2010年6月英语四级词汇.doc

2010年6月快速阅读：laptop /lQPtOP / n.膝上型计算机；便携式电脑interval /intEvl/ n.(时间上的)间隔间隙 eg: The interval of major earthquakes might be 200 years.(大地震之间的时间间隔可能会有200年。) brief intervals 短时间 eg: Shed wake up early, turn on her laptop and chat on Internet dating sites- leaving her bed for only brief intervals.(她会很早起 床，打开笔记本电脑，在网上约会网站聊天，只会偶尔短时 间下床。） (戏剧、电影或音乐会的)幕间休息 eg: There will be an interval of 20 minutes after the second act.（第二幕 表演后会有20分钟的间隔。）household /haUsHEULd/ n.一家人；家庭；同住一所房子的人 low-income / one-parent households 低收入家庭household bills/chores/goods 家庭账单/杂务/用品pile up 堆压，积压laundry /LO:ndri/ n.衣物；洗衣店constant / kOnstEnt/ adj. 连续发生的；不断的；重复的 constant interruptions 无休止的干扰 eg:Babies need constant attention. (婴儿一刻也离不人) It took constant complaints from her four daughters be- fore she realized she had a problem. (在她4个女儿不 停的抱怨之后才意识到自己出了问题。） 不变的，固定的fall apart 破碎，破裂，崩溃 eg:Their marriage finally fell apart. I was starting to feel like my whole world was falli- ng apart. (我开始感觉自己的整个世界崩溃了)slip into 陷入addicted /EdIktId/ adj.上瘾；成瘾；有瘾 to become addicted to drugs/alcohol/gambling 吸毒/喝酒/赌博成瘾 入迷 eg:Her son is addicted to computer games.excessive /IksesIv/ adj. 过度的，过分的 excessively high price 过高的价格 Excessive drinking can lead to stomach disorders.(过度酗酒 导致胃病）consensus /kEnsensEs/ n.一致的意见，共识 reach/achieve a consensus 达成共识 eg:Theres still no consensus on how much time online constitutes too much or whether addiction is possib- le.(对于究竟上网多长时间才算过多或是上瘾还没有一致 的说法）generate /dZenEreIt/ v.产生，引起 eg:to generate electricity/heat/power 发电；产生热/动力 The proposal has generated a lot of interest.(这 项建议引起众多的关注）constitute /kOnstItJU:t/ v.(被认为或看做)是；被算作 组成，构成 eg: Female workers constitute the majo- rity of the labour force.(女性雇员占劳动力的多数)diagnostic /daiEgnOstIk/ adj.诊断的 n.诊断程序manual /mQnJUEl/ adj.手工的；体力的 manual skills 手工技巧 manual labour 体力劳动 manual and non-manual workers 体力劳动者和非体力劳 动者 n.说明书，指南，手册discussion board 论坛disorder /dIsO:dE/ n.杂乱，混乱 eg:The room was in a state of disorder.(房间凌乱不堪) 失调，不适，疾病 eg: blood disorder 血液病 stomach disorder 胃病 psychiatric disorder 精神错乱 骚乱，动乱skeptical /sKeptIkl/ adj. 怀疑的 eg: The public remains skeptical of these claims.(公众对这些说法仍持怀疑态度)priority /praiOrEtI/ n.最重要的事conceal /kEnsi:l/ v.隐藏，隐瞒，掩盖 eg:Tim could barely conceal his disappointment.(蒂姆几乎掩饰不住自己的失望) About 9% attempted to conceal “nonessential Intern et use,”and nearly 4% reported feeling “preoccupi ed by the Internet when offline.”(约9%的人试图 隐瞒“不必要时却使用网络”的行为，近4%的人声称感 觉“不上网时也时刻想着网络”。）infant /InfEnt/ n.婴儿，幼儿 eg: She was seriously ill as an infant.(她年幼时曾患重病)infancy /InfEnsi/ n.婴儿期，幼儿期 初期，初创期 eg:The Internet problem is still in its infancy.(网络问题仍然处于初级阶段)symptom /simptEm/ n.症状 cold/flue symptoms 感冒/流感症状 征候，征兆 eg:The rise in inflation was just one symptom of the poor state of the economy.(通胀上 升不过是经济不景气的一个征候）suck /sVk/ v.吮吸，吸，啜 to suck the juice from the orange 吸橙子的汁 吸引，使卷入 eg:Theres this whole culture of competition that sucks people in with the online gaming.(正是这种竞争的氛围让人沉溺于网络游戏)hold/keep sth in check 控制；制止 eg:Heidrich now visits websites that discuss gaming addiction regularly “to remind myself to keep my love for online games in check.(Heidrich如今会定 期访问讨论打游戏上瘾的网站，“目的是提醒自己对游戏 的喜爱要适度”。）curb /kE:b/ v.控制，抑制，限定，约束 eg: He needs to learn to curb his temper. (他得学着控制自己的脾气。)fatigue /fEti:g/ n. 疲劳，劳累 physical and mental fatigue 身体和精神的疲劳 eg:Driver fatigue was to blame for the accident. (这个事故是驾驶员疲劳所致) I was dropping with fatigue and could not keep my eyes open.(我快要累倒了，眼睛也睁不开了。)inevitable /InevItEbl/ adj.不可避免的，不能防止的 eg:It was inevitable that there would be job losses. (裁员已是不可避免的事。) A rise in the interest rates seems inevitable.(提高利率似乎 是不可避免的。） 照例必有的，惯常的 eg:the English and their inevitable cups of tea 英国人和他们例行的饮茶 n.不可避免的事exaggerate/IgzQdZEreIt/ v.夸张，夸大，言过其实 eg:He tends to exaggerate the difficulties. (他往往夸大困难。)阅读理解Section Asolar/sEulE/ adj.太阳的 太阳能的 solar heating 太阳能加热masterpiece /ma:stEpi:s/ n.代表作，杰作，名著version /vE:Sn/ n.（个人或群体的）说法，描述 eg:She gave us her version of what had happened that day.(她向我们描述了她所认为的那天发生的事。) （电影、剧本、音乐等）版本，改编形式，改写本 eg:the latest version of the software package 软件 包的最新版本 型式 enormous/inO:mEs/ adj.巨大的，庞大的，极大的 an enormous amount of time/money/information 大量的时间/巨款/海量信息 enormous interest/pressure/responsibility 浓厚的兴趣；沉重的压力；重大的责任 eg:An enormous amount of energy and resources went into the construction of those houses.(建造那些老房 子会耗费大量的能源和资源。）emission /imiSn/ n.（光、热、气等的）发出，射出，排放 eg:the emission of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere 向大气排放二氧化碳 排放物，散发物，排泄物 eg: The government has pledged to clean up industrial emission.(政府已保障 要清除工业排放物。）crack /kRQk/ v.破裂 n.裂缝，缝隙postwar adj.战后的；（尤指）第二次世界大战以后的 postwar years 战后的年代property /prOpEtI/ n.所有物，财产，财物 eg:This building is government property.(这座大楼是 政府的财产。） 性质，特性 eg:Compare the physical properties of the two substances.(比较一下这两种物质的物理特性。) 房地产 eg:The price of property has risen enormously (房地产的价格大幅上升了。)clumsy /klVMzi/ adj.笨拙的，不灵巧的 eg:I spilt your coffee. Sorry-that was clumsy of me.(我弄洒了你的咖啡。对不 起，我真是笨手笨脚。） 冒犯人的，不得体的 eg:She made a clumsy attempt to apologize.(她本想道歉，但词语生硬。) 复杂难懂的，使用不便的 eg:The complaints procedure is clumsy and time-consuming.(申诉程序复杂耗时。)exception /IksepSn/ n.例外 with the exception of 除之外，不包括在内 eg:With some exception, the oldest homes tend to be the least energy-efficient.(除了一些特例之外，最古老的房 子往往最不节能。）expand /ikspQnd/ v 扩大，增加，增强（尺码、数量或重要性） eg:Houses built before 1939 use about 50% more energy per square foot than built after 2000,mainly due to the tiny cracks and gaps that expand over time and let in more outside air.(建于1939年以前的房子比建于2000年 之后的房子每平方英尺要多使用超过50%的能源，主要原因 在于老房子的小裂缝由于年久失修而越变越大，外面的空气 都进入房子而造成能源浪费。） 扩展，发展（业务）eg:Weve expanded the business by opening two more stores.我们增开了两个店铺以扩展业务。 细谈，详述 eg:I repeated the question and waited for her to expand.(我把问题重复了一遍，等着她详细回答。)Section BPassage Onewithstand /wIDstQnd/ v.承受，顶住，经受住 eg:The materials used have to be able to withstand high temperatures.(使用的材料必须能够耐高温。)comic /kOmIk/ adj.滑稽的，使人发笑的 eg:The play is both comic and tragic.(这部剧既滑稽又悲惨。) 喜剧的 a very fine comic actor 非常出色的喜剧演员 n.喜剧演员；连环画杂志；（报刊上的）连环漫画栏 eg:Their ability to withstand almost any disaster makes them seem like something out of a comic book.(它们拥有几 乎能够抵御任何灾难的能力，使得它们看起来就像是来自漫画书 里的东西一样。）comedy 喜剧 tragedy 悲剧detect /dItekt/ v.发现，查明，侦察出 eg:These tests are designed to detect the disease early. (这些检查旨在早期查出疾病。)track n.小道，小径 a muddy track through the forest 穿过森林的泥泞小径 足迹，踪迹，车辙 eg:There were two sets of fresh tyre tracks outside. (外面有两组新的车辙。) 铁路轨道 eg:India has thousands of miles of track. (印度有数千英里的铁道。) 跑道 a running track 赛跑跑道 路线，方向 v.跟踪，追踪 eg:Australian scientist David Warren developed a flight-memory recorder that would track basic information like altitude and direction.(澳大利亚科学家David Warren 研发了一个飞行记忆记录设备，能追踪飞行高度和方向灯基本 信息。） 留下足迹 eg:Dont track mud on my clean floor. (别在我干净的地板上踩上泥脚印。)rear/rIE/ n. 后部，尾部 eg:There are toilets at both front and rear of the plane. (飞机前后舱都有洗手间。) adj.后面的，后部的 v.抚养，养育，培养 eg:She reared a family of five on her own.(她一个人撑起了一个五口之家。) 饲养 rear cattle 饲养牛 （马）用后腿直立 eg:The horse reared, throwing its rider. （这匹马后腿直立，将骑手摔下。） 巍然耸立subject sb/sth to sth 使经受，使遭受 eg:The city was subjected to heavy bombing. (那座城市遭受猛烈轰炸。) In 1965,the device was completely redesigned and moved to the rear of the plane-the area least subject to impact. (1965年人们重新设计了该设备并把它移至机尾，因为这个位置 受到的影响最小。）massive /mQsIv/ adj. 巨大的，大而重的，结实的 a massive rock 一块巨大的岩石 严重的 eg:He suffered a massive heart attack. （她的心脏病严重发作了。）emit /imIt/ v.发出，射出，散发（光、热、声音、气等） eg:The mental container began to emit a clicking sound. (金属容器开始发出咔嗒咔嗒的声音。)submerge /sEbmE:dZ/ v.(使)浸入水中，浸没，淹没 eg:When submerged,therre also able to emit signals from depths of 20,000 ft.(即使在两万英尺深的水下，它也能够发 射信号。） 湮没，湮灭，掩盖（思想，情感等）ward /wO:d/ n.病房，病室 maternity/surgical/psychiatric/childrens ward 产科/外科/精神病/儿科病房 区 受监护人 v.防止，避免 ward off 防止，避免 ward off criticism/intruders 避免批评/抵御入侵者Passage Twoadvocate /QdvEkeIt/ v.拥护，支持，提倡 eg:The group does not advocate the use of violence. (该团体不支持使用暴力。) n.拥护者，支持者，提倡者 辩护律师，辩护人highlight /haIlaIt/ v.突出，强调 eg:The report highlights the major problems facing society today.(报告特别强调了 今社会所面临的主要问题。） Researchers in Canada just published a study in the journal Psychological Science that says trying to get people to think more positively can actually have the opposite effect :it can simply highlight how unhappy they are.加拿大研 究者在心理科学杂志中撰文指出，试图让人们尽量采用积极 思维方式实际上会带来反面效果：这反而会凸显他们有多不开心 用彩笔做标记，使醒目，增强亮度 eg:Ive highlighted the important passages in yellow.(我用黄色标出了重要段落。) n.最好（或最精彩、最激动人心）的部分eg:One of the highlight of the trip was seeing the Taj Mahal.(这次旅行中的最精彩 的一件事是参观泰姬陵。）cite /saIt/ v.提及，举出（示例），列举 eg:He cited his heavy workload as the reason for his breakdown.(他提到繁重的工作负荷是导致他累垮的原因。) 引用，引述 eg:The studys authors begin by citing older research showing that when people get feedback which they believe is overly positive ,they actually feel worse, not better.(这项研究的作者以引用过去的研究开篇，表明当人们收 到他们认为是过于积极的反馈时，实际上他们并未因此感觉好些， 而是更糟糕。） 传唤，传讯 eg:He was cited for contempt of court.(他因 蔑视法庭而被传讯。） 表彰，表扬 eg:He was cited for bravery in World War II. (他因在二战中作战英勇而受到表扬。)feedback /fi:dbQk/ n.反馈的意见（或信息） eg:The teacher will give you feedback on the test.(老师会对你的测验提供反馈 信息。） （电器的）反馈噪音dim /dIm/ adj.暗淡的，昏暗的 eg:This light is too dim to read by.(这光线太暗，看不了书。) 模糊的，隐约的 eg:I could see a dim shape in the doorway. (我模模糊糊看见门口有个人影。) dim memories 模糊的记忆 看不清的，视力差的 eg:His eyesight is getting dim. (他的视力越来越差。) 愚笨的，迟钝的 不光明的，糟糕的 eg:His future career prospects look dim. (他的前程看来很暗淡。) v.变暗淡，变昏暗 变淡漠 eg:Her passion for dancing never dimmed over the years.(这些年来她对跳舞的热情一直不减。)underline /VndElaIn/ v.在（词语等下）划线，画底线标出 强调，突现 eg:If you tell your dim friend that he has the potential of an Einstein, youre just underlining his faults.(如果你告诉一个脑子不是很灵活的朋友他有成为爱因斯 坦的潜质，你只是在强调他的缺点。）psychologist /saIkOlEdZIst/ n. 心理学家，心理学研究者oppose /EpEuz/ v.反对（计划、政策等），抵制，阻挠 eg:In one 1990s experiment, a team including psychologist Joel Cooper of Princeton asked participants to write essays opposing funding for the disabled. (在一个20世纪90年代 的实验中，包括普林斯顿大学心理学家Joel Cooper 在内的一个 小组要求参与者写文章反对设立残疾人基金。）self-esteem 自尊心 high/low self-esteem 自尊心强/弱affirm /EfE:m/ v.肯定属实，申明，断言 eg:I can affirm that no one will lose their job.(我可以肯定，谁都不会丢掉工作。)affirmation /QfEmeISn/ n.肯定self-affirmation 自我肯定perspective /pEspektIv/ n.态度，观点，角度 a global perspective 全面的看法 eg:Meditation(静思)techniques, in contrast, can teach people to put their shortcomings into a larger ,more realistic perspective.(相反，静思技巧能够教授人们从更大 更实际的角度来看待自己的缺。） 客观判断力，权衡轻重的能力 eg:Try to keep these issues in perspective.(要尽量恰当地处理这些问题。) 景观，远景 a perspective of the whole valley 山谷全景profitable /prOfItEbl/ adj.有利润的，赢利的 a highly profitable business 一家赢利很高的企业 有益的，有好处的 eg: She spent a profitable afternoon in the library.(她在图书馆待了一个下午，颇有收获。)yield /ji:ld/ v.出产（作物），产生（收益、效益等），提供 eg:It has yielded positive results.(它产生了积极的结果。) 屈服 yield to sth/sb eg:He reluctantly yielded to their demands.(他不情愿地屈从于他们的要求。) 活动，变形，弯曲 让路 n.产量，产出，利润完型填空transaction /trQnzQkSn/ n.（一笔）交易，业务，买卖financial transaction between companies公司间的财务往来commercial transactions 商业交易办理，处理 the transaction of government business处理政府事务concept /kOnsept/ n.概念，观念 the concept of social class 社会等级的概念 the concept that everyone should have equality of opportuni- ty. 人人应当机会均等的观念conception /kEnsepSn/ n.构思，构想，设想 eg:The plan was brilliant in its conception but failed because of lack of money.(尽管这计划构想绝妙，但终因资金 不足而告流产。） 理解（认为某事怎样或应该怎样） Marxs conception of social justice 马克思对社会公平概念 的理解 eg:He has no conception of how difficult life is if youre unemployed.(他不懂失业后生活会是怎样的艰难。) 怀孕，受孕 conceptual /kEnseptSuEl/ adj.概念（上）的，观念（上）的distract /dIstrQkt/ v.转移（注意力），分散（思想），使分心 eg:It was another attempt to distract attention from the truth.(这又是企图分散人们对事实真相的注意力。)distracting adj.使人分心的 distracting thoughts 令人分心的想法descend /dIsend/ v.下来，下去，下降 eg：The results, ranked in descending order are as follows：（结果按递减顺序排列如下：）eg: She descended the stairs slowly.(她缓慢地走下楼梯。)降临，来临 eg: Calm descended on the crowd.(人群平静下来。）下斜，下倾 be descended from sb 是某人的后裔eg:He claims to be descended from a Spanish prince.（他声称是一位西班牙王子的后裔。）descended into sth 逐渐陷入descend to sth降低身份去做；竟做出；堕落到地步differ from 与不同derive /dIraIv/ v.（从中）得到，获得 eg: He derived great pleasure from painting.(他从绘画中得到极大的乐趣。) （从中）提取 derive form sth / be derived from sth 起源于，来自fax /fQks/ n.传真 eg:Can you send it to me by/via fax?(你能用传真把它发给我吗？) 传真机 v.传真（文档、信件等）situate /sItSueIt/ v.使位于，使坐落于 将置于，使联系 eg: Let me try and situate the events in their historical context.(我尽量把这些事件与其历史背景联系起来。)lie in 存在于 eg:E-commerce follows the same model used in other business transactions, the difference lies in the details.(电子商务和其他的商业交易遵循同样的模式，区别存在于细节中。)consist of 由构成catalog /kQtElOg/ n.目录 a mail-order catalog 邮购商品目录 一连串（糟糕）事 a catalog of disasters/errors/fortunes 接二连三的灾难/错误/不幸 v.列入目录 记载，登记send in 提交，呈送put out 放出，伸出stand for 代表，象征，支持carry away 拿走visible /vIzEbl/ adj.看得见的，可见的 eg: The house is clearly visible from the beach.(从海滩可以清楚地看到那所房子。) 明显的，能注意到的 eg: He showed no visible sign of emotion.(他丝毫不露声色。)feasible /fi:zEbl/ adj.可行的，行的通的 a feasible plan/suggestion/idea 可行的计划/建议/想法sensible /sensEbl/ adj.明智的，合理的，切合实际的 sensible person/decision/precaution 明智的人/决定/预防措施 朴素而实用的 sensible shoes 朴实而舒适的鞋 意识到，认识到optional /OpSEnl/ adj.可选择的，选修的 eg:Certain courses are compulsory, others are optional. （某些课程是必修的，其他是选修的。）invalid /InvQlId/ adj.(法律或官方)不承认的，无效的，不能识别的 eg: People with invalid papers are deported to another country.(持无效证件的人被驱逐到别国。) An error code will be displayed if any invalid information has been entered.(输入无效信息将显示错误代码。) 无充分事实的，站不住脚的 an invalid argument 站不住脚的论点significant /sIgnIfIkEnt/ adj.有重大意义的，显著的 a highly significant discovery 有重大意义的发现 eg: Your work has shown a significant improvement. (你的工作有了显著改进。)insignificant /InsIgnIfIkEnt/ adj.微不足道的，无足轻重的 an insignificant difference 微不足道的差别 eg: The levels of chemicals in the river are not insignificant.(河水中的化学物质含量不容忽视。)mainstream /meinstri:m/ n.主流思想，主流群体 eg: He was never part of the literary mainstream as a writer.(作为一位作家，他从来都不属于文学的主流。) adj.主流的community /kEmju:nEtI/ n.社区，社会 eg: The local community was shocked by the murders. (当地社会对这些谋杀案感到震惊。) the international community 国际社会 community parks/libraries 社区公园/图书馆 a sense of community 社区意识 团体，社团，界 the ethnic community 种族团体 the farming community 农业界 community spirit 团体精神（动植物的）群落corps /kO:/ n.军，兵团 （陆军）特种部队（从事某工作或活动的）一群人，一组人corporation /kO:pEreISn/ n.公司 multinational corporations 跨国公司法人，法人团体urban development corporations 城市开发集团公司市政委员会compound /kOmpaund/ n.复合物，混合物 化合物handful /hQndful/ n.少数人（或事物）eg: Only a handful of peop