【11年高考2004-2014】---名词.doc

【11年高考】2004-2014年全国各地高考英语试题分类汇编：名词1（2014安徽卷29） Why not buy a second-hand car first if you dont have enough money for a new one? Thats a good_.A. saying B. question C. suggestion D. account【考点】考察名词词义辨析【答案】C【解析】本题中名词saying谚语；question问题；suggestion建议；account账户，描述；句义：如果你没有足够的钱买新的汽车，为什么不先买一辆二手的汽车呢？这是一个很好的建议。根据第一句话中的Why not.?可知是在提出建议。故C正确。2（2014福建卷）26. Could you tell me the_ of making such tasty cakes? Well, I just follow the directions in the cookbook. A. feature B. plan C. cost D. trick【考点】考察名词词义辨析【答案】D【解析】本题考察的是名词词义辨析。Feature特点；特征；plan计划；cost成本，费用；trick .戏法，把戏；计谋，诀窍；骗局；方法；句义：你能告诉我们做出如此可口的蛋糕的方法吗？我只是按照食谱上的说明方法。根据句义可知前者询问的是做蛋糕的方法。故D正确。六（2014湖北卷）21. Her _ for writing was a desire for women to get the right to higher education.A. motivationB. qualificationC. talentD. technique 【考点】考察名词词义辨析及上下文理解【答案】A【解析】本题考察的是名词词义辨析。A动机，动力，诱因；B资格；C才能，才干；D技术；技巧；句意：她写作的动力是为了让女性得到更高教育的权利。根据本句后半句a desire for women to get the right to higher education可知叙述的是她为什么要进行写作，也就是她写作的动机。故A正确。【试题延伸】名词的词义辨析是湖北卷的必考点，要放在上下文的语境中进行，注意上下文的语义的串联以及逻辑关系的推理，特别要注意一些名词的固定搭配以及名词的深层次的含义的区别。尤其是一些拼写较为相似的名词在平时要加强辨析。【举一反三】Due to the widespread _ of this medical technology，more diseases can be discovered and treated at an early stage.Apresentation Bapplication Cqualification Dappreciation【答案】B【解析】试题分析：Apresentation呈现，Bapplication申请，运用，Cqualification资格，资历，Dappreciation欣赏，感激，句意：由于这个医学科技的广泛使用，更多的疾病在早期被发现被治疗。根据句意选B。七（2014湖北卷）22. When Richard said, “You are much more agreeable and prettier now,” Joans face turned red at the unexpected _.A. command B. comparisonC. compliment D. contribution 【考点】考察名词词义辨析和语境串联【答案】C【解析】本题考察名词词义辨析。A命令，指挥；B比较；C恭维，赞美，敬意；贺词；D贡献，捐助，捐赠；敬意：当Richard说：现在的你更令人愉快更漂亮。由于这个没有预料到恭维的Joan的脸变红了。根据引号里的“You are much more agreeable and prettier now,”可知这是Rechard对Joan的赞美。根据 句意说明C正确。【举一反三】The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients, so he has a very good_.A. expectation B. reputation C. contribution D. civilization答案B考点名词辨析。解析reputation 表示名声而expectation是期望的意思。Contribution是贡献的意思。Civilization是文明的意思。八（2014江苏卷）27. She was put under house arrest two years ago but remained a powerful in last years election.A. symbolB. portraitC. identityD. statue【考点】考察名词词义辨析【答案】A【解析】本题考察的是名词的词义辨析。A象征；标志；符号；记号；代表人物；B肖像；identity身份；statue雕像，塑像；句意：虽然两年前就已遭软禁，她在去年的选举中仍然是势力强大的代表人物。故A正确。【举一反三】The speech from the new government is a _ that major changes are on the way.A. warningB. symbolC. goalD. signal【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：来自于新政府的讲话是一个信号，那就是主要的改革正在进行。Warning警告；symbol符号；goal目标；signal信号，选D。十四（2014天津卷）3.Wind is now the worlds fastest growing _ of power.source B. sense C. result D. root【考点】考察名词词义辨析【答案】A【解析】本题考察的是名词词义辨析。Source根源，来源，源头；sense感觉，知觉；result结果；root根，根源；原因，本质；祖先；句义：风力是现在世界上增长速度最快的电力来源。根据句义可知souce of power指电力来源。故A正确。【举一反三】Whats the _ of having a public open space where you cant eat, drink or even simply hang out for a while? A. sense B. matter C. case D. opinion答案A考点本题考查名词辨析。解析本题所设的语境是：有这样一个你在那里不能吃、不能喝甚至不能动的公共开放场所有什么意义呢？A项sense “感觉, 思考, 意义”；B项matter “事件, 问题, 原因”；C项case “事, 案例, 容器”；D项opinion “意见, 看法, 主张”。Whats the sense of？“有什么意义”四个选项中只能A项符合语境。十六（2014浙江卷 ）6. We most prefer to say yes to the _ of someone we know and like. A. attempts B. requests C. doubts D. promises【考点】考察名词词义辨析【答案】B【解析】名词attempt尝试；企图；request请求；doubt怀疑；promise诺言；我们更喜欢同意那些我们了解和喜欢的人的请求。根据句意说明B项request与上下文语境相符。故B正确。【举一反三】I cant repair these until tomorrow, Im afraid.Thats OK, theres _.A. no problem B. no wonderC. no doubtD. no hurry答案D考点本题考查名词词组。解析根据第一句的意思可知 “说话者担心来不及修好”, 所以对方劝慰他不用急。no problem意思是 “没问题”, 通常单独使用或用Thats no problem；(Its) no wonder意思是 “难怪”；There is no doubt意思是 “毫无疑问”。04全国卷If you buy more than ten, they knock 20 pence off_. A. a price B. price C. the price D. prices答案C考点本题考冠词和名词。解析全句合理句意应是：如果你买超过10个, 他们从（现在标出的）价格上减价20便士。此处价格是特指的定价, 所以C项最佳。04全国The faces of four famous American presidents on Mount Rushmore can be seen from a of 60 miles.A.length B.distance C.way D.space答案B考点本题考查名词辨析。解析length长度；distance距离；way道路；space空间, 太空。根据句子的意思, 答案选B项, 指离那儿60英里远的地方。04天津I keep medicines on the top shelf,out of the childrens_.A.reach B.hand C.hold D.place答案A考点本题考查名词辨析。解析A意思是：够得着的地方；B是：指示, 掌管；C是：控制, 照管；D是：地方。根据句意, 目的是不让孩子们拿着, out of ones reach “某人够不着的地方”。所以答案选A。 04上海The environmentalists said wild goats_ on the vast grasslands was a good indication of the better environment.A.escape B.absence C.attendance D.appearance答案D考点本题考查名词辨析。解析escape：逃跑, absence：缺席, 根据句子后面的good indication of the better environment可将A、B排除；attendance：出勤, 一般指接受邀请或要求而主动参加, 与题意不符, 故只有appearance：出现, 符合题意。句子意思为：环境学家说野山羊存大草原的出现说明环境变好了。因此, 答案选D。 04上海In dealing with public relations,we should make every effort to prevent the_ in personality.A.contact B.contrast C.connection D.conflict答案D考点本题考查名词辨析。解析contact：接触, contrast：对比, connection：联系, conflict：冲突。句子的意思为：在处理公共关系时, 我们应努力防止人格冲突。04上海Chinese arts have won the_ of a lot of people outside China.A.enjoyment B.appreciation C.entertainment D.reputation答案B考点本题考查名词辨析。解析enjoyment：满意, 快乐；appreciation：欣赏、赏识；entertainment：娱乐；reputation：名声。根据句子的意思, 答案应该选B, 意思为：中国艺术享誉海外。04湖北Dont leave matches or cigarettes on the table within_ of little children. A. hand B. reachC. space D. distance答案B考点本题考查名词辨析。解析hand支配；reach够得着的地方；space空间；distance距离。with（the）reach of是一个常用的介词短语搭配, 意思是 “在的手能够得着的地方”。根据句意,答案选B项。04上海春The village is far away from here indeed. Its walk. A.a four hour B.a four hoursC.a four-hours D.a four hours答案D考点本题考查名词辨析。解析冠词、数词、量词和名词连用有两种形式：一种是a+数词+量词的名词所有格+名词, 如果数词大于1, 量词要用复数形式, 如：a four miles journey；另一种是：a+数词. 量词+名词, 这时量词用单数形式。如：a four-mile walk。 04上海春I have read the material several times but it doesnt make any to me. A.meaning B.importance C.sense D.significance答案C考点本题考查名词辨析。解析meaning意义；含义；意图importance价值；重要；重大；傲慢sense感觉, 官能；观念；道理；理智significance意义；重要性；意思05天津Bill was doing a lot of physical exercise to build up his_. A. ability B. force C. strength D. mind答案C考点本题考查名词辨析。解析build up ones strength使自己强壮。05上海He proved himself a true gentleman and the beauty of his _ was seen at its best when he worked with others.A. temper B. appearance C. talent D. character答案D考点本题考查名词辨析。解析character性格。当他与别人一起工作时他的性格展现出最好的一面。temper脾气；appearance外貌；talent智力。05辽宁The head office of the bank is in Beijing, but it has _ all over the country. A. companies B. branches C. organizations D. businesses答案B考点本题考查名词辨析。解析branch分部。在全国各地有许多分部。company公司；organization组织；business生意。05浙江I am sure David will be able to find the library-he has a pretty good_ of direction.A. idea B. feeling C. experience D. sense答案D考点本题考查名词辨析。解析sense of direction方向感。根据所提供的情景 “I am sure David will be able to find the library”可判断出他有良好的方向感。feeling感觉, 除指身体的感觉外, 还可指思想、感情上的感觉。05安徽My _ of this weekends activity is going out with some good friends. A. idea B. opinion C. mind D. thought答案A考点本题考查名词辨析。解析idea指日常生活中的想法、意见, 一般较具体、清楚。opinion指对某事的具体看法或意见。mind智力, 精神。thought指经过充分考虑和推理后形成的意见, 可更全面、更系统。05上海春Do you have any _ of what life would be like if we lived on other planets?A.plan B.idea C.impression D.imagination 答案B考点本题考查名词辨析。解析你可曾想过, 如果我们生活在其他星球上, 生活会是什么样子的?05上海春Beginners are expected to be familiar with the _of the reading material before they come to the class.A.condition B.concept C.contest D.content答案D考点本题考查名词辨析。解析A. 条件、情形；B. 观念、概念；C. 竞赛；D. 内容。本句意思是：“初学者应该在上课前熟悉阅读材料的内容。”因此, 答案应选D。05上海春I have read the material several times but it doesnt make any _ to me.A meaning B. importance C. sense D. significance答案C考点本题考查名词辨析。解析make sense 有意义, 固定短语。05上海春Usually a childs behaviour is a _ of his family environmentA. recognition B. reflection C. return D. record答案B考点本题考查名词辨析。解析reflection n. 映像。通常一个孩子的行为是他家庭环境的反映。05上海春We need to consider what _ we will be using for language training.A. abilities B. appliances C. facilities D. qualities答案C考点本题考查名词辨析。解析facility复数形式表示：设施, 设备。06全国It is no arguing with Bill because he will never change his mind.A. use B. help C.time D.way答案A考点本题考查名词辨析。解析it is no use后接动词+ing形式或动词+ing形式短语表示做某事没有用。it作形式主语, 接动词+ing形式或动词+ing形式短语作真正的主语。help意为 “帮助”。time意为 “时间”。way意为 “方法”。06天津Finding information in todays world is easy. The _ is how you can tell if the information you get is useful or not.A. ability B. competition C. challenge D. knowledge答案C考点本题考查名词辨析。解析challenge意为 “挑战, 艰巨任务, 难题”, 由于我们现在正处于信息爆炸的时代, 在当今时代中找到信息是一件很容易的事, 但区分出这些信息是否有用的确是一个难题。ability意为 “能力”。competition意为 “竞赛”。knowledge意为 “知识”。06上海When Jane began to take swimming lessons, her main _ was the fear of water. A. evidence B. crisis C. obstacle D. danger答案C考点本题考查名词辨析。解析本题考查名词obstacle(障碍)。学游泳的主要心理障碍是怕水, 这是-个常识。06辽宁School children must be taught how to deal with dangerous .A.states B.conditions C.situations D.positions答案C考点本题考查名词辨析。解析situation意为 “形势, 局面；情况”, 指各种具体情况综合起来的状态, 多指危急或重大的事态, 强调外部因素对该事态的影响。表示要教给学生如何处理危险情况。state意为 “状况, 情形, 情况, 形势”, 指人或物在外观、心理、健康、环境等方面的情形, 即人或物存在或所处的状态, 但不如condition具体。condition意为 “状态, 状况, 情形”, 用作单数形式, 表示人或物所处的真实具体状态, 尤指内在状态, 可与state替用, 用作复数形式, 笼统地表示一般的状态。position意为 “位置；方位；地点”。06浙江If you like I can do some shopping for you. That s a very kind _. A. offer B. service C. point D. suggestion答案A考点本题考查名词辨析。解析本题可以用排除法。首先service是不可数名词, 应该排除。另外本题问句 “如果你愿意, 我可以帮你买东西”从意思上分析是一个建议, suggestion作为提议、建议时是不可数名词, 可以排除。另外point指观点, 不符合题意。所以选A, offer, 也是提议的意思。06福建Always read the_on the bottle carefully and take the right amout of medieine.A.explanstions B.instructions C.descriptions D.introductions答案B考点本题考查名词辨析。解析nstruction意为 “说明, 须知”, 在正式场合, 指不可违背的命令, 在一般场合, 指知识性的指示或意见, 与direction相比, 语气较轻, 较委婉, 常用作复数形式。explanation意为 “解释, 注释；说明”, 指通过实例进行解释说明。description意为 “描写”, 指通过生动的语言描述某件事或某个情节。introduction意为 “引导；传入, 介绍”, 指对某种新产品进行介绍。06湖北To make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their _ and weaknesses. A. strengths B. benefits C. techniques D. values答案A考点本题考查名词辨析。解析strength意为 “力, 力量, 体力”, 常指人体或物体内存在的力, 如气力、耐力、抵抗力, 有时也可指进行某种活动的推动力。根据句意可判断出为了使体育队的成员在比赛中取得更好成绩, 教练首先要了解队员的体力和薄弱的地方。benefit意为 “利益, 好处；利润”。technique意为 “技术”。value意为 “价值”。06湖北The _on his face told me that he was angry.A. impression B. sight C. appearance D. expression答案D考点本题考查名词辨析。解析expression意为 “表情”, 根据后面 “told me”可以推断前面 “告诉我们他很生气”的应该是他 “脸上的表情”。impression是印象, sight是视觉, appearance是外貌, 这三个逻辑上都不对。06湖北At the meeting they discussed three different _to the study of mathematics.A. approaches B. means C. methods D. ways答案A考点本题考查名词辨析。解析way意为 “方式, 方法”, 可指具体的方法, 也可指抽象的方法, 多指一般的思想、行动、办事的方法, 也可指个人特殊的方法、方式等。three different ways of study of mathematics表示 “三种不同的学习数学的方式”。approach原指接近某人或某物, 也可指对待或处理的方式或方法。means用于抽象意义, 可指为达到某目的而采用的方法、计划、政策、策略等, 尤指整套的方法, 用于具体意义, 常指为达到某一目的所使用的工具、材料、机器、用具、车船等。method指具体的、系统的、有步骤的方法, 强调条理性及高效率。06广东You have been sitting on my hat and now it is badly out of .A. date B. shape C. order D. balance答案B考点本题考查名词辨析。解析out of shape是 “变型”的意思, 根据前面 “你坐在我的帽子上”可判断出帽子是 “变型”了。out of date意为 “过时”, out of order意为 “混乱”, out of balance意为 “失衡”。06江西It is said that dogs will keep you for as long as you want when you are feeling lonely. A. safety B. company C. house D. friend答案B考点本题考查名词辨析。解析本题的意思 “据说在你孤独的时候狗会陪伴在你身边”, keep you company是 “如影随形”的意思。06陕西My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was_it.A.in favour of B.in memory ofC.in honour of D.in search of答案A考点本题考查介词短语辨析。解析in favour of意为 “赞成”, 表示对建议等赞成。while表示转折, 意为 “而”, 表示我妹妹反对我的建议, 而我弟弟赞成我的建议。in honour of意为 “向表示敬意”。in memory of意为 “纪念”。in search of意为 “寻找, 寻求”。06上海春Put the _ of your tongue against your upper teeth when you produce the sound.A. tip B. top C. peak D. pole答案A考点本题考查名词辨析。解析tip “尖”（舌尖）, top顶端, peak最高峰, 顶峰, pole极。07湖北Despite such a big difference in _ towards what one eats, there is no doubt that people in the west regard the Chinese food as something special. A. point B. idea C. attitude D. sight 答案C考点本题考查名词辨析。解析point点;意义;idea主意, 念头;attitude态度, 看法;sight视力。句意为:尽管对一个人的饮食的态度有着很大的不同, 但是毫无疑问西方人把中国的饮食看作是某种特殊的东西。07上海My morning _ includes jogging in the park and reading newspapers over breakfast. A. drill B. action C. regulation D. routine 答案D考点本题考查名词辨析。解析drill操练;action行为;regulation规则, 条例;routine惯例, 常规。由句意可知D项正确。07安徽The practice of hanging clothes across the street is a common _ in many parts of the city.A. look B. sign C. sight D. appearance答案C考点本题考查名词辨析。解析sight风景;look表情;sign迹象, 现象;appearance出现, 显露。07天津One thousand dollars a month is not a fortune but would help cover my living _.A. bills B. expenses C. prices D. charges答案B考点本题考查名词辨析。解析句意为：一月1 000美元不是一笔财富, 但是能帮助支付我的生活费用。A项为 “账单”；B项为 “花费；费用”；C项为 “价格”;D项为 “价格；索价”。07陕西He and his wife are of the same ;they both want their son to go to college.A.soul B.spirit C.heart D.mind答案D考点本题考查名词辨析。解析本题考查名词词义辨析。soul心灵, 灵魂;spirit精神;heart心, 心脏;mind想法, 主意;be of the same mind为固定短语, 意为 “对看法相同, 主意一样”, 符合句意。07福建You are always full of .Can you tell me the secret?Taking plenty of exercise every day.A.power B.strength C.force D.energy答案D考点本题考查名词辨析。解析本题考查名词词义辨析。power权力, 势力；strength力气, 优势;force力, 武力;energy精力;be full of energy指 “精力旺盛”, 符合题意。07浙江Of the seven days in a week, Saturday is said to be the most popular _ for a wedding in some countries.A. way B. situation C. event D. choice答案D考点本题考查名词辨析。解析句意为:在某些国家, 一周的七天里星期六是举行婚礼最佳的日子。way方式, 方法;situation状况, 处境;event事情, 事件;choice挑选, 选择。根据题意, 应选D项。07山东I cant say which wine is best its a(n) _ of personal taste.A. affair B. event C. matter D. variety答案C考点此题考查固定搭配。a matter of .是固定搭配。解析句意：我无法说哪种酒最好这是个人口味爱好的问题。a matter of意为 “关于的问题”, 如：a matter of principle原则问题；a matter of opinion仁者见仁, 智者见智；a matter of remembering words 记几个单词的问题。A项意为 “政治事务, 私人业务”；B项意为 “重要事情、大事”；D项意为 “不同种类”。07辽宁Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a _ of exercise.A. limit B. lack C. need D. demand答案B考点本题考查名词辨析。解析a lack of缺乏。句意为：健康问题与不良的饮食习惯和缺少锻炼密切相关。08安徽To save some of the human languages before they are forgotten, the students in our school started a discussion “Save Our _” A. Sky B. Life C. Arts D. Voices答案D考点本题考查名词辨析。解析由语境可知, 此处指人类的语言, 而语言是人类说的, 因此用voices, 而不用其他选项。08福建Whats the _ of having a public open space where you cant eat, drink or even simply hang out for a while? A. sense B. matter C. case D. opinion答案A考点本题考查名词辨析。解析本题所设的语境是：有这样一个你在那里不能吃、不能喝甚至不能动的公共开放场所有什么意义呢？A项sense “感觉, 思考, 意义”；B项matter “事件, 问题, 原因”；C项case “事, 案例, 容器”；D项opinion “意见, 看法, 主张”。Whats the sense of？“有什么意义” 四个选项中只能A项符合语境。08江苏I cant repair these until tomorrow, Im afraid.Thats OK, theres _.A. no problem B. no wonderC. no doubtD. no hurry答案D考点本题考查名词词组。解析根据第一句的意思可知 “说话者担心来不及修好”, 所以对方劝慰他不用急。no problem意思是 “没问题”, 通常单独使用或用Thats no problem；(Its) no wonder意思是 “难怪”；There is no doubt意思是 “毫无疑问”。08江苏Why do you suggest we buy a new machine?Because the old one has been damaged _.A. beyond reachB. beyond repairC. beyond controlD. beyond description答案B考点本题考查名词辨析。解析根据前一句的提示可知, 只有在坏得无法修理的情况下才建议去买新的机器。故用beyond repair, 意为 “；beyond the reach of意为 “鞭长莫及”；beyond control意为 “失控”；beyond description意为 “难以言表”。08山东I bought a dress for only 10 dollars in a sale; it was a real _.A. exchangeB. bargainC. tradeD. business答案B考点本题考查名词辨析。解析bargain用作名词时, 意为 “廉价货, 便宜货”, a real bargain意为 “真便宜”。08江西-Shall we go out for a walk?- Sorry. This is not the right _ to invite me. I am too tired to walk.A. moment B. situation C. place D. chance答案A考点本题考查名词辨析。解析句意为：我们出去散散步好吗？对不起, 这不是邀请我的合适的时间, 我太累了而不想去散步。A项 “某一时刻, 片刻”；B项 “情形, 状况”；C项 “地方”；D项 “机会