状语从句老师.doc

状语从句讲解1.概述：状语从句在句中起状语作用，修饰主句的谓语动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。状语从句按用途可分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、条件状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、让步状语从句、比较状语从句和方式状语从句。2.状语从句的常考点与重难点重点：各种从属连词的含义及用法比较难点：状语从句的时态问题常考点：时间状语从句，让步状语从句，条件状语从句3.掌握状语从句的关键：1）准确掌握每一个连词的含义。 2）注意主句和从句的时态呼应。一时间状语从句 Do you finish the sentences?1. It was already eight oclock_when_we got there.2. _while_he was speaking,everybody listened carefully.3. He had learned Chinese _before_he came to China.4. _After_the work was done,we sat down to sum up experience.5. I havent seen him _since_he moved to the other side of the town.6. I waited _until_he came back.7. I was about to go out _when_a visitor came.8. She sings _as_she goes along.（前进）9. The thieves ran away _as soon as_they caught sight of (发现)the police.10. It was not _until_he took off his eyeglasses that I recognized him. Do you know the sentences?1.I felt bad the _first time_I talk to a group.2.I recognized you the _moment_ I saw you at the airport3._By the time等到什么时候 _I was sixteen,my dream had come true.4.Now _whenever_we go to the pub,we play our songs and buy drinks for the friends.5._Hardly几乎不简直不刚刚_had he reached达到抵达 the school gate _when_the bell rang.时间状语从句的常用引导词when,while,as, before,after,whenever,since,until/till,not.till,as soon as,the moment,the minute,the second,the instant立即的；紧急的；紧迫的,immediately立即，立刻；直接地,directly直接地；立即；马上,instantly,hardly/scarcely几乎skesl不when,no soonerthanevery time,each time,every year,each year,the first/second/last time,the day,any time,by the time,every/each time, 完成句子，总结when的用法1. when the film ended(当电影结束时)，the people went back.When I lived there(当我住在那里的时候)，I used to go to the seashore.总结：when引导的时间状语从句，其谓语动词可以是延续的，也可以是瞬间的，可用于主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作。2. We were having a class when someone broke in(突然有人闯了进来).We were about to set off when it began to rain.(这时开始下雨了)总结：相当于and at this/that time.意思为“正在、刚要这、那时（突然）” 常用于以下句式：be doing/be about to do sth/be on the point of 正要.的时候doing+when3. It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walk there in five minutes.How can he get good grades when he wont study?总结：“既然”，相当于since,considering that. PRACTICE1. We were swimming in the lake A_suddenly the storm started.(北京春) A.when B.while C.until D.before2.He was about to tell me the secret D someone patten him on the shoulder.(上海)A.as B.until C.while D.when3.He transplanted the little tree to the garden _B_it was the best time for it .(上海)A.where B.when C.that D.until4.Did Jack come back early last night?(福建) _Yes.It was not yet eight oclock_B_he arrived home.A.before B.when C.that D.untilWhile1. Please dont talk so loud while others are working. 当时(与同时，在期间)2. While I accept the problem is difficult,I dont think I wont work it out. 虽然3. Some people waste food while others havent enough. 而/却猜测词义，as用法小结1. As I left the house,I forgot the key .当2. As I get older,I get more optimistic. 随着3. He hurried home,looking behind as he went. 一边(他匆匆忙忙回家一边走一边回头望)4. As the weather is so bad,we have to stay home. 由于(原因)5. You can do it as you like. 像/按照（方式）6. Old as he is,he is still energetic. ,endetk 尽管（让步）7. He speaks English as fluently as a native speaker.像一样（比较）As用法小结1.引导时间状语从句：强调同时发生或紧接着发生，动作无先后。1)当时候 2）一边一边 3)随着2.引导原因状语从句：由于3.引导方式状语从句：像，如4.引导让步状语从句：虽然5.引导比较状语从句;asas和一样6.引导定语从句：如，像7.介词：作为连接词when,while,as的用法区别1. When/While he was eating his lunch,the doorbell rang.When I stopped my car,a man came up to me.小结：while引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词必须是可延续的，而when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词是可以延续的，也可以是表短暂性动作的动词。2. When you have finished your work,you may have a rest.小结：从句动作发生在主句动作之前时，只能用when引导这个从句，不可用as或while.3.When/While/As I was walking down the street,I came across an old friend of mine.小结：如果主句表示的是短暂动作，而从句用延续性动作的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作时，三者可互换使用。用while,when,as填空1. When/While/As I was walking down the street,I noticed a police car in front of the store.2. When John arrived,I was cooking lunch.3. As he grew older,he lost interest in everything except gardening.4. How can he get grades when he wont study?5. I was wandering through the street when I caught sight of忽然看见 a tailors shop.6. While the grandparents love the children,they are strict strkt 严格with them.till,until和notuntil观察句子，找出用法。1. You may stay here until the rain stops.2. I didnt leave until he came.3. Until you told me I have no idea of it.4. It was not until he came that I left.5. Not until you told me did I have any idea of ita)till 和until译为“直到.为止”，not till/until译为:直到.才b)用于肯定句：主句谓语动词必须是延续性动词，意为”某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”。c)用于否定句：主句谓语动词必须是非延续性动词，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”。d)Until可以用于句首，而till不可以。e)在强调句型中，not until两词不可分开；not until放在句首时，主句要倒装。Before用法小结1. We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land。才2. We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired.还没有/不到就.3. Please write it down before you forget it.趁（还未）4. Before I could get in a word, he had measured me.还没来得及含有Before的句型结构:1.before和after引导的时间状语从句，before强调主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前，而after强调主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。2.It will be/was +段时间+before(过多久才)It will be two years before(还要过两年)he leaves the country.It was a long time(过了很长一段时间)before he got to sleep again.3.It will be/was +not +段时间+before(不多久就)It was not long before he came back.Since用法1.I have return home four times since I came here.2.She has been working here since he left school.3.I have seen her twice since he lived here.4.It is some years since the war broke out.5.It was some years since I had seen her.总结：a) Since引导状语从句意为“自从”，从句的谓语动词一般是非延续性动词，主句的谓语动词是延续性或者反复发生的动作。主句时态为现在完成时，从句时态为一般过去时。b) It is+some time+since+didc) It was+some time+since+had done时间状语从句其它引导词小结：1. the moment,the minute,the instant,immediately,directly,instantly,hardlywhen,scarcelywhen,no soonerthan等可引导时间状语从句，相当于as soon as的意思。They rushed out of the room immediately they heard a loud noise.2. 在hardlywhen,scarcely.when.no sooner.that等引导的从句中，如果hardly或no sooner或scarcely置于句首，句子必须用部分倒装结构。Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.=I had hardly got home when it began to rain.3. 一些含有time的名词短语，如：every time,each time,next time,by the time等，以及the day, the year,the morning等，也可以引导一个时间状语从句。The day he returned home,his father was already dead.Next time you come,please bring your dictionary.PRACTICE1. He made a mistake,but then he corrected the situation_c_it got worse.(北京)A.until B.when C.before D.as2.Scientists say it may be five or six years _c_it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.（福建）A.since B.after C.before D.when3.-Why didnt you tell him about the meeting？（四川）-He rushed out of the room_a_I could say a word.A.before B.until C.when D.after4.It is almost five years _b_we saw each other last time.(北京)A.before B.since C.after D.because 5. I had been looking for the book for two days_ I found it at last.a. until b. when c. before d. while.答c. 这里的before 意为“过了（多久）才-”。本句意为“这本书我找了两天才找到”。其他选项中，a项最具迷惑性， 但此项不对，因为在until/not-until 的句型中，until 前面一般不接表示具体的一段时间状语，而此题中有for two days 的具体时间状语。( A ) 6 They didnt start the work _ their teacher came back.A. until B. while C. as soon as D. if7.Those passengers will wait here_ the bus arrives.b. until b. because c. though d. as答a. 根据题意只能选a.8.Hardly had we reached home _ it began to rain.c. before b. than c. as soon as d. when.答d. hardly -when 是固定用法，表示“一-就-”9.No sooner had we arrived at the cinema_ the film began.d. than b. before c. when d. as soon asa.no sooner-than-