【步步为“赢”导学案】英语人教版八年级下Unit-1.doc

八年级上人教学案UNIT 1 Will people have robots?【漫步课堂】【教材精析】SECTION A1. Do you think there will be robots in peoples homes? 你认为人们家里将会有机器人吗？ (教材P2)【解析1】这是一个含有宾语从句的主从复合句。Do you think为主句，there will be.是省略了连接词that的宾语从句，从句要用陈述语序。【解析2】there will be是There be句型的一般将来时，意为“将会有”。There will be a football match in Bird Nest this Sunday.周日在鸟巢将有一场足球比赛。There wont be Kung Fu Panda 2 in the cinema tomorrow.明天在这家电影院不会上映功夫熊猫2。Will there be more trees in the future?将来会有更多的树吗？Yes, there will./No, there wont.是的，会有。/不，不会。There be 句型的时态变化：一般现在时：There is/are.一般过去时：There was/were.一般将来时：There will is/are going to be.2. Everything will be free.一切事物都将是免费的。【解析1】everything不定代词，意为“每件事物”。作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；当被形容词修饰时，形容词需后置。Everything is ready for the trip.旅行的一切都准备好了。The doctors tried everything possible to save his life.医生使用一切可能的方法来挽救他的生命。【中考链接】Have you brought with you? We wont have time to come back.Dont worry. All the things we need are here, in this big bag.（广州）A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything解析 D。题意：“你把所有的东西都随身携带了吗？我们没有时间再回来了。”“不用担心。我们需要的所有东西都在这个大包里。”something用于肯定句，意为“一些东西”；nothing表示否定；anything用于否定句和一般疑问句，意为“一些东西”；everything意为“每件事物”。【解析2】free形容词，意为“免费的”。I have two free tickets for tonights movie. 我有两张今晚的免费电影票。拓展free形容词,意为“空闲的；自由的”。助记. 图解free的一词多义（见右图）：【中考链接】How much money did you pay for the drink?None. It was .（江苏扬州）A. easy B. free C. cheap D. expensive解析B。题意：“这些饮料你花了多少钱？”“没有花钱，是免费的。”free“免费的”;easy“简单的”；cheap“便宜的”；expensive“贵的”。3.People will live to be 200 years old .人们将会活到200岁。(教材P2)【解析】“live to be+基数词+years old”意为“活到岁”。Do you know how to live to be 150 years old? 你知道怎样活到150岁吗？拓展live动词，意为“活；生活；居住”。 注意 live形容词，表示“(动/植物)活着的；有生命的；实况播送的”，置于名词前。We saw a real live tiger in the zoo!我们在动物园看到一只活生生的老虎！4.Will people use money in 100 years? 100年后人们将还使用钱吗？(教材P2)【解析】in介词，意为“在之后”。“in+一段时间”意为“多久之后”，表示以现在为起点的一段时间以后，常用于一般将来时的句子中。We will be back in an hour.一小时后我们会回来。How soon will you come back home?你多久回家？In half an hour.半小时后。【注意】对“in+一段时间”提问时，用how soon，意为“多久”。拓展 after介词，意为“在之后”。【妙辨异同】in, afterin“in+一段时间”表示“从现在算起的一段时间以后”，也可以表示“在将来多长时间之内”，常与一般将来时连用。after“after+一段时间”，以过去时间点为起点，表示“过去一段时间以后”，常与一般过去时连用。My uncle will come back from New York in three days.我叔叔将在3天后从纽约回来。Tom started on Sunday and arrived in Lhasa after four days.汤姆在周日出发,4天后到达了拉萨。注意“after+具体时刻/具体事件”表示在某一具体时间点或某一具体事件以后，可以与一般将来时或一般过去时连用。 I will come back after three oclock this afternoon.我将在今天下午3点以后回来。Lucy watched TV after she finished her homework yesterday.昨天，露西做完家庭作业之后看电视了。5.There will be more/less/fewer people.将会有更多/更少/更少的人。(教材P3)【解析】more是many和much的比较级，意为“更多的”。less和fewer分别是little和few的比较级，意为“较少的；更少的”。I want to have more friends and money.我想拥有更多的朋友和金钱。If you dont want to get fat, you have to eat less junk food.如果你不想发胖，你得少吃垃圾食品。I think there will be fewer cars in the future.我认为将来小汽车会更少。妙辨异同 more, less, fewer意义原 级最高级用 法more更多的many/muchmost修饰可数名词复数/不可数名词less更少的littleleast修饰不可数名词fewer更少的fewfewest修饰可数名词复数 助记 图解less, fewer:【中考链接】 scienic attitude is needed in developing our city.I agree with you. In this way, we can make mistakes.（2011四川成都）A. Fewer; less B. Less; more C. More; fewer解析C。题意：“在发展我们城市的过程中需要更严谨的科学态度。”“我同意你的观点。这样一来，我们就能少犯错误。”attitude为不可数名词，用much修饰，根据题意此处用比较级形式，故用more；mistakes为可数名词复数，应用few修饰，根据题意此处用比较级形式，故用fewer。6.Well, I dont agree.噢，我不同意。 (教材P3)【解析】agree 动词，意为“同意；赞同；取得一致意见”。其过去式为agreed，反义词是disagree。They will never agree.他们永远不会取得一致意见。妙辨异同 agree with, agree toagree with“同意；赞同”，后接人或表示意见、看法的词。agree to“同意；赞同”，后接表示建议、计划、安排之类的词。I quite agree with you.我很同意你（的意见）。Tom agreed to our plan about the holiday.汤姆同意了我们度假的计划。二、 即学即练I.单项选择。1. Hurry up! The train in 10 minutes. A. leave B. will leave C. leaves D. left2. Will there be cars and pollution in the future? No, I dont think so. A. more; fewer B. fewer; lessC. less; less D. less; fewer3. There an English Speech Contest in our school next week. A. is B. has C. will have D. will be4. Will there be more electric cars in the future? Yes, . A. there will B. there wont C. there is D. there are5. Make sure you got the tickets, the guidebooks and before you leave.A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing【语法专项】一般将来时1. 概念：一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作。常与tomorrow, in the future, next week/year等表示将来的时间状语连用。Lucy will come back from Shanghai tomorrow afternoon.露西明天下午从上海回来。We will come to see you next Sunday.我们将在下周日来看你。2. 构成：一般将来时的构成We will/shall visit the Summer Palace.我们将要去参观颐和园。The boys wont play football tomorrow.男孩子们明天将不踢足球。Will the students go to school in the future? 将来学生们还会去上学吗？注意 will用于各种人称，shall常用于第一人称。 “will+动词原形”与“be going to+动词原形”的区别：“will+动词原形”表示单纯意义“将来要/会”，没有计划性。“be going to+动词原形”表示“将要发生；计划/打算/决定要”。 英语中表示位置转移的动词，如leave, come, go等，它们的现在进行时可以表示即将发生的动作。Im leaving this afternoon.今天下午我就要走了。【中考链接】Chen Guangbiao says he all his money to charities when he dies.（2011山东临沂）A. leaves B. left C. will leave D. would leave解析C。 题意：陈光标说他死后会把所有的钱捐给慈善结构。由时间状语when he dies可知，“捐献所有的钱”是将来要发生的事，所以应该用将来时，又因为主句是一般现在时，所以从句用一般将来时。二、 即学即练I.单项选择。1. Mr Green went to see his family in Shanghai yesterday. He back in 5 days.A. is B. was C. is being D. will be2. There a football match on TV this evening.A. will have B. is going to be C. has D. is going to have3. Will people live to be 500 years old? . People cant live so long.A. Yes, they do B. No, they dontC. Yes, they will D. No, they wont4. Your room is so dirty. Why not clean it?OK. I it in a minute.A. will clean B. clean C. cleaned D. am cleaning5. Whats your plan for the coming vacation?I for Hong Kong to see my grandpa.A. leave B. leaving C. am leaving D. leftSECTION B【教材精析】1. fly动词，意为“飞行”。(教材P5)I hope to fly to the moon some day.我希望将来有一天飞往月球。拓展 fly作动词，意为“放（风筝等）”；作名词时，意为“苍蝇”。注意 fly的过去式是flew,现在分词是flying,第三人称单数为flies。Children are flying kites in the park.孩子们正在公园里放风筝。2.Ill live in Shanghai, because I went to Shanghai last year and fell in love with it.我将住在上海，因为去年我去了上海并且爱上了它。【解析】fall in love with意为“爱上（某人或某物）”。Lucy fell in love with this kind of iPad.露西喜欢上了这款苹果平板电脑。拓展fall作动词，意为“落下；跌落”；作名词，意为“秋季”。其搭配有：She soon fell behind the other students.她很快落在其他同学后面。 Leaves fall off the trees in fall.秋天，树叶从树上落下。3. I think Ill live in an apartment with my best friends, because I dont like living alone.我想我将会和我最好的朋友们住在一所公寓里，因为我不喜欢独居。【解析】alone 副词，意为“单独地；孤独地”。He came alone.他独自一人来了。拓展alone也可作形容词，意为“独自的；单独的”，在句中常用作表语。I was alone in the classroom.我独自一人在教室里。联想 lonely形容词，意为“孤独的；寂寞的”。一言辨异 I didnt feel lonely though I was alone.我虽孤身一人,但并不感到寂寞。alone只表示“独自”的客观状态,没有感情色彩;lonely可表示人“孤独的；寂寞的”，有较浓的感情色彩。4.I might even keep a pet parrot! 我甚至可能养一只宠物鹦鹉！【解析1】might情态动词，意为“可能；也许；可以”。它是may的过去式，表示推测或许可，语气较弱。Im afraid it might rain today.恐怕今天要下雨。He said that I might borrow his book.他说我可以借他的书。【解析2】even副词，意为“甚至”，在句中用来加强语气。常修饰形容词或副词的比较级形式，表示程度。Tom never even opened the letter.汤姆甚至都没把信打开。Shes even cleverer than her sister.她甚至比她姐姐还聪明。【解析3】keep动词，意为“饲养（宠物、家畜等）”。其过去式是kept。They keep cows on their farm. 他们在农场里养奶牛。5. On the weekend, Ill be able to dress more casually.周末的时候，我会穿得更随意一些。【解析1】be able to do sth.意为“有能力做某事；会做某事”，后接动词原形。She is able to answer the question.她能回答这个问题。妙辨异同 be able to, canbe able to意为“能够”，强调能力，有时态、人称和数的变化，可用于各种时态，不与can连用。can意为“能；会”，无人称和数的变化，只有一般现在式和一般过去式两种形式。If I dont do this, I wont be able to sleep tonight! 如果不这样做的话，今晚我会睡不着的！Can you finish the work on time?你能按时完成这项工作吗？注意用在否定句或疑问句中表示推测时，只能用can,而不能用be able to。That cant be Mary because she is in Beijing now.那不可能是玛丽，因为她现在在北京。【解析2】dress动词，意为“给穿衣”。The mother is dressing her baby.母亲正在为婴儿穿衣服。 妙辨异同dress, put on, wear, be indress意为“给穿衣”，表示动作或状态，只能跟表示人的名词、代词或反身代词作宾语，不能跟服装。put on意为“穿上；戴上”，强调动作，其后通常接衣服、鞋帽等作宾语。wear意为“穿着；戴着”，强调穿的状态，其宾语可以是衣帽，也可以是饰物、奖章、眼镜、头发、胡须等。be in表示穿的状态，后常跟颜色或衣服，由它所构成的短语只能作定语或表语。 Hes getting dressed.The girl cant dress herself.Hes dressed in grey.Hes putting on his coat.Her mother is dressing her.Hes wearing a grey coat 即学即练.从方框中选择恰当的词或短语，并用其正确形式填空。fly ，can ，wear ，be able to， put on1. Its a pity Lily wont come to the school party.2. Time ! Well leave school soon.3. your coat. Its cold outside.4. I my new dress tomorrow.5. Mary, you speak Chinese? Yes, only a little. 单项选择。1. I Jay Chou when I listened to his songs for the first time.A. fell in love with B. was interested with C. got on well with D. caught up with2. The old man lives in the house , but he doesnt feel . A. lonely; lonely B. alone; alone C. lonely; alone D. alone; lonely3. My father knows less about the robot than I do.A. more B. even C. so D. any4. The boy isnt old enough to himself.A. wear B. dress C. put on D. be in5. The workers will finish the new school next month in Fudao, Japan. A. can B. may C. must D. be able toSELFCHECK【教材精析】1.Predicting the future can be difficult.预言未来可能是困难的。【解析1】predicting the future是动名词短语，在句中作主语。动名词(短语)在句中还可以作表语、宾语、定语等。动名词(短语)作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。Reading is an art.读书是一门艺术。【解析2】predict 动词，意为“预言；预测”，其后可以跟名词、代词或从句。It is impossible to predict what will happen.预知未来的事是不可能的。The scientist predicted that an earthquake was coming.科学家预测将会发生地震。 拓展prediction 名词，意为“预言；预测”。2. There are many famous predictions that never came true.有许多著名的预言从未成为现实。【解析】come true意为“（希望等）实现；达到”。My dream came true finally.我的梦想终于实现了。These predictions will come true sooner or later.这些预言迟早会实现。拓展come的搭配：This newspaper comes out once a week.这份报纸每周出版一次。Tom came across this book in a bookshop.汤姆在一家书店发现了这本书。3.Before 1929, there was no sound in movies.1929年以前，影片中没有声音。【解析】sound名词，意为“声音”。Light travels faster than sound.光比声音传播得快。拓展 sound还可作系动词，意为“听起来”，其后跟形容词作表语。The music sounds very beautiful.这音乐听起来很美。4.The head of one of the biggest movie companies in the United States predicted that no one would want to see actors talk.美国最大的电影公司之一的老板预言，没有人想要看到演员们交谈。【解析】no one意为“没有人”，与nobody同义。There is no one/nobody in the classroom at the moment.现在教室里没有人。拓展 none 不定代词，意为“没有一个（人或物）”。妙辨异同 no one, noneno one只能指人，不能与介词of连用，作主语时谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。一般用来回答who及含有anyone, anybody的问句。none既可以指人，又可以指物，能与介词of连用，既可修饰可数名词复数，也可修饰不可数名词。接可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用单、复数形式均可；若与不可数名词连用，谓语动词只可用单数形式。一般用来回答how many/much引导的问句。No one wants to go there.没有人想去那里。None of these pens work/works.这些钢笔一支也不能用。How many students are there in the classroom? . They are all on the playground.（安徽芜湖）A. No one B. None C. Nobody D. Everyone解析B。题意：“教室里有多少名学生？”“一名也没有。他们都在操场上。”由答语可知，教室里没有学生，故空格处用否定形式。none常用来回答how many和how much引导的问句，符合题意。no one相当于nobody，常用来回答who引导的问句。二、 即学即练I.单项选择。1. His dream to be a singer will if he works hard.A. come true B. come across C. come out D. come on2. I tried several jackets on, but of them looked good.A. both B. either C. no one D. none3. Talking loudly on a mobile phone in public impolite.A. is B. are C. am D. seem4.At the foot of the hill you could hear nothing but the of the running water.A. shout B. noise C. voice D. sound 5. shirt do you like better, the white one or the blue one? I think the blue one is better. A. Who B.Which C. What D. WhoseREADING【教材精析】1.Some scientists believe that there will be such robots in the future.一些科学家相信未来将会有这样的机器人。【解析】such形容词，意为“这样的；这种”，常用于修饰名词。拓展 so是副词，可以表示程度，意为“如此；这样”，常用来修饰形容词或副词。Im so glad to hear from my friend.收到朋友的来信我很高兴。 注意 so在修饰单数名词且名词前有形容词时，形容词的位置与such结构中形容词的位置不同。It is such a hot day.=It is so hot a day.天好热。如果名词被表示“多少”意义的many,much,few,little等词修饰时，只能用so,不用such。I can say so few words.我几乎一句话也说不出来。2.However, they agree it may take hundreds of years.然而，他们也都同意这可能还需要数百年的时间。【解析1】该句是含有宾语从句的复合句。they agree为主句， it may take.作agree的宾语，为宾语从句。【解析2】hundreds ofWT意为“大量的；许多的”,其前不能用具体的数字修饰，其后应跟名词复数形式。Hundreds of people died in that accident.在那次事故中有数百人丧生。注意 hundred（百）,thousand（千），million（百万），billion（十亿）等数词前，若前面有具体的数字时，其后不加s,不和介词of连用。若表示概数，前面没有具体数字修饰时，其后要加s,且与介词of连用。The new hotel has over five hundred bedrooms.这家新旅馆共有500多个房间。There are over students in their school.（2011四川泸州）A. hundreds B. nine hundredsC. hundreds of D. nine hundred解析D。题意：在他们学校有九百多名学生。hundred等表达确切数目，其前有数词修饰时，后面不加s,且不与of连用。3. Scientists are now trying to make robots look like people and do the same things as us.科学家们正在努力使机器人看起来像人，并且与我们做同样的事情。【解析1】try to do sth.意为“尽力做某事；设法做某事”。The boy tried to draw a horse.那个男孩设法画一匹马。联想 try doing sth. 尝试着做某事 try ones best to do sth. 竭尽全力做某事【解析2】make意为“使”，为使役动词，常用结构是“make+宾语+省略to的动词不定式”。 Dont make me do this or that.不要让我做这做那的。拓展 make的其他用法：If you see the cartoon film, it will make you .（2011山东）A. laughB. to laughC. laughing D. laughed解析A。题意：如果你看这部卡通电影，它将使你大笑。made sb. do sth意为“使某人做某事”，在使役动词make等后接动词不定式作补语时，要省略动词不定式符号to。4. Japanese companies have already made robots walk and dance.日本的公司已经可以使机器人行走和跳舞了。【解析1】本句中have made是现在完成时的结构。现在完成时态的结构形式为：have/has+动词的过去分词。【解析2】already副词，意为“已经”，常用于完成时态中，且多用于肯定陈述句。We have already finished the work.我们已经完成了这项工作。I have had lunch already.我已经吃过午饭了。妙辨异同 already, yetalready一般用于肯定句，用于否定句和疑问句时表示“惊喜”、“意外”的意思。yet一般用于否定句和疑问句，谈论预期发生的事情。Tom has already left.汤姆已经离开了。Has he finished the work yet? 他已经完成那项工作了吗？My e-mail to you last night. Have you received it ?（巴中）A. sent; yet B. is sent; already C. was sent; yet解析C。题意：我的电子邮件昨晚发给你了。你收到了吗？e-mail和send之间是动宾关系，且事情发生在过去，故用was sent。already “已经”，常用于肯定句中；yet“已经”，常用于否定句和疑问句中。故选C。5. He thinks that it will be difficult for a robot to do the same things as a person. 他认为，对机器人来说，与人做同样的事情很难。 【解析】it在宾语从句中作形式主语，从句的真正主语是to do the same things as a person。It+ be+ 形容词 +for sb. to do sth.为固定句型，意为“对某人来说，做某事”。英语中，当动词不定式作主语时，常用it作为形式主语。It will be interesting for you to do such things.对你来说，做这样的事情将很有趣。拓展 此结构中sb.前用of和用for的区别：Its kind of you to do that.(=You are kind to do that.)你那样做真是太好了。It was very difficult for him to finish the work on time.(=To finish the work on time was difficult for him.)对他来说，按时完成这项工作很难。Its impolite others.（2011广东清远）A. laughs at B. to laugh at C. laugh at D. laughing at解析B。 题意：嘲笑别人是不礼貌的。动词不定式短语作主语时，经常用it作形式主语。6. That may not seem possible now, but computers, space rockets and even electric toothbrushes seemed impossible a hundred years ago.现在看来或许不太可能，但在100年之前，电脑、太空火箭，甚至是电动牙刷似乎也是不可能的。【解析1】seem系动词，意为“像是；似乎”，其后常接形容词作表语。Everything seems so easy.一切似乎都很容易。Her mother seems very happy at the news.她母亲听到这消息后似乎很高兴。 拓展 seem的用法： Look! There is a horse racing program on TV now.Hmm. It exciting.（2011山东青岛）A. seems B. looks like C. Feels D. seems like解析A。题意：“看！电视里正在播放赛马节目。”“哦，似乎挺精彩。”seem“似乎”，系动词，后面接形容词作表语，符合题意。feel“摸起来；感觉”，系动词，后面接形容词作表语；look like“看起来像”和seem like“仿佛似的；好像”，后面常接名词或名词短语。【解析2】possible形容词，意为“可能的”，其反义词是impossible，意为“不可能的”。Is such a thing possible? 这种事可能吗? Dont waste time on impossible things.不要把时间浪费在不可能的事情上。二、 即学即练I.单项选择。1. How many birds can you see in the trees?I can see birds in them.A. hundreds of B. five hundreds C. hundred of D. five hundreds of2. We all like her because she often makes us by telling jokes. A. laughing B. to laugh C. laugh D. laughed3. It that everyone to try new things.A. seems; loves B. seem; loveC. seems; love D. seem; loves4. Its kind you to help me my math project. A. of; at B. of; with C. for; with D. for; at5. I cant believe a little child can read many books. A. such; so B. so; such C. so; so D. such; such综合测评. 单项选择从每小题A、B、C、D中选出一个能填入句中空白处的最佳答案。1.Have you got ready for the sports meeting?Not yet. We still have to do.A. anything; nothing B. something; everythingC. everything; something D. anything; everything2.Will there be more high-speed trains in the future?Yes, . A. there will B. there wont C. there is D. there are3. When you for a holiday?I dont decide yet. Maybe tomorrow. A. do; went B. will; go C. did; go D. does; go4. Can you your little sister? Im busy now.All right. Ill do it right now. A. dress B. put on C. wear D. in5. There a concert this evening.Really? I am so glad to hear it!A. is going to have B. will have C. is going to be D. will to be6. Ted wants to be a great scientist. I think his dream will .A. come in B. come out C. come true D. come over7. There are people waiting in the airport because of the bad weather.A. hundred ofB. two hundredC. two hundredsD. two hundred of 8. It will be bad for your health to eat food and take exercise. A. fewer; more B. more; lessC. little; much D. less; less9. I predict he will be an engineer ten years because he is so interested in making things. A. in B. after C. later D. for10. can we board our plane? In twenty minutes. A. How soon B. How long C. How often D. How far. 完形填空通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的四个选项中选择最佳的一项。I think that the wor