江苏省泗阳中学高三英语 “艺体类”专项复习：阅读专题十.doc

江苏省泗阳中学2013届高三“艺体类”专项复习：阅读专题十教学素材：in bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the childs acquisition (学会) of each new skill m the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. it is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child. this might happen at any stage. a baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. on the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself. parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children. some may be especially strict in money matters. others are severe (严格的) over time of coming home at night or punctuality for meals. in general, the controls represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the childs own happiness. as regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching. to forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality (道德). also, parents should realize that example is better than precept. if they are not sincere and do not practice what they preach (说教), their children may grow confused when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled. a sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parents principles and their morals can be a dangerous disappointment.1. eagerly watching the childs acquisition of new skills, _. a. should be avoided b. is universal among parents c. sets up dangerous states of worry in the child d. will make the child lose interest in learning new things2. in the process of childrens learning new skills, parents _. a. should encourage them to read before they know the meaning of the words they read b. should expect a lot of the children c. should achieve a balance between pushing them too hard and leaving them on their own d. should create as many learning opportunities as possible3. the second paragraph mainly tells us that _. a. parents should be strict with their children b. parental controls reflect only the values of the community c. parental restrictions vary, and are not always for the benefit of the children alone d. its parents and societys duty to control the children4. the word “precept” in paragraph 3 probably means “_”. a. opinion b. punishment c. behavior d. instruction5. in terms of moral matters, parents should _. a. follow the rules themselves b. be aware of the huge difference between adults and children c. forbid their children to follow hook teachings d. always ensure the security of their children教学步骤：（一）例题感悟 在孩子成长过程中，父母不能拔苗助长。父母对孩子的“严”与“松”之间应有一个恰当的度。关于道德教育问题，父母应该以身作则，带头遵循,“榜样比说教更有力”。（二）解题分析与学法指导 1b 推理判断题。根据文章第一自然段开头in bringing up children，every parent watches eagerly the childs acquisition of each new skill，既然是每位父母都会这样做，那么这种做法在父母中就是普遍的，故选b。根据文章第一自然段第二句，选项c。sets up dangerous states of worry in the child是由hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate引起的，“迫不及待地要求孩子做超出其自然成长速度的事情”和“热切地观察孩子学会每一项新技能”显然不是一回事，作者对后者没有否定之意，所以a不对。根据文章第一自然段末句，选项取d。will make him lose interest in learning new things是由a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities引起的。故d也不合文意。2c 推理判断题。文章第一自然段第二句it is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate，but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child，说明在孩子成长过程中，父母不能拔苗助长。文章第一段末句又说：on the other hand，though，if a child is left alone too much，or without any learning opportunities，he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself，说明对孩子太放任自流同样不利。根据这两方面，应选c，父母对孩子的“严”与“松”之间应有一个恰当的度。3c 主旨大意题。文章第二自然段的大意是:“父母对孩子的严格程度有很大的不同”。4d 词义推测题四个选项的意思分别是：a. opinion (观点)；b. punishment(惩罚)；c. bebaviour(行为)；dinstruction(说教，源于instruct)。根据文章第三段第三，四句also，parents should realize that “example is better than precept”if they are not sincere and do not practice what they preach(说教)可以推测，precept应表达与example对立的意思，且与preach是同义词，引语的意思是“榜样比说教更有力”，故选项d为最佳选项。5a 推理判断题根据文章第三自然段第四句，再根据文章最后一段，可以得出结论，关于道德教育问题，父母应该以身作则，带头遵循，(参见上一小题之解析)，故选a。（三）基础与巩固训练 self-employed private physicians who charge a fee for each patient visit are the foundation of medical practice in the united states. most physicians have a contract relationship with one or more hospitals in the community. they send their patients to this hospital, which usually charges patients according to the number of days they stay and the facilities(operating room, tests, medicines that they use). some hospitals belong to a city, a state or, in the case of veterans hospitals, a federal government agency. others are operated by religious orders(教会) or other non-profit groups.some medical doctors are on salary. salaried physicians may work as hospital staff members, or residents, who are often still in training. they may teach in medical schools, be hired by corporations to care for their workers or work for the federal governments public health service.physicians are among the best paid professionals in the united states. in the 1980s, it was not uncommon for medical doctors to earn incomes of more than $ 100 000 a year. specialists, particularly surgeons, might earn several times that amount. physicians list many reasons why they deserve to be so well rewarded for their work. one reason is the long and expensive preparation required to become a physician in the united states. most would be physicians first attend college for four years, which can cost nearly $ 20 000 a year at one of the best private institutions. prospective physicians then attend medical school for four years. tuition alone can exceed $ 10 000 a year. by the time they have obtained their medical degrees, many young physicians are deeply in debt. they still face three to five years of residency(实习阶段) in a hospital, the first year as an apprentice physician. the hours are long and the pay is relatively low.setting up a medical practice is expensive, too. sometimes several physicians will decide to establish a group practice, so they can share the expense of maintaining an office and buying equipment. these physicians also take care of each others patients in emergencies.physicians work long hours and must accept a great deal of responsibility. many medical procedures, even quite routine ones, involve risk. it is understandable that physicians want to be well rewarded for making decisions which can mean the difference between life and death.1. according to the passage, it is very unlikely that an american hospital is owned by _. a. a churchb. a corporationc. a cityd. a state2. the expenses for becoming a doctor are spent on _.a. schooling and retrainingb. practice in a hospitalc. facilities he or she usesd. education he or she receives3. according to the passage, how long does it take for a would-be physician to become an independent physician in the usa?a. about seven years.b. eight years. c. ten years.d. about twelve years.4. sometimes several physicians set up a group medical practice mainly because _.a. there are so many patients that it is difficult for one physician to take care all of themb. they can take turns to work long hoursc. facilities may be too much of a burden for one physician to shoulderd. no one wants to assume too much responsibility5. whi