mold---七年级下册12单元.doc

Unit 12 Dont eat in the class一、祈使句：1. 表示命令、请求、劝告、建议。称呼用逗号隔开，放在句首或句末Please buy some bananas for me, Mum.please可放在句首(其后不加逗号) please也可放在句末(前面加逗号)Look at the blackboard, please.2. 肯定祈使句：Do型（以行为动词原形开头） Open the door, pleaseBe型（以系动词原形开头） Be quiet, please.Let型（let+宾格+行为动词原形） Please let me go there.3. 否定祈使句：Do型和Be型的否定祈使句： 在动词前加Dont或never。Dont swim in the river.Never be late next time.Let型的两种否定祈使句：Dont let+第三人称宾格+动词原形Dont let them play with fire.Let +第一人称宾格+not+动词原形Let us have a try.No doing/名词：用于警号 No smoking! No photos!4. 主语：一般为第二人称（或省略）Dont eat in the class.第一人称：Let+第一人称宾格+(not) do sth.Lets not eat in the class.第三人称：let sb. do sth. (不)让某人做某事Dont let sb. do sth.Let him come to my office.5. let引导的祈使句的反义疑问句：Lets用shall we?(可以吗？)Lets go to the park, shall we?(Lets包括说话对方在内)Let us用will you?（你愿意吗？）Let us go to the park, will you?(Let us不包括说话对方在内)二、 fight (fought) 打架、争吵（动词）fight with sb. 与某人打架Did you fight with your brother again?fight for sth. 为而战The children are fighting for playing soccer.打架、争吵（名词）They had a big fight yesterday.The fight lasted a long time.三、outside-inside(be in)外面的、外部的（形容词）The outside walls are wet.外部、外边（名词）The outside of the house needs painting.向外，在外（介词）Outside the house, there is a new car.He parked his car outside the theatre.四、else与other,均表示“别的,其它的” 在句中的位置不同else常放在疑问词、不定代词之后Who else is there in the house?Ask somebody else to help you.放在所修饰的名词之前Do you have any other questions?We learn Chinese, English, math and other subjects in school.五、have to 与 needhave to客观条件限制不得去做Its too late. I have to go home.有时态与人称变化has to/ had toHe has no money with him, so he has to borrow some money to buy it.not have to=neednt 不必You dont have to go there now.You neednt go there now.must 说话人的主观看法，认为有必要或有义务去做某事（无时态或人称变化）You must be polite to your teacher.六、too many / too much / much tootoo many 太多(后跟可数名词复数)There are too many rules in my house.too much 太多(后跟不可数名词)There is too much water on the floor.much too 太（后常跟形容词）其中much用于增强too的语气。I am much too busy today.七、介词byby乘、经(后跟单数交通工具,无冠词) I go to school by bike every day.by 由、被(引出动作的发出者) The child was saved by a woman. That is a popular music by Jay Chou.by 用某种手段或方式 He studies English by listening to English songsby 经过 You will walk by a hotel to here.by 在旁边 He sits by the window.by/till/until在之前by某瞬间动作发生在某时间点之前You must be back by ten oclock at night.till/until 某持续行为或状态延续到某时间You should stay here until noon.八、help用法help sb. (to) do sth.帮某人做某事She helped me to carry the box.help sb. with sth. 帮某人做某事The Englishman helps me with my English.help oneself to sth. 随便吃Please help yourself to some chicken.九、loud/aloud/loudlyloud响亮地(副词)，侧重人的声音大修饰动词speak, talk, laughDont speak so loud in the classroom.响亮的(形容词)He has a loud voice.aloud 响亮地(副词),侧重于喧闹 aloud= loud(副词)修饰动词speak, talk, laugh, ring, knockSuddenly the bell on the wall rang loudlyaloud出声地(副词)强调声音能被听见常与read, call等动词连用Please read the article aloud.十、形容词与副词：1. 形容词修饰名词（名词之前）