甘肃省中考英语 考点聚焦 第38讲 完形填空（一）课件.ppt

甘肃省 英语 第38讲完形填空 一 完形填空 2014 兰州 thegrasslooksgreenerontheothersideofthefence that sanold 1 inenglish itmeansotherplacesoftenlookbetter moreinterestingthantheplace 2 youlive somepeopleworry 3 youngchinesearebeginningtofeelthatway theyseeyoungchineseignoringchinesecultureand instead 4 japanesecartoonbooks watchingkoreansoapoperasandevencelebratingwesternholidays foreignbooksandsoapoperasaregood 5 chinesewritersandactorsarejustasgood asforholidays christmasisnice butitcan 6 havethemeaningforchinesethatspringfestivalhas andthewesthasnothingtocomparewithmid autumnfestival andlet snotforgetthepartofchinesecultureilikebest 7 friendliness notallcountriesareas 8 aschina it sgoodtoenjoyotherculturesandtolearn 9 them buttheycannotreplaceyourownculture it sgoodtolookontheothersideofthefence but 10 youtakeagoodlonglook youwillfindthatthegrassisn talwaysgreenerontheothersideofthefence 1 a sayingb wordsc voiced talk 2 a whyb whenc whered how 3 a ifb thatc whatd whether 4 a buyb refusingc refusedd buying 5 a butb soc ord because 6 a alwaysb everc stilld never 7 a itb theyc itsd their 8 a warmerb warmc coldd colder 9 a fromb withc tod over 10 a makeupb makesurec makeupofd besureto a c b d a d c b a b 完形填空 题是一种旨在考查学生语法和词汇知识综合运用能力的典型题型 它结合了单项选择题和短文填空的优点 既考查词语搭配 近义词辨析 动词时态 句型结构 复合句的关联和习惯用语等 又考查了逻辑推理和事理推断能力 同学们只有具备了扎实的语言基本功 较强的阅读能力及归纳判断能力 才能较好地完成这一题型 一 完形填空 题要求填入的词 1 语法结构所要求的功能词 如连接词 连接代词 连接副词 关系词 关系代词 关系副词 等 2 具有语法变化的普通词 如动词的时态 语态 语气 名词的数 代词的格 形容词和副词的等级等 3 固定搭配短语或词组中的特定词 如副词 数词 介词等 4 同义词 近义词等易混淆词 5 根据上下文意思及结构必须填入的确定词 二 完形填空 题解题策略 1 解题前要通读全文 领悟大意 完形填空常以文章或段落的形式出现 因此 通读全文 把握文章整体大意尤为重要 很多同学为了省时间 只看选项 不看文章 不寻找文章中句子与句子之间的关系 结果做出来的答案往往是错误的 2 解题时要全面考虑 确定选项 完形填空有些答案的四个选项从词汇搭配 语法和句子结构等角度考虑均行得通 但由于文章是一个完整的统一体 词 句 段三者存在着内在逻辑关系 因此考生还要从上下文中寻找有关的信息 对文章的情节进行逻辑推理 抓住含有关键信息的词语 理顺句子之间的关系 确定正确的答案 其具体做法有 重视首句寻求信息完形填空本是一篇残缺的文章 留下首句可以帮助考生了解文章的主题 可以了解短文的概貌与作者的意图 要充分利用首句的标示作用 利用它为解题找到一个突破口 从而展开思维 例1 mystutter 口吃 hadalwaysbeenmuchofaproblem i dhadsomanyspecialistsformy overtheyears 2013 北京 35 a speechb studyc dreamd fear解析 由首句 我的口吃已经成为一个大问题 可知 作者在说话方式上很 独特 speech指 说话方式 答案 a mymotheronlyhadoneeye andbecauseofthis ineverwishedhertoshowupinmyschool beingafraidthatmyclassmateswould 1 ihadanuglymother 2014 十堰 41 1 a runoutb putoutc comeoutd findout d 明辨褒贬语境 判断是非几乎每篇完形填空的语境都有一定的褒贬性 这种褒贬性反映了主人公的特定心理 情绪状态和作者写作意图 因此利用好文章的语境褒贬性就能对文章进行准确的逻辑判断 从而在吃透文章并准确理解文意的基础上推断出每一空的准确信息 找出能反映语境褒贬性的标志性词语或句子 大胆预测下文 例2 hewillneverhavehopes dreamsorsomething 2013 兰州 49 a badb worec goodd better解析 由上下文可知hopes dreams都是好的东西 故排除a b 又由句意可知用比较级 更好的东西 答案 d iwantedtogetarideinsomebodyelse scar butitwasdarkandtherewasnocar itwasalso 2 totakeataxi 2 a easyb difficultc earlyd late b 巧用平行结构 判断逻辑平行结构指的是结构相同或相似 意思密切关联 语气一致的句子或短语组成串排列的语言现象 平行结构形式上整齐匀称 内容上联系紧密 命题者常从平行结构的句式相同或相似这一角度 利用其意义上的关联和对比这一特点来设题 了解这一点可大大提高解题效率 例3 jimsmithwasapoorboy onedayhewasverycoldand hecametoahouseandaskedayoungwomanonlyforaglassofwater 2013 云南 41 a hotb hungryc coold strong解析 由上文 hewasverycold 可知 与cold相对的是 饿 答案 b theyfoundthatthekidswhowatchedviolentcartoonsfoughtwithothersand 3 classrulesmoreoften 2014 宜宾 47 3 a brokeb followedc obeyedd made a 结合常识 明辨真伪 例4 wecan tforcelifetofollowourwishes theearthwon t turningwhetherweacceptitornot 2013 山西 36 a stopb keepc start解析 无论我们是否接受 地球都不会停止转动 答案 a whenyoudosomethingniceforsomeone youshouldn texpecttogetanything butwhenyoudogetsomething youshouldbevery 4 2014 鄂州 45 4 a hopefulb wonderfulc thankfuld helpful c 课文反馈 一 2015 兰州 oncetherelivedanunhappykingwhosleptbadlyanddidn tfeellikeeatinganything thismade 1 queenandhispeopleworried adoctorwascalledinto 2 him thedoctorsaidit sallinhismindinsteadofhisbody so 3 medicinenorrestcouldhelphimbutashirtofahappyperson theprimeministerwascalledtothepalace whenhearingtheking ssituation hesaid althoughihavemuchpower itdoesn tmakeme 4 i malwaysworriedaboutlosingit then theking sbankercameandsaidhehadlotsofwealth buthealsoworriedaboutlosingit hewasneverhappy either next thepalacesingercameandhiswordswerealmostthesame finally thetopgeneralwastoldtofindahappymanin 5 time luckily hefoundapoormanwithoutpower moneyorfamesinginghappilyonastreet thegeneralaskedhim 6 madehimsohappy thepoormanansweredthathehadeverythinghewantedandhedidn twantthosehecouldn thave hissongscamefromthehappinessinhisheart whenthegeneralaskedfortheman sshirt 7 themansaid whatshirt idon townanyshirts 1 a ab anc thed 2 a examineb noticec lookd watch 3 a noneb neitherc bothd all 4 a happilyb unhappilyc unhappyd happy 5 a threedayb threedays c threeday sd three days 6 a thatb whichc whatd where 7 a tohissurpriseb afterallc asusuald intotal c a b d b c a 二 2015 兰州一诊卷 somepeopleliketoeatsharkfinsoup especiallyinsouthernchina but 8 thesharks finsisverycruel whenpeoplecatchsharks they 9 theirfinsandthrowthesharksbackintotheocean thesharks 10 diebecausetheycan tswimwithoutfins anditis 11 harmfultotheenvironment sharksareatthe 12 ofthefoodchain ifthenumberofsharks 13 toolow itwillbreakthebalanceofthenature pleasesayno 14 eatingsharkfinsoup andtakeactiontosavethesharks 8 a getb gotc gettingd gets 9 a cutintob cutoffc takeoffd lookinto 10 a wiselyb slowc slowlyd daily 11 a toob eitherc neitherd also 12 a topb middlec bottomd end 13 a risesb arec dropsd drop 14 a inb withc aboved to c b c d a c d 三 2015 兰州模拟卷一 forthismonth syoungworldmagazine i 15 19 year oldasianpopstarcandywang iaskedcandy 16 herlifewasdifferentaftershebecamefamous sheexplainedthatthereweremanygoodthings like 17 abletotravelandmeetnewpeopleallthetime i 18 tobepopularinschool butnowigettonsofattentioneverywhereigo however toomuchattentioncanalsobeabadthing ialwayshavetoworryabouthowiappeartoothers andihavetobeverycarefulaboutwhatisayordo andidon thavemuchprivatetimeanymore hangingoutwithfriendsisalmost 19 formenowbecausetherearealwaysguardsaroundme candysaidtoallthoseyoungpeoplewhowanttobecomefamous youhavetobepreparedto 20 yournormallife youcan 21 imaginehowdifficulttheroadtosuccessis youreallyrequirealotoftalentandhardworktosucceed 15 a invitedb introducedc interviewedd invented 16 a howb whatc whend why 17 a beb isc tobed being 18 a don tuseb wasn tusedc didn tused wasused 19 a unimportantb impossiblec impolited inexpensive 20 a giveoutb giveawayc givebackd giveup 21 a everb alwaysc neverd still c a a c b d c 一 thephonecall 2015 北京 itwasgettingdark paullookedoutofthewindowandsighed 叹气 dadsaidhewouldcomehomeby5 30 butitwasalmost7 00 evenifdadcameback itwouldn tbemuchfunpalying 1 inthedark paulwalkedintohisroomandthrewhisbeseballintothecorner hetriedtodosomehomework butcouldn t thephonerangatabout8 00 itwasdad paul i m 2 buticouldn tplaybaseballwithyoutonight ihavetofinishmyworkattheoffice maybewecanplaythisweekend ohno howaboutnextweekend paulcouldn tunderstandwhydadwasso 3 hethrewhimselfintothesofaandsoonfellasleep hisbookwasstillopenedtothefirstpage thenextdayatschool pauldidn thandinhishomeworkand 4 atest mrsgreen histeacher askedhimtostayafterschool paul youdidn tdoyourhomework youdidn tpassthetestandonlygotad thisisn tlikeyou what swrong pauljustsatthere 5 paul ifyoudon twanttotalk iwill iknowthatsomething sworryingyou butyouhavetogetitout youneedtotellsomeone aspaulwalkedhome hethoughtofwhatmrsgreensaid maybehedidn tdohishomeworkbecausehewantedtogethisdad s 6 heknewmrsgreenwasright hedecidedtotakeheradvice whenpaulgothome he 7 hisdad buttherewasnoanswer thenitwenttovoicemail 语音信箱 paulbegantalking dad ican tplaywithyounextweekend i vegotlotsofproblemswithmyhomework also ireallydon twanttospendanotherdaylookingoutofthewindowandwaiting wheneveryou 8 ourplans dad ithurtsme it snottoolatetorebuildourrelationship butwehavetostartsmall maybeyoucanhelpmewithmy 9 sometime dad iloveyou aspaulendedthecall hefeltmuchrelaxed hedidn tknowwhetherhisdadwouldbedifferent butitdidn tmatter hehimself 10 heexpressedhisfeelingstotherightperson hehadaclearheadashewasdoinghishomeworkthatevening 1 a beseballb cardsc chessd toys 2 a luckyb sorryc surprisedd pleased 3 a famousb helpfulc lazyd busy 4 a madeb missedc failedd chose 5 a cheerfullyb comfortablyc hopefullyd quietly 6 a attentionb messagec praised trust 7 a sawb thankedc calledd greeted 8 a prepareb breakc followd question 9 a choiceb homeworkc speechd decision 10 a regrettedb complainedc insistedd changed a b d c d a c b b d 二 2015 陕西 iwasonceafatgirl iweighed336poundsandlookedasbigasmyfridge iwasnever 11 it butonedayihadamedicalexamination 体检 the 12 toldmethatiwashavinghearttrouble it 13 meup ibegantofeelnervous thenidecidedtodosomething inayearandfivemonths i 14 104pounds whatagreatthingidid ididn thaveanyexpensivefood medicaltreatment 治序 orcamp style 训练营式 exercise whatwasthesecrettomy 15 firstilookedthroughtheinternetfordo it yourself 16 thatpeoplecouldfollowonlosingweight ofcourseisawcountlessadswhichtrytogetmetobuytheirproducts butiboughtnothing theonlythingididwastochangemybad 17 thefollowingarewhatihavedone youcantrythese stopdrinkingsome thingwithtoomuchsugarinit 18 sweetcakes eatgreenvegetables useonlyvegetableoil nevereatafter6 30pm also dolightexercisefor15to20minutesfivedaysaweek thenikeptdoingwhatishoulddo peoplesometimessay youdon tneedtotellme 19 todo iknowitalready butthefactisthatknowingwhattodoanddoingwhatyouknowaretotally 20 theimportantthingistoknowwhattodoandthenjustkeepdoingit 11 a excitedaboutb worriedaboutc proudofd happywith 12 a doctorb friendc motherd teacher 13 a gaveb cheeredc dressedd woke 14 a borrowedb lentc lostd got 15 a happinessb successc kindnessd richness 16 a adviceb newsc foodd medicine 17 a gradesb lookc wishd habits 18 a acceptb bringc refused make 19 a howb whatc whyd whether 20 a easyb difficultc similard different b a d c b a d c b d 三 mymother slovinghands 2015 福州 nightafternight shecametohelpmesleep evenlongaftermychildhoodyears idon tremember 21 itfirststartedmakingmealittleangry mymom shandspushingmyhairthatway butitreallymademeuncomfortable forthey 22 rough 粗糙的 againstmyyoungskin finally onenight i 23 her don tdothatanymore yourhandsaretoorough shedidn tsayanything 24 sheneverdiditagain yearslater imissedmymother s 25 andhergoodnightkissonmyface i mnotalittlegirlanymore mymomis 26 hermid seventies andherroughhandsarestilldoingthingsformyfamilyandme nowmyownchildrenhave 27 itwaslateonthanksgivingeve asisleptinmybedroom afamiliarhandranacrossmy 28 topushthehairfrommyhead thenakiss eversosoftly touchedmybrow 额头 takingmymom shand itoldherhow 29 iwasforthatnightishoutedather butmymomdidn tknowwhatiwastalkingabout shehadforgottenitlongago thatnight i 30 withanewappreciation 感激 formymother scaringhands andtheguilt 内疚 thatihadcarriedaroundforsolongwasnowheretobefound 21 a whenb wherec why 22 a lookedb feltc seemed 23 a noddedatb shoutedatc laughedat 24 a sob orc but 25 a handsb wordsc smiles 26 a onb inc at 27 a stayedupb wokenupc grownup 28 a noseb facec