江苏专转本英语模拟考卷一.doc

江苏专转本英语模拟考卷一本试卷分第1卷(客观题)和第卷(主观题)两部分。第1卷l至10页，第卷11页至13页。两卷满分150分。考试时间120分钟。第一卷(共100分)注意事项：1答第1卷前，考生务必按规定要求填涂答题卡上的姓名、准考证号等项目。2用铅笔把答题卡上相应题号中正确答案的标号涂黑。答案不涂写在答题卡上，成绩无效。Part I Reading comprehension:(共20小题,每题2分，共40分)Directions: There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, D. You should decide the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage 1It seems that fate was on the side of the Japanese. At 6:30 a.m. on 7 December a small Japanese submarine entered a prohibited area off Oahu and was sunk by destroyers and aircraft. The naval watch-officer was informed and, in his turn, informed the Chiefs-of-Staff at Pearl Harbour; but for some reason no general alert was given. More extraordinary still, it is a fact that at 7.00 a.m. the operator of a provisional detector station out in the Pacific belonging to the American Army reported a large flight of aeroplanes about 210 kilometres from Oahu to the east-northeast. An army lieutenant decided that the aeroplanes must obviously be friendly ones and took no action. An unusually cloudy sky added to Japanese luck. A routine dawn patrol of American aircraft had passed over Oahu and reported nothing. At 7:50 a.m. on that Sunday morning a great noise of approaching aircraft was heard on Oahu and at 7:55 the first bombs fell. Low-level bombers and torpedo aircraft attacked the ships in the harbour and the naval installations; high-level bombers bombed the airfields and also Honolulu some 11 kilometres away. The attacks were followed by fighter planes firing machine-guns with incendiary bullets, particularly at the planes on the airfield; some pocket submarines attacked the harbour at the same time. Just as there had been no adequate air or sea patrols, so inside Pearl Harbour no precautions against attack had been taken; warships were moored close one against another and a large pro-portion of officers and ratings were on leave and many sleeping ashore. A similar peace-time carelessness pervaded the Hickham army airfield close to Pearl Harbour and other aerodromes on the island. Before the last attack, which was made at 9:00 a.m. and which met with heavy anti-airs craft and naval gun-fire, the Japanese were able to strafe their objectives almost without resistance and the aircraft were able to return to their carriers to refuel and to return to the attack. Of the eight battleships, the Arizona, California and Utah, a target ship, were sunk outright; the Oklahoma capsized shortly after being bombed; the Nevada was set on fire and put out of action for many months; the three others were more or less seriously damaged. Considerable additional damages were done to ships, a minelayer was sunk, three cruisers damaged, two destroyers sunk and another damaged. Some 2,300 officers and men were killed and some hundreds of the nearly two thousand wounded died later. The Japanese are said to have lost 60 aircraft, whilst the Americans had 173 destroyed and over 100 damaged. 1. How was fate on the side of the Japanese?A. No general alert was given by the Chiefs-of-Staff.B. A cloudy sky covered the Japanese movement.C. Japanese submarine was able to enter a prohibited area.D. All of the above.2. What information did the naval watch-officer give his superiors at Pearl Harbour?A. A small Japanese submarine had entered a prohibited area off Oahu.B. Japanese destroyers and aircraft had entered the prohibited area off Oahu.C. The Japanese were sending their submarines into the prohibited area off Oahu.D. An unidentified submarine was sunk by destroyers and aircraft.3. What was extraordinary about the sighting of planes by the provisional detector station?A. The planes were immediately shot down.B. An army lieutenant took no action, thinking the planes were friendly.C. The planes were too far away to be seen.D. The station was supposed to be looking for ships, not planes.4. What does capsized mean?A. OverturnedB. Started its enginesC. Caught fireD. Escaped5. Why was the United States unprepared for the attack?A. The U.S. and Japan had just signed a peace treaty.B. The attack came as a complete surprise.C. All the ships of the U.S. Navy were somewhere else.D. The U.S. thought it would attack Japan first.Passage 2Joe works for a large auto-insurance company. He thought it wasnt hurt to leave the key in the truck when he filled his gas tank at a self-service gas station. But moments later, as he was paying the money, he saw the truck being driven away.In 1987, 1.6 million motor vehicles were stolen in the United States-one every 20 seconds. If current trends continue, experts predict annual (每年的) vehicle thefts (行窃) could be more than two millions by the end of the decade.Vehicles theft is a common occurrence, which has a direct impact on over four million victims a year. The cost is surprising.Many police officials blame professional thieves for the high volume (大量) of thefts. It is a major moneymaker for organized crime. Normally, stolen cars are taken to pieces and the parts are sold to individuals. But as many as 200,000 cars are smuggled (走私) out of the country every year. Most go to Latin America, the Middle East and Europe.Only about 15 percent car thefts result in an arrest, because few police departments routinely conduct in-depth auto investigations. When thieves are arrested, judges will often sentence them to probation (缓刑), not immediately put them in prison because the prisons are overcrowded with violent criminals.One exception is Michigan program that assigns 92 police officers to work full-time on the states 65,000 car theft cases a year. Since 1986, when the effort began, the states auto-theft rate has fallen from second in the nation to ninth.How can you protect your car? If you live in a high-theft area of drive an expensive model, consider a security system. It may cost anywhere from $25 to $1,000. Some systems engage automatically-simply removing the key disables (使失去能力) the fuel pump and the starter. When cars are equipped with such systems, thefts may drop by one-third. In some states, you may be able to use a device that sends radio signals, allowing stolen cars to be tracked by police.6. The passage is mainly about _.A. Michigan programB. security systemC. police departments routine jobD. vehicle theft7. The following are not the ways thieves sell the stolen cars except that they are _.A. sold to auto-insurance companyB. sold to AustraliaC. smuggled to Latin America, the Middle East and EuropeD. sold to individuals as a whole8. The author predicts the annual vehicle theft could be _ in 1989.A. 1.6 millionB. less than 2 millionC. 65,000D. over 2 million9. The way to protect your car from stealing is to _.A. notify police B. buy insurance C. have a special fuel pump and a starterD. equip a security system10. The reason judges will often sentence the thieves to probation and not immediately put them in prison is that _.A. there isnt enough evidence (证据)B. the prisons are overcrowded with violent criminalsC. vehicle theft is a criminal misdemeanor (轻罪)D. the thieves have escaped to EuropePassage 3Between the ages of six months and one year, the baby learns to laugh for essentially the same reasons he will laugh throughout his life, says Dr. Jacob Levine, associate professor of psychology at Yale University. Dr. Levien says that people laugh to express mastery over an anxiety. Picture what happens when a father tosses his child into the air. The child will probably laugh-but not the first time. In spite of his enjoyment of “flying”, he is too anxious to laugh. How does he know Daddy will catch him? Once the child realizes he will be caught, he is free to enjoy the game. But more importantly, sys Dr. Levine, the child laughs because he has mastered an anxiety.Adult laughter is more subtle, but we also laugh at what we used to fear. The feeling of achievement, or lack of it, remains a crucial factor. Giving a first dinner party is an anxious event for a new hostess? All goes well; the party is over. Now she laughs freely. Her pleasure form having proved her success is the foundation for her pleasure in recalling the evenings activities. She couldnt enjoy the second pleasure without the first, more important one-her mastery of anxiety.Laughter is a social response triggered by cues. Scientists have not determined a brain center for laugher, and they are perplexed by patients with certain types of brain damage who go into laughing fits for no apparent reason. The rest of us require company, and a reason to laugh.11.The intended audience of the passage are _. A. mental patients B. humoristsC. psychologists D. the general public12. The primary purpose of this passage is to demonstrate _.A. that we are social animalsB. why we laughC. the importance of humorD. that laughter is deceptive13.According to the passage, a six-month old laughs _.A. more frequently than an adultB. when he fells anxiousC. more subtly than an adult D. when he masters his anxiety14.Which of the following best supports the theory discussed in the passage?.A. A footballer laughs before the game starts.B. A student laughs at the mistakes made by his teacherC. A students laughs after an exam D. A guest laughs at a joke told by his host.15. Which of the following would the author agree with?A. Company tends to make us laugh moreB. We never laugh alone.C. We all laugh for a good reason.D. We laugh for the physical sensations involvedPassage 4Unless we spend money to spot and prevent asteroids (小行星) now, one might crash into Earth and destroy life as we know it, say some scientists.Asteroids are bigger versions of the meteoroids (流星) that race across the night sky. Most orbit the sun far from Earth and dont threaten us. But there are also thousands of asteroids whose orbits put them on a collision course with Earth.Buy $50 million worth of new telescopes right now. Then spend $10 million a year for the next 25 years to locate most of the space rocks. By the time we spot a fatal one, the scientists say, well have a way to change its course.Some scientists favor pushing asteroids off course with nuclear weapons. But the cost wouldnt be cheap.Is it worth it? Two things experts consider when judging any risk are: 1) How likely the event is; and 2) How bad the consequences if the event occurs. Experts think an asteroid big enough to destroy lots of life might strike Earth once every 500,000 years. Sounds pretty rare - but if one did fall, it would be the end of the world. If we dont take care of these big asteroids, theyll take care of us, says one scientist. Its that simple.The cure, though, might be worse than the disease. Do we really want fleets of nuclear weapons sitting around on Earth? The world has less to fear from doomsday (毁灭性的) rocks than from a great nuclear fleet set against them, said a New York Times article.16. What does the passage say about asteroids and meteoroids?A. They are heavenly bodies different in composition.B. They are heavenly bodies similar in nature.C. There are more asteroids than meteoroids.D. Asteroids are more mysterious than meteoroids.17. What do scientists say about the collision of an asteroid with Earth?A. It is very unlikely but the danger exists.B. Such a collision might occur once every 25 years.C. Collisions of smaller asteroids with Earth occur more often than expected.D. Its still too early to say whether such a collision might occur.18. What do people think of the suggestion of using nuclear weapons to alter the course of asteroids?A. It sounds practical but it may not solve the problem.B. It may create more problems than it might solve.C. It is a waste of money because a collision of asteroids with Earth is very unlikely.D. Further research should be done before it is proved applicable19. We can conclude from the passage that _.A. while pushing asteroids off course nuclear weapons would destroy the worldB. asteroids racing across the night sky are likely to hit Earth in the near futureC. the worry about asteroids can be left to future generations since it is unlikely to happen in our lifetimeD. workable solutions still have to be found to prevent a collision of asteroids with Earth20. Which of the following best describes the authors tone in this passage?A. Optimistic. C. Objective. B. Critical. D. Arbitrary.Part II Vocabulary and Structure (共40小题,每题1分，共40分)Directions: In this part there are forty incomplete sentences. Each sentence is followed by four choices. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and .then mark your answer on the answer sheet.21. The coming of the railroads in the 1830s _ our society and economic life.A. transported B. transferred C. transformed D. transmitted22. As you have seen, the value of a nations currency is a _of its economy.A. reflection B. response C. revelation D. reaction23. Finding it difficult to _ to the climate in the city, he decided to move to the north.A. fit B. adopt C. adapt D. suit24. The population of the world is growing at a dangerous _.A. measure B. step C. progress D. rate 25. It is not easy to learn English well, but if you _, you will succeed in the end.A. hang about B. hang on C. hang about D. hang onto26. The shy girl felt _ and uncomfortable when she could not answer her teachers question.A. amazed B. curious C. awkward D. amused27. In many cultures people who were thought to have the ability to _ dreams were likely to be highly respected.A. intervene B. inherit C. impart D. interpret28. All the visitors are requested to _ with regulations.A. comply B. agree C. assist D. consent29. The director was critical _ the way we were doing the work.A. in B. at C. with D. of 30. When she heard the bad news, she _ completely.A. broke down B. broke through C. broke away D. broke out31. He had been compelled to give up much of his time to housework. A. ordered B. persuaded C. forced D. frightened32. What it amounts to is simply that he is not willing to give us his support. A. means B. matters C. reaches D. signals33. The nation watched in shock as the 1992 riots _ in Los Angeles.A. flared in B. flared up C. flared on D. flared about 34. Mrs. Fuller went on a diet and in three months _ her weigh to 100 pounds.A. brought down B. brought back C. brought forth D. brought out35. He accepted his friends _ to swim across the river in the depths of winter.A. presence B. challenge C. appreciation D. relief36. If the government had built more homes for poor people in 1970, the housing problems now in some parts of this city _ so serious.A. wouldnt be B. will not have beenC. wouldnt have been D. would have not been37. The University of California, _ in 1868, is administered by a president and governed by a twenty-four-member board of regents.A. founded B. has been foundedC. to have been founded D. was founded38. Nowhere else in the world _ more attractive scenery than in China.A. you can find B. you have foundC. has been found D. can you find39. _ you are here punctually tomorrow morning.A. See it B. See to that C. See to it that D. See to40. _ that the jewels had been in the bank all the time.A. It is turned out B. It turned out C. It was turned out D. It turns out41. The policeman had him arrested since he was under _ of murder.A. stress B. illusion C. suspicion D. doubt42. Take the doctors advice, and you will soon be _ to perfect health.A. recovered B. restrained C. relieved D. restored43. He got punished severely because of his _ of the regulations.A. approval B. neglect C. outlook D. privilege44. He was made so _ as to criticize the professor in public.A. humorous B. realistic C. optimistic D. bold45. I have just received a letter from Mary; _ is a cheque for 20,000 $.A. inserted B. evolved C. included D. enclosed46. Hearing the shot, all the birds _ flight.A. added to B. led to C. threatened to D. took to47. I illustrated my plan, of which many people seemed to _.A. disagree B. oppose C. frown D. disapprove48. Her broken legs condemned her _ a wheelchair.A. by B. in C. for D. to49. He deceived his boss _ the wrong decision of sinking all the money into the project.A. to making B. to make C. make D. into making50. In no circumstances _ tell a lie.A. we should B. should we C. should we not D. should not we51. As we can no longer wait for the delivery of our order, we have to _it. A. postpone B. refuse C. delay D. cancel52. these books, which you can