Key sentences for book 5 U 1(五级一到四单元重点句子).docx

Key sentences for book 5 U 14U1Section A1. With the possible exception of the church, few institutions have changed as little as those charged with the formal education of the next generation. (L. 3-5, Para. 1) 可能除了教堂以外，很少有机构像主管下一代孩子正规教育的学校那样缺乏变化了。2. In modern society children have access to a range of media that would have seemed like a miracle in an earlier era. (L. 6-8, Para. 2) 在现代社会，孩子们有机会接触广泛的媒体，而在早些年代这些媒体简直就像是奇迹3. The visitor from the past, who would readily recognize todays classroom, would have trouble relating to the out-of-school world of a 10-year-old today. (L. 8-9, Para. 2) 来自过去的参观者一眼就能辨认出现在的课堂，但很难适应现今一个10岁孩子的校外世界。4. Scarcely ignorant of these trends, many schools now have computers and networking capacity. To some extent, these technological accessories have been absorbed into the life of the school, though often they simply deliver the old lessons in a more convenient and efficient format. (L. 21-24, Para. 5) 许多学校当然不能漠视这种趋势，于是也配备了计算机和网络。在某种程度上，这些科技辅助设施已被吸纳到校园生活中，尽管他们往往只是用一种更方便、更有效的模式教授旧课5. All students may receive a curriculum tailored to their needs, learning style, pace, and record of success with earlier materials and lessons. (L. 27-28, Para. 6) 所有学生都有可能得到符合自身需要的、适合自己学习方法和进度，并充分考虑他们以往的学习成绩的课程设置。6. Computer technology puts all the information in the world at ones fingers, quite literally. This is both a blessing and a curse. (L. 29-30, Para. 7) 毫不夸张地说，计算机科技将世界上所有的信息置于人们的指尖。这既是幸事又是灾难。7. there are no reliable ways to distinguish sense from the distorted facts and downright nonsense common on the net. (L. 36-37, Para. 8) 现在还没有将网络上十分普遍的被歪曲的事实和纯粹的胡言乱语与真实信息区别开来的可靠手段。 现在还没有任何可靠的手段可以把网络上十分普遍的被歪曲的事实和纯粹的胡言乱语与真实信息区别开来。8. Identifying the true, the beautiful, and the good and which of these truths, beauties, or goods are worth knowing constitutes a formidable challenge. (L. 38-39, Para. 8) 要识别出真的、美的、好的信息，并挑出其中哪些是值得知晓的，这对人们构成了巨大的挑战。9. Todays situation, with everyone having instantaneous access to millions of sources, is without precedent. (L. 42-43, Para. 9) 而今天的形势则是，每个人都可以即时获取数以百万计的信息源，这种情况是史无前例的。10. In the absence of precedent, adolescents will have to prepare themselves for rapidly changing “career paths” and life situations. (L. 59-60, Para. 13) 由于没有先例，青少年们只有自己为快速变化的“事业之路”和生活状况作准备。11. Some authorities will insist that these findings be applied in specific cases, while others will vigorously object to any decisions made on the basis of genetic information. (L. 68-70, Para. 16) 一些权威人士坚持认为这些发现应该应用于特定的情况之中，而另一些人则极力反对在基因信息基础上所作的任何决定12. Teachers and parents may face moral dilemmas that would in earlier times have been restricted to science fiction. (L. 71-72, Para. 16) 教师和家长将面对以往只在科幻小说中出现的道德上的两难窘境。Section B1. As teachers, we wanted so much to believe in ourselves, to make that difference, that we never noticed we were nothing more than factory workers. (L. 19-20, Para. 6) 作为老师，我们是渴望相信自己，渴望做出成绩，以至于我们从没意识到我们只不过是工厂的工人而已。2. We did not want to admit that this system, whose business it was to nourish minds and mold dreams, was barely more than a 19th century factory where our students collected basic skills on an assembly line. （L.20-23, Para. 6） 我们不想承认这个以培养思想和创造梦想为己任的体制只不过是一个19世纪的工厂，我们的学生不过是在流水线上积累基本技能而已3. The voice suggests, I need intensive training, more than a weekend symposium or after-school meetings, to learn how to implement new policies in my class or to set up authentic demonstrations of proficiency. (L. 37-39, Para. 11) 这个声音建议：我需要强化训练，而不仅仅是周末研讨会或课后的会议，以便学会如何在我们班中实施新方针或真实地演示学生的熟练程度。4. The next day, the man wore his new suit, using all the hand and chin “adjustments”. (L. 40, Para. 12) 第二天，那位顾客穿上了新的西服，他用双手和下巴做“调整”。5. Only if we act from a voice that reflects our worth, will education see the changes it has been seeking for so many decades. Then, and only then, will we be able to stand tall and proud, worthy of the name “teacher”. (L. 46-49, Para. 13) 只有当我们按照反映我们价值的声音行事时，教育才会发生它几十年来一直寻求的变革。 那时，只有那时，我们才能昂首挺立，无愧于教师的称号。6. I cant implement new critical thinking programs, set up cooperative learning groups, meet with parents, fill out form after form and stagger home night after night with still three hours of work to do. (L. 53-55, Para. 15) 我无法执行新的严谨和富于理性的教学方案，建立合作性的学习小组，会见家长，填写一张又一张的表格，然后每晚还要带着尚未完成的3小时的工作量蹒跚回家。 7. One author says, “To be ourselves causes us to be exiled by many others, but to comply with what others want causes us to be exiled from ourselves.” （L. 68-7, Para. 20） 一位作家说：“我行我素回遭他人舍弃，仰承他人意志却会舍弃自我。” U 2Section A1. Men have wanted one without the other for thousands of years, and have been invariably been disappointed. (L. 2-3, Para. 1) 几千年以来，人们一直都想要长寿，不要变老，然而他们总是失望。2. Writers have constantly imagined worlds where people lived to extraordinary ages while holding on to their youthful looks and vigor by various means, mostly foul. (L. 10-12, Para. 2) 许多作家总是幻想着有可以长命百岁的福地，在那里，人们以各种方法，多数是旁门左道的招数，保持着他们的青春和活力。3. In the real world too, people are tempted to try all kinds of disgusting things, from bathing in tubs of warm mud to receiving injections of monkey glands, all in the hope of foiling the negative effects of ageing. (L. 13-15, Para. 2)在现实世界里，人们也禁不住试用各种各样令人厌恶的方法，如在装满温热泥浆的浴缸里洗澡、注射猴子的腺体等，以抑制衰老的负面影响。4. Though the probability of living to old age has risen sharply, the individual human lifespan set by nature has remained much the same through most of recorded history. (L. 16-19, Para. 3)虽然长寿的可能性已经明显加大了，但是在绝大多数有记载的历史时期内，自然界赋予人类的寿命并没有多大变化。5. The big achievement of modern times is that, in developed countries at least, most people are now well enough off to reach the age they were designed for. (L. 23-24, Para. 4)现代的一个重大成就是多数人因为生活境遇好而能够活到天年，至少在发达国家是这样的。6. No longer do they die in large numbers in the first year of life, or later from infectious diseases and medical problems such as ruptured appendix, or suffer from hunger, or work themselves to death. (L. 24-26, Para. 4)在出生后的第一年里，婴儿不再会大量死亡，在随后的日子里人们也不会因为传染病或者像阑尾破裂这样的医疗问题而死亡，也不会因为过度饥饿或过度劳累而死亡。7. The current emphasis in age research is on finding ways to ensure that the rising number of people who achieve the maximum lifespan do so in optimum health, not just die after extra years of chronic illness and decay. (L. 29-31, Para. 5)目前衰老研究的重点是寻求有效的方法，确保日益增多的达到最大寿限的人能够在最佳的健康状况下实现长寿，而不是仅仅在慢性病和体力衰退的折磨下再多活几年。8. Much of the advice handed out is simple common sense: adhere to a healthy lifestyle, eat and drink in moderation, do not smoke, take regular exercise but dont over do it. (L. 31-33, Para. 5)人们得到的多数忠告都是一些简单的常识：坚持一种健康的生活方式；饮食适度；不吸烟；经常锻炼，但是不要过量9. But even for those who stick to the rules, all that a healthy lifestyle can do is to improve their chances of staying in reasonable shape for their age; it will not slow down the ageing process. (L. 42-44, Para. 8) 但是，即便是对那些遵循这些忠告的人来说，健康的生活方式的作用也只不过是使他们更有机会保持就其年龄而言合理的健康状况，而不会减缓衰老的过程10. The only experiments on laboratory animals that have definitely shown a life-lengthening effect have involved subjecting rats and mice to a severely restricted diet. (L. 45-47, Para. 8)惟一显示的确能延长寿命的实验是用实验室动物进行的，受试的大家鼠和小家鼠要接受极其严格的饮食限制。11. The process of ageing is a complex matter in which many different genes appear to be involved, but in time it may become possible to use gene therapy to slow down ageing, if not eliminate it. (L. 58-60, Para. 10).衰老的过程是一个复杂的事情，涉及到许多不同的基因。但是，即使人们不能消除衰老，最终可能也能够用基因疗法延缓衰老。12. Even were there shelter and food, these multitudes of the super-old would face a grim life, unless they could survive without extra medical care and remain fit enough to go on and on working, to avoid having to be maintained by a diminishing minority of younger people. (L. 66-69, Para. 12)即使他们食宿无忧，这一大群一大群的超老年人也将面临非常艰难的生活，除非无需额外的医疗照顾就能够生存，而且能够保持足以继续工作的健康水平，他们才能避免依靠数量不断减少的年纪较轻的少数人群体来抚养。13. Moreover, old age is the final scene, as it were, in lifes drama, from which we ought to escape when we grow weary and, certainly, when we have had our fill. (L. 71-73, Para. 13)而且，老年可以说是人生戏剧中的最后一幕，当我们疲倦时，当我们已经饱尝了人生的一切之后，我们应该从这一幕中消失。Section B1. Gene therapy has developed to the stage where at least one scientist is on the verge of testing the replacement of faulty DNA in a human embryo. (L. 1-2, Para. 1) 基因治疗已经发展到至少有一名科学家接近于对人体胚胎内有缺陷的脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)的替代进行测设的阶段了。2. In each case, his genetic therapy would in all likelihood affect the genes in the germ cells of his research subjects, altering the DNA of their future children. (L. 11-13, Para. 3) 无论哪一种，他的基因疗法都完全可能影响到研究对象的生殖细胞的基因，改变他们未来孩子的DNA3. He and other scholars also worry that by polishing Andrews technology doctors will eventually be able to engineer babies for attractive traits, rather than just curing disease. (L. 29-31, Para. 7) 他与其他学者还担心，将安德鲁斯的技术改进后，医生最终能够操纵培育出具有诱人特征的婴儿，而不仅仅是治病。4. Closer at hand is the risk that interfering with genes before birth might culminate in a succession of serious birth defects, scientists say. (L. 31-32, Para. 7) 科学家认为，在婴儿出生之前对基因进行干预也许会引起一系列严重先天缺陷, 这个风险更具有迫切性。 5. Many people also denounce the approaching germ line therapies and accuse scientists of “playing God”, or tampering with the “wisdom of evolution”, or violating the “integrity of our genetic heritage”. (L. 41-43, Para. 9) 许多人还谴责即将出现的生殖细胞系疗法，并指责科学家“当上帝”，或擅自改变“自然进化过程”，或破坏“人类基因遗传的完整性” 。6. The problem is that existing gene therapies for many inherited diseases have worked only partially or not at all. (L. 48-49, Para.11) 问题在于，治疗许多遗传疾病的现有基因疗法仅仅部分有效，或者根本无效7. A key worry of many scholars is the unregulated context in which new technologies for conceiving children now emerge in the United States. (L. 59-60, Para. 12) 许多学者最担心的是多种新的受孕技术出现在美国不受法规约束的社会环境中。8. When Congress abolished federal funding for human embryo research in 1995, it also made such research exempt from Federal reviews and controls, putting this research in the unregulated hands of entrepreneurs. (L. 62-64, Para. 12) 1995年，美国国会取消了对人类胚胎研究的联邦基金，这类研究不再列入联邦政府的审查和控制范围之内，从而使得这类研究落入无法制约的企业家手里。Unit 3(A)1. Sales promotion consists of those promotional activities other than advertising, personal selling, and publicity. As such, any promotional activities that do not fall under the other three activities of the promotion mix are considered sales promotion. (L. 1 3, Para. 1)产品促销是指除广告、个人销售和宣传以外的推销活动。严格地说，不属于以上三种结合在一起的推销活动都被认为是促销。2.To encourage this new eating habit, the company used samples and demonstrations in conjunction with a heavy advertising campaign. (L. 11 13, Para. 2)为了培养这种新的早餐习惯，该公司发动了强大的广告攻势，同时开展了样品品尝和示范活动。3. Sales promotion is not restricted to stimulating demand at the consumer level. It may be used as a stimulus to magnify business peoples support as well. (L. 28 29, Para. 4)促销不仅限于刺激消费者的需求，也可以鼓励中间商加大对销售产品的支持。 4. If the same decision-making pattern is prevalent outside the United States, sales promotion in these localities should prove to be just as indispensable. (L. 46 48, Para. 6)如果这种根据临时决定购买的方式能在美国以外的其他地方盛行开来，那么，促销活动在其他地方将被证明同样是必不可少的。5. Sales promotion is effective in helping consumers become acquainted with a new product when it is first introduced to a market. (L. 49 50, Para. 7)某一产品初次进入一个市场时，促销活动可以有效地帮助消费者了解这种产品。 6.It also works well with existing products that are highly competitive and similar to each other, especially when they have a low unit-price and high turnover. Under such conditions, sales promotion is needed to gain that extra competitive advantage. (L. 50 53, Para. 7)同时，对于现有产品，如果产品本身极具竞争力，互相之间无明显差别，尤其是如果这种产品单价较低而且流通量大，促销活动会同样有效。 在这种条件下，就需要以促销来赢得 额外竞争优势。7. The techniques of sales promotion can sometimes collide with psychological barriers, and this fact is applicable to shop owners as well as consumers. (L. 69 70, Para. 10)促销手段有时会与心理障碍发生冲突， 这一情况在店主和消费者中都存在。8 Consumers, on the other hand, may view promotions such as money-back guarantees with suspicion, thinking that something must be wrong with the product. (L. 72 74, Para. 10)另一方面，消费者可能对诸如返还款项的促销承诺心存怀疑，他们认为，这样的产品肯定有问题。 9. Much like many other marketing aspects, sales-promotion methods may have to be amended. The techniques employed, to be effective, should be consistent with the local preferences. (L. 75 77, Para. 11)如同营销活动的其他诸多方面一样，促销手段也须改进。 要使所用手段产生效果，就应使其迎合当地人的喜好。 Unit 3(B)1.Design details are measured in millimetres, for the designers want you to see far more than a container and a label. You are buying a personality, an attitude, perhaps even a set of beliefs. (L. 9 11, Para. 3)而包装设计更精确到以毫米计，因为，设计者希望你看到的远远不止包装和标签。人们购物时，实际是在认同一种个性、一种态度，甚至是一种信仰。2.A forerunner in the study of peoples emotional response to packages was Louis Cheskin, a specialist in the psychology of marketing who began his research in the 1930s. (L. 12 13, Para. 4)研究消费者对商品包装的情感反应，其先驱是路易斯切斯金，他是于20世纪30年代即开始研究市场营销心理的专家。3.He found, for instance, that the look of the package has a gigantic impact on how biscuits taste or how soaps are perceived to clean. (L. 23-25, Para. 6)发现之一是，包装外观对于消费者认识饼干口味和肥皂的洗涤效果有着巨大的影响。4.As the authoritative textbook on the subject notes, “Consumers generally do not differentiate between a product and its package. Many products are packages and many packages are products.” (L. 38 39, Para. 9)这一领域的一部权威教材这样写道：“一般而言，消费者并不区别产品和包装。在他们看来，往往是产品即包装，而包装即产品。”5.Color is also an integral part of packaging. Studies of eye movement have shown that color triggers the fastest response of any element of a package. (L. 45 46, Para. 11)色彩也是包装的有机组成部分。关于眼球转动的研究表明，包装的各种要素中，色彩所引起的反应最为迅速。6.Take, for example, a popular brand of vegetable juice. For decades the general arrangement on the label has stayed more or less the same: a horizontal array of tomatoes, surrounded by leaves and highlighted with vertical carrots. (L. 47 49, Para. 12)以一种颇受欢迎的品牌的蔬菜汁为例。数十年来，其标签上的总体布局基本保持不变：西红柿水平排开，四周绿叶环绕，胡萝卜竖直摆放更显夺目。7.Cheskin thought that the most noticeable color was yellow, which for some products has negative associations and in other cases may just be irritating. (L. 56 57, Para. 14)切斯金指出，最引人注目的颜色是黄色。 而黄色用在某些产品身上，有时会产生消极的联想，有时则会使人烦躁。8.Feminine forms circles and ovals that denote completeness, softness and inclusiveness provide the fundamental themes for packages, because these forms have the most positive associations. (L. 63 65, Para. 16)具有阴柔美的图案，如圆形和椭圆形意味着完美、柔和、无所不包，这正是包装的根本主题，因为这些图案能够产生最积极的联想。9.Thus, circles are played against rectangular shapes or bold lettering: the oval of one companys trademark is split by a torch and filled with the companys name. (L. 66 67, Para. 16)于是，圆形往往同矩形或者粗体字母合用以形成对照： 一家公司在用作商标的椭圆中间插入火炬，并镶嵌公司的名字。10.Buying things offers compensation for the deficiencies we feel in ourselves. We may know they are empty symbols, but we pursue these bright trifles because they console and satisfy us. (L. 74 76, Para. 18)通过购物，我们可以弥补感觉到的某一方面的不足，以求心理平衡。 我们明知这些东西只是空洞的符号，但我们却追求这些鲜艳夺目的小玩艺儿，因为它们能给我们带来安慰，带来满足。U 4Section A1.To work for mere survival is desperate. To work for a better life for ones children and grandchildren confers on the labor a fierce dignity. (L. 10 11, Para. 3) 仅为活命/生存而工作是他们的迫切需要。然而，为了让子孙们生活得更好而工作，这样的动机却赋予劳动一种强烈的尊严。2. The generation of the Great Depression is retiring and dying off, and todays younger workers, though sometimes laid o