全国小学生英语能力竞赛(低年级)07-代词.doc

第七讲 代词一 定义：代词是代替名词以及起名词作用的短语、分句和句子的词。二 代词的种类：1. 人称代词主格I , you, he, she, it, we, you, they宾格me, you, him, her, it, us, you , them 2. 物主代词：形容词性的物主代词my, your, his , her, its, our, your ,their 名词性的物主代词mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, yours, theirs3. 反身代词myself, herself, themselves 4. 相互代词有：each other, one another 5. 提示代词有：this , that , these , those , those 6. 疑问代词who, what, whose 7. 关系代词which, that, who 8. 连接代词what, who, whose9. 不定代词没有指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词 all, each, both, either, neither, one, any10. 指示代词that, this ,these, those三 代词的使用方法1. 人称代词是表示我、你、他、她、它、我们、你们、他们的词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化。物主代词表示所有关系的代词，也可叫做代词所有格。物主代词分形容性物主代词和名词性物主代词二种。表示我自己、你自己、他自己、我们自己、你们自己和他们自己等的代词，叫做自身代词，也称为反身代词。详件见下表： 人称代词物主代词反身代词主格宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词第一人称单数Imemy minemyself复数weusouroursourselves第二人称单数youyouyouryoursyourself复数youyouyouryoursyourselves第三人称单数hehimhishishimselfsheherherhersherselfitititsitsitself复数theythemtheirtheirsthemselves句法功能作主语,其中she指带代国家,it可指代天气时间等。作宾语介词宾语表语作定语作主语,宾语,介词宾语,表语书信Yours作宾语,介词宾语,表语主语同为语根据上表的例句如下：She doesnt believe us.When he arrived, John went straight to the bank.Youll find your books among mine on the bookshelf.-Who is it? -Its me.Our room is on the first floor, and theirs is on the second.They think too much of themselves.A week later, I myself had to go to Paris.Help yourself!We cook for ourselves.I saw her with them, at least, I thought it was her.The cap is Jacks.注意：在连续使用两个以上人称代词时，通常单数you放在第一位， I 放在最后；复数we放在第一位，they放在最后。简单记成：单数2,3,1，复数1,2,3 。都是三人称，女后男在先。例如：You and I can help each other.They couldnt have seen Tom and me there.You, Tom and I are leaving next month.You or they must pass the exam.We, you and they should go there together.2. 疑问代词(who, whom, which, what, whose) 用来构成疑问句，在句中可以起名词词组作用。指人： who, whom, whose指物： what既可指人又可指物： whichwho与whom. (whom是who的宾格)Who told you the truth? Whom are you talking with?whose, which, what(在非限定的数量中选择用what,在限定的数量中选择which)Whose book is this?What was the directional flow of U. S. territorial expansion?Which book you like better, the English book or the Chinese book?What are you reading now?Whats your father?Whose books are these on the desk?注意：疑问代词用于对介词宾语提问时，过去的文体中介词和疑问代词通常一起放在句首，现代英语中，疑问代词在句首，介词在句未。For what do most students study? What are you looking for?3. 指示代词this, these, that , those被用作名词中心词的修饰语时属于限定词，而单独用来代替名词词组时是代词。This is the bus we want. Put these in your bag.My idea is this. How do you think of this idea?注意：that和those有时用来代表前面提到的名词，以避免重复。The best coal is that from Newcastle.Those who wish to go may sign up here.4. 不定代词用法辨析neithernor 没有也没有either or 不是就是both两者都one the other 两个中的一个,另一个another 再一个,又一个every 作定语,每一个. (可以形成合成词 everybody everything)each每一个,一个个的加以考虑时用.代词专项练习一、写出下列所给的形容词性物主代词的名词性物主的代词。1. my_ 2. your_ 3. our_ 4. her_5. their _6. his _ 7. its_二、写出下列人称代词的宾格形式。1. I _ . 2. she_ 3. he _ 4. you _5. we _ 6. they _ 7. it _三填入合适的物主代词。1. Kim is an English girl._ eyes are blue.2. A chicken has two legs. _ legs are short.3. Are these _ pictures? Yes, they are my pictures.4. We are pupils. _ books are new.5. The shoes are new. I like _.6. Lindas father is a postman, _ bike is green.7. That is my pen. Give _ to _, please.8. Give this book to Tom, please. Give _ that one, too.9. Kate wants a toy panda. Could you give _ one.10. Jim is an American boy. _ father is Mr. Brown.11. You must do _ homework by yourself.12. Jim is a pupil._ father is a teacher.四选择正确答案：1. Mr. Green is our English teacher. _comes from U. S. A.A. heB. sheC. itD. they2. My bike is broken. May I borrow_?A. youB. yourselfC. yoursD. your3. Would you like some tea? Yes, just_-.A. a fewB. fewC. a littleD. little bit4. I bought _ exercise books with _ money.A. a few, a fewB. a few, a littleC. a little, a fewD. a little, a little5. I made the cake by _. Help _, Tom.A. ourselves, yourselfB. myself, yourselfC. myself, youD. me, him6. Enjoy_, May and Mary.A. yourselfB. myselfC. yourselvesD. themselves7. _ house is this? Its mine.A. WhatB. WhoC. WhoseD. Whose8. She is a student and _ name is Mary.A. sheB. herC. hersD. his9. _ is he? He is a bus driver.A. who B. whichC. thatD. what10. Could you give me some ink? Sorry, I have_ in my bottle.A. a fewB. fewC. a littleD. little11. He has _ to tell us.A. something importantB. important somethingC. anything useful D. useful nothing12. Would you like _ coffee? Yes, Id like _.A. any, anyB. some, someC. some,