原形(+其它)。如：He doesnt swim well.一般疑问句：Does +主语+动词原形+其它。 如：Does he swim well ? Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+以does开头的一般疑问句？如： How does your father go to work?三第三人称单数的动词变化规则（只有在第三人称为主语的肯定句中，动词才用三单式）(1)多数动词直接加s: runs gets likes collets takes plays climbs.(2)结尾是s, x, sh, ch, o,前为辅音字母, 结尾加es : watches teaches goes does washes crosses mixes brushes(3)动词末尾y前为辅音:将y改为i加es: studystudies flyflies carrycarries crycries但在y前如果为元音则直接加s: buys says 四时间标志：always , usually , often , sometimes ,every 一般过去时一意义:表示过去某个时间发生的事情或存在的状态. 常与一般过去时态连用的时间有：yesterday, yesterday morning (afternoon, evening) last night (week, month, year),a moment ago , a week ago, three years ago just now, 二构成及变化1. Be动词在一般过去时中的变化： am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasnt） are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=werent） 带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。 2.行为动词在一般过去时中的变化 肯定句 ： 主语 + 动词的过去式 . I watched a film last Sunday .否定句 ： 主语+ didnt + 动词原形. I didnt watch a film last Sunday .一般疑问句：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 ? Did you watch a film last Sunday ? Yes, I did . No , I didnt .特殊疑问句：疑问词+ 以did 开头的一般疑问句 ? What did you do last Sunday ?三. 动词过去式变化规则： 1. 规则动词的过去式(1)一般在动词原形末尾加 ed helped ，looked , played , worked , listened (2)结尾是辅音字母不发音的e，加 d lived hoped use-used like - liked tasted loved closed (3)双写末尾的字母,再加ed stop-stopped plan-planned (4)结尾是辅音字母+y , 先变“y”为“i”,再加ed study-studied carry -carried cry - cried try-tried2. 动词过去式的读音规则(1)在轻辅音后加ed读轻辅音/t/ asked cooked worked looked talked pickedwatched passed jumped helped surfed (2)在浊辅音及元音后加ed读浊辅音/d/ lived listened closed opened stayed watered played (3)在/t/ /d/ 之后读 /id/ started wanted needed tasted collected 3. 不规则动词过去式： am,is-was, are-were, do-did, go-went,see-saw, say-said, give-gave, swim-swam, sit-sat get-got, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, read-read, make-made, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank,fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, find-found tell-told stand-stood think-thought buy-bought teach-taught 一般将来时一.意义: 表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或重复发生的动作，常与表示将来的时间状语连用。如：tomorrow , soon ,next Monday , next year , next weekend , this afternoon , this evening 二. 构成及变化一般将来时常用的两种结构 be going to+动词原形 : 表示打算、准备做的事或即将发生或肯定要发生的事。shallwill+动词原形 : 表示将要发生的动作或情况，没有太多的计划性, 还用来表示意愿1. be going to +动词原形1.肯定句 主语+ be(am /,is,/ are) going to +动词原形+其它成份My sister is going to learn English next year. 我姐姐准备明年学英语。2.否定句 主语+be（am / is / are）not going to +动词原形 +其它成份I am not going to（go to）the cinema tonight. 我今天晚上不打算去看电影。3.一般疑问句 Be (am / is / are)+主语+going to+动词原型+其它成份?Is your father going to play basketball with you ?No , he isnt.你父亲打算和你去打篮球吗?不。4.特殊疑问句特殊疑问词(Wh-)+一般疑问句 ?Where are you going to spend Spring Fesital.? 春节你打算在哪过？5.注意: be going to 结构后面习惯上不跟 go ， come 等表位移的动词，一般用该动词的进行时形式表示。如: Hes going to New York next week.下周他要去纽约.2. will /shall +动词原形 （在书面语中，主语是第一人称时，常用shall ,在口语中，所有人称都可以用will）1.肯定句 主语+will/shall+动词原形+其它成份I (shall) write to him next week. 下周我将给他写信。2.否定句 主语 + will /shall+ not + 动词原形 +其它成份 They wont watch TV this evening.今天晚上他们不看电视。3.一般疑问句 will/shall+主语 +动词原形+其它成份Will you stay at home with us tomorrow ？ 明天你和我们呆在家里好吗？4.特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词(Wh-) +一般疑问句When will your father be back? 你爸爸什么时侯回来？附 : Shall I /we 常用来