辽宁省瓦房店市高二英语10月基础知识竞赛试题.doc

辽宁省瓦房店市2017-2018学年高二英语10月基础知识竞赛试题第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 awe humans are superstitious(迷信), believing that friday the 13th is bad luck and finding a penny is good luck. here, then, are three of the most common superstitions.careful with that mirror according to folktales, breaking a mirror is sure to bring yourself seven years of bad luck. the superstition seems to arise from the belief that mirrors dont just reflect your image; they hold bits of your soul. that belief led old american southerners to cover mirrors in a house when someone died, for fear that their soul might be trapped inside.like the number three, the number seven is often associated with luck. seven years is a long time to be unlucky, so people have come up with solutions after breaking a mirror. these include touching a piece of the broken mirror to a tombstone or powdering the broken mirror.knock on wood this phrase is designed to break away from bad luck: “breaking that mirror didnt bring me any trouble. knock on wood.” the phrase may come from old tales about good spirits in trees or from an association with the christian cross.no umbrellas inside and not just because youll hurt someones eyes. opening an umbrella indoors is supposed to bring bad luck. the origins of this belief vary from a story of an ancient woman who happened to have opened her umbrella moments before her house fell to the tale of a british prince who accepted two umbrellas from a visiting king and died within months.21. what may bring good luck? a. dating on friday the 13th. b. knocking on wood. c. opening an umbrella inside. d. breaking a mirror.22. what should you do to drive bad luck away after breaking a mirror? a. hide the pieces for seven years. b. put the pieces in a tombstone. c. cover the other mirrors in a house. d. make the pieces into powder.23. which phrase may originate(起源) from religion? a. careful with that mirror. b. knock on wood. c. no umbrellas inside. d. lucky number seven. bi was having a great morning until i sat down in front of my office computer. your password has run out, a server message flashed on my screen, with instructions for changing it. coming up with a new code doesnt seem like a big deal unless you work at my company, where we have to change it monthly, using at least one uppercase(大写的) character, one lowercase character, one symbol, and one number. oh, and the whole thing cant be fewer than eight characters. and i cant use any of the same passwords ive used in the past three months.suddenly i wascross. what didnt make it any better was that i was deeply depressed after my recent divorce. the flashing cursor(光标) was still waiting for me to type a password that id have to re-enter many times for the next 30 days. i remembered a tip from my former boss: im going to use a password to change my life.i decided to choose a password, which would remind me that i shouldnt let myself be a victim of my recent breakup and that i was strong enough to do something about it. i made my password forgiveh3r.i had to type this statement several times a day. each time my computer would lock. each time my screen saver with her photo would appear. each time i would come back from eating lunch alone. in my mind, i wrote forgive her every day.the simple action changed the way i looked at my ex-wife. that constant reminder led me to accept the way things had happened at the end of my marriage and adopt a new way of dealing with my depression. as the month went on, i felt slow healing began to take place. by the time my server reminded me to reset my password the following month, i felt free.24according to the authors company, which code is suitable?a.never2&late b.1u#lifec.healthy*keepingd.persist4ever25which word can replace the underlined word cross in paragraph 2?a. nervous.b. curious.c. anxious.d. angry.26why did the author change his password into forgiveh3r?a.to make it easier for him to remember.b.to protect his computer against hacker attacks.c.to reduce his frustration of the recent divorce.d.to inform people of the importance of forgiveness.27what is the best title of the passage?a.how a password changed my lifeb.what an unsuccessful marriage taught mec.learn the best way to deal with depressiond.choose a suitable password for your computer cmany animals recognize their food because they see it. so do humans. when you see an apple or a piece of chocolate you know that these are things you can eat. you can also use other senses when you choose your food.you may like it because it smells good or because it tastes good. you may dislike some types of food because they do not look, smell or taste very nice. different animals use different senses to find and choose their food. a few animals depend on only one of their senses, while most animals use more than one sense.although there are many different types of food, some animals spend their lives eating only one type. the giant panda eats only one particular type of bamboo. other animals eat only one type of food even when given the choice. a kind of white butterfly will stay on the leaves of a cabbage, even though there are plenty of other vegetables in the garden. however, most animals have a more varied diet. the bear eats fruits and fish. the fox eats small animals, birds and fruits. the diet of these animals will be different depending on the season.humans have a very varied diet. we often eat food because we like it and not because it is good for us. in countries such as france and britain, people eat foods with too much sugar. this makes them overweight, which is bad for their health. eating too muchred meat(羊肉，牛肉) and animal products, such as butter, can also be bad for the health. choosing the right food, therefore, has become an area of study in modern life.28. we can infer from the text that humans and animals _. a. depend on one sense in choosing food b. are not satisfied with their food c. choose food in similar ways d. eat entirely different food29. which of the following eats only one type of food? a. the white butterfly. b. the small bird. c. the bear. d. the fox.30. certain animals change their choice of food when _. a. the season changes b. the food color changes c. they move to different places d. they are attracted by different smells31. we can learn from the last paragraph that _. a. food is chosen for a good reason b. french and british food is good c. some people have few choices of foodd. some people care little about healthy diet dshake shack is a new kind of restaurant becoming more popular in the usthe restaurants are not“fast food”they are known as“fast casual”observers say americans want more choices and fresh food when choosing where and what to eatthis trend is one reason why the fast food restaurant mcdonalds has struggled financiallyin the last quarter of 2014，mcdonalds net income dropped by about $300 millionthe january earnings report brought more bad newsworldwide sales dropped for the eighth month in a row and even more than expectedwhile mcdonalds is struggling to get their customers back，shake shack is doing well in making moneythe new york-based burger chain had a very successful ipo，or initial public offering，of shares at the end of januaryon its first day of trading，shake shack went from $21 a share to just under $46 a sharebeing part of the “fast casual ”trend has helped shake shackother fast casual restaurants in the usinclude chipotle and panera breadbonnie riggs，a restaurant expert with npd has studied americans restaurant habits for almost 30 yearsshe says one reason why americans like fast casual food is that its newits creative，its something different and people like to try new thingsher study shows americansmade 61 billion visits to restaurants last yearthree out of four visits were to fast food restaurants，like mcdonaldsfast casual is still a small percentage of restaurant visits，but it has developed fastjust as ms. riggs says，“its growing by leaps and bounds，because they meet consumers needsthey know its being prepared while they wait，its fresh，quality food，good tasting food at what they say are reasonable and affordable prices”many americans still like their fast foodthey just are not going as oftenthey are finding other ways to have a meal32whats the trouble with mcdonalds？aits share goes down to $21bshake shack has taken its placecits not popular with americansdits sales and income have dropped33we can learn from bonnie riggs that americans _adont like fast food any morebcare only about the qualityclike to try something newdpay more restaurant visits to fast casual34what does the underlined phrase “by leaps and bounds” in para3 mean？asteadily brapidly cslowly dnormally35which of the following best describes fast casual？afresh-made and tastybhigh-quality and expensivecfarm-to-table and traditionaldtime-consuming and special第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。parents are always told to control the amount of time their children spend using phones. 36_ researchers studied 55 parents，while they were eating in a fast food restaurant with their children. they found that one in three parents used their phones during the meals. parents, who were busy with their phones，seemed to have more negative communication with their children.37_ they studied five different acts from parents who didnt use their phones at all during the meals, parents who put their phones on the table but didnt use them, parents who used their phones now and then, parents who used their phones at the end of the meals, and those who used their phones during the whole time of the meals. 38_ more than 15 percent used their phones towards the end of the meals while the children were still eating,and continued using them until they left the restaurant.its reported that young children use eye contact with their parents to form a good relationship and learn about the world. 39_ when parents spent a long time looking at their phones, their children would be upset. reducing this face-to-face contact could cause problems with further development and reduce the level of relationship between a parent and a child.this is the first study to examine how children behave when their parents are using their phones. 40_ more work needs to be done to find out how to improve the relationship between parents and children.a. the researchers think it is just the beginning.b. but their own habit of using phones could be bad, too.c. it is necessary for parents to spend time accompanying them.d. almost 73 percent of the adults used their phones at least once during the meals.e. dr. radesky and her team observed parents behavior to see them in a“real-life setting”.f. little eye contact and communication can reduce the close relationship with the children.g. so the more eye contact their parents use,the more chances the children have to succeed.第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1. 5分，满分30分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。what is intelligence(智力) anyway? when i was in the army i _41an intelligence test that all soldiers took, and, against_42of 100, scored 160.i had an auto-repair man once, who, on these intelligence tests, could not_43_ have scored more than 80. _44_ , when anything went wrong with my car i hurried to himand he always_45_it.well, then, suppose my auto-repair man _46questions for some intelligence tests. by every one of them id prove myself a _47. in a world where i have to work with my_48, id do poorly.consider my auto-repair man _49. he had a habit of telling _50_ . one time he said, “doc, a deaf-and-dumb(聋哑) man_51_ some nails. having entered a store, he put two fingers together on the counter and made_52_movements with the other hand. the clerk brought him a hammer. he _53his head and pointed to the two fingers he was hammering. the clerk_54him some nails. he picked out the right size and left. well, doc, the _55man who came in was blind. he wanted scissors(剪刀). _56do you suppose he asked for them?” i lifted my right hand and made scissoring movements with my first two fingers. he burst out laughing and said, “why, you fool, he used his_57and asked for them. ive been_58that on all my customers today, but i knew _59_ id catch you.”“why is that?” i asked. “because you are so goddamned educated, doc. i knew you couldnt be very _60_ .”and i have an uneasy feeling he had something there.41. a. failed b. wrote c. received d. chose42. a. an average b. a total c. an exam d. a number43. a. always b. possibly c. certainly d. frequently44. a. then b. thus c. therefore d. yet45. a. fixed b. checked c. drove d. changed46. a. answered b. practised c. designed d. tried47. a. teacher b. doctor c. winner d. fool48. a. brains b. effort c. hands d. attention49. a. again b. as usual c. too d. as well50. a. lies b. jokes c. news d. tales51. a. bought b. tested c. found d. needed52. a. cutting b. hammering c. waving d. circling53. a. nodded b. raised c. shook d. turned54. a. brought b. packed c. sent d. sold55. a. clever b. other c. right d. next56. a. what b. how c. who d. which 57. a. imagination b. hand c. voice d. information58. a. trying b. proving c. practising d. examining59. aat once b.for sure c. in fact d. right now60. a. clear b. silly c. slow d. smart第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。nothing is worse than lying awake hour after hour, night after night, when you really want to do is sleep. “insomnia” is the word_61_ (use) to describe the habit of sleeplessness. for some unlucky people, sleeping difficulties may continue not just for days, _62_for weeks, or even years. being overtired can have a very bad effect _63_ every part of our lives. we may get angry easily. we may catch colds easily or suffer more serious _64_(sick). our work or study gets affected. our judgement_65_ (suffer) -many fatal accidents are caused by drivers _66_(fall) asleep at the wheel of a car. most of us need about eight hours sleep a night. if you have a few nights in a row of sleeping less than eight hours, you should try to make up for this by sleeping_67_ (much) when you get the chance. a 1959 american cancer study of one million americans showed that people _68_ sleep about eight hours a night are likely_69_ (live) longer than those who sleep less than seven hours. _70_studies agree with these findings.第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）with teachers day draw near, i would like to express my thanks to ms. li, who taught us englishlast year. at that time, i was having a trouble studying english and my scores fell. ms. li encouraged me and tell me her story that she never gave up before her studies didnt go well. she also said that it was necessary to make efforts so that i would not regret waste time. her words were the best medicine because she stood in her shoes to deal with problems and gave me sincere advices. she didnt simple comfort me. her teaching methods also counted. it had never occurred me that studying could be so interested until i met ms. li.第二节 书面表达（满分25分） 假定你是李华，请给正在你校学习的英语