论文定稿英语专业.doc

华中科技大学文华学院毕业设计实用文体翻译题目：九寨沟和自由女神像的翻译习得Title: The Experience Attained From the Translation of Jiuzhaigou and The Statue of Liberty学 生 姓 名： 李欣 学号： 110271011331 学 部 （系）： 外语学部英语系 专 业 年 级： 11级英语专科 指 导 老 师： 黄璐 职称或学位： 讲师 2014年5月10日AcknowledgementsFirst and foremost, I am most grateful to my beloved parents who have always been helping me out of difficulties and supporting me without a word of complaint .I am also owe my sincere gratitude to my friends and my fellow classmates who give me their helps and times listening to me and helping me work out my problems during difficult course of the thesis.IfeelgratefultoalltheteachersinmyCollegewhoonceofferedmevaluablecoursesandadviceduringmystudy. I would like to heartfelt gratitude to Professor Xiao Yanmei who lead me into the world of translation.Last, my thanks would go to Professor Huang Lu my supervisor，for her constant encouragement and guidance .She helped me a lot and give me many suggestions . AbstractThe main purpose of the article is to summarize the gains and experience after translating two materials. The material Jiuzhaigou has been translated from Chinese to English while the material The Statue of Liberty has been translated from English to Chinese. The article Jiuzhaogou simply introduces the geographical location of there and describes its beautiful scenery, at the same time it introduce the local historical allusions there. As for The Statue of Liberty , it has primarily focused on the symbolic meaning and it describes its historical and cultural background ,what is more ,this article tell us the building process of the Statue of Liberty .It stands for its countrys culture and the historical achievement This article can be divided into five parts. The first chapter mainly introduced the material for the translation in the paper, and then the second chapter is the original translation, next, it is the translation version, the fourth part is the reflection of translation process, in this part, mainly describes the problems and some difficulties during translation, it also give the solutions about the problem, the last chapter, that is conclusion. This part describes the feelings and experiences after this translation, and then introduces the relationship between tourist translation and culture, finally, it describes the skills on translations especially on tourist translation. Key words: tourist; translation; culture摘 要本文主要是对两篇旅游景点材料进行翻译，并从翻译的实践过程中获得经验然后撰写翻译心得。其中材料九寨沟为中译英，而材料自由女神像为英译中。材料九寨沟一文中主要是简单介绍了下九寨沟的地理位置，描述了当地的一些优美风景，同时又讲述了九寨沟这一名字的由来及历史典故，其语言特点用词优美而富有想象力。自由女神像则从其设计和建造方面入手，描述了它的建造背景历史，简述了它的基本构造，同时体现了其富有内涵的象征意义。在结束了对以上材料翻译实践后，得出了一些有关英汉翻译的心得体会。此翻译心得从对旅游材料的描述、历史文化背景、语言风格的处理、用词和修辞的处理、结论这五个方面来进行总结。分别针对翻译中句、词等方面出现的问题以及难点进行分析，从中总结有效的解决方法和对策，对今后的翻译工作起到指导和借鉴的作用。这篇文章大致可以分为五个部分。第一章主要介绍了论文中将要翻译那些内容以及相关的一些原材料，第二章则是论文中的翻译原文文本，第三章讲的是翻译译文，第四章主要是描述了再翻译过程中遇到的一些问题和一些困难等等以及解决这些问题的方法，第五章，也就是最后一部分，就是结论，这一部分包括翻译完两篇文章之后的心得体会，然后就是简单介绍怎样处理旅游文体翻译与各国不同文化的关系，最后就是关于旅游文体翻译的技巧和翻译策略。关键词:旅游；翻译；文化ContentsI. The Description of the Material for translating1II. The Original Material to Be Translated.2III. The Translation Version.6. Reflection of the Translation Process.11 4.1 Problems and Solutions in Translation.11 4.1.1 Style of Sentences.11 4.1.2 Phrases. 12 4.1.3 Words. 13Conclusion.15Bibliography.17I. The Description of the Material for translatingThis time I have translates two articlesJiuzhaigou (from Chinese to English) and The Statue of Liberty (from English to Chinese) .Jiuzhaigou mainly introduces the beautiful scenery of jiuzhaigou .The material simply shows us the geographical location there, and it also tell us the local historical allusions of jiuzhaigou .The Statue of Liberty has primarily focused on the symbolic meaning and it describes its historical and cultural background , at the same time , this article tell us the building process of the Statue of Liberty .It stands for its countrys culture and the historical achievement .II. The Original Material to Be Translated神话世界九寨沟 近年来，在四川北部南坪县境内，闪现出一颗五光十色的风光“宝石”，这就是人们赞不绝口的“神话世界”九寨沟。它镶嵌在宋潘、南坪、平武三县接壤的群山之中，面积约六万公顷，距成都约四百公里。九寨沟，由树正群海沟、则查洼海沟、日则沟三条主沟组成，海拔平均在2500米左右。过去，沟中有九个藏族村寨，因此得名。 九寨沟在四川阿坝藏族自治区南屏县境内，是一片纵深达35公里的自然风景区。风景区内原始深林遍布，群山连绵，山顶终年积雪，山谷湖泊纵横，奇珍异兽穿梭往来。进入九寨沟如同进入世外桃源一般，人间烦恼都会置于脑后。 九寨沟是水的天地，九寨沟的水是人间最清澈的水，水构成了九寨沟最富有魅力的景色，是九寨沟的灵魂。无论是宁静的湖泊，还是飞泻的瀑布，都是那么的神奇迷人，令人流连忘返。 当地人把九寨沟的湖泊叫做“海子”。九寨沟共有108个海子，虽然大小不一，形状各异，却都清澈见底。这些湖泊有的隐匿在峡谷中，有的镶嵌在原始深林中。天晴时，湖中颜色各异的水藻和沉淀物在阳光的照射下，映射出一圈圈斑斓的光环，所以又被人们叫做“五花海”。 当地流传着一个动人的传说，很久以前，在九寨沟的东山上住着一位美丽善良的女神，西山上住着一位勤劳勇敢地男神。两人日久生情。一天，男神为了表达自己的爱慕之意，特意送了一面又大又亮的神镜给女神。女神接过神镜时，由于心情过于激动，镜子竟然从她的手中滑落，掉到山下，碎成了108块，从此九寨沟留下了108个形态各异晶莹闪亮的湖泊。古老的传说启发了我们：九寨沟的奇美风光，就在于它有着天然生成的108个“翠海”；从风光的结构上讲，它是以山水为主题的，这就有别于其他山水的特色了。祖国山水，风格多样；多样的风格，相对应而存在，相比较而多姿。杭州西湖，水榭歌台，人工赋予它典雅美。蜀中的仙山峨眉，漂浮于云涛雾海呈秀色于烟雨浸满的山林。誉满中华的桂林山水，水秀山奇，山水平分秋色。九寨沟风光，却又是另一番景象了。在那里，古树摇曳春秋，山花自谢自开，植被茸茸升烟，海子和瀑布随着季节的推移而变幻多姿。在那里冰河时期遗留下来的星叶草、独叶草、先花后叶的领春树，以及熊猫、金丝猴、扭角羚、白马鸡、獐、鹿组成了奇异的“动植物王国”。据南平县对九寨沟风光有独到见解者讲：“九寨沟的山水风光，纵有万丽千奇，一旦离开原始的自然美，就一切都没有了。”他们的见解是精辟的。当你步入沟中，便可见树正群海淡荡生辉，瀑布舒洒碧玉。一到金秋，满山枫叶降红。盛夏，湖山幽翠。仲春，树绿花艳四时都呈现它的天然原始，宁静幽深。日则沟里的镜湖、五花海，则查洼沟里的五彩池，虽缤纷艳丽，但令人迷醉的是绚丽的和谐景色。这种独特的景观，只有在这个自然保护区才能看到。因此说，天然原始是九寨沟风光的个性和风格，是比较得当的。The Statue of LibertyOut of all of Americas symbols, none has proved more enduring or evocative than the Statue of Liberty. This giant figure, torch in hand and clutching a stone tablet, has for a century acted as a figurehead for the American Dream. Its worth remembering that the statue is - for Americans at least - a potent reminder that the USA is a land of immigrants: it was New York Harbor where the first big waves of European immigrants arrived, their ships entering through the Verrazano Narrows to round the bend of the bay and catch a first glimpse of Liberty Enlightening the World - an end of their journey into the unknown, and the symbolic beginning of a new life.These days, although only the very wealthy can afford to arrive here by sea, and a would-be immigrants first (and possibly last) view of the States is more likely to be the customs check at JFK Airport, Liberty remains a stirring sight, with Emma Lazaruss poem, The New Colossus, written originally to raise funds for the statues base, no less quotable than when it was writtenStatue of Liberty, bronze statues, 47 meters high pedestal, like high 46 meters, 93 meters high total, re-229 tons, the French sculptor Augustus escalator clause Pakistan Tao (Auguste Bartholdi ,1834 - 1904) Design, completed in 1886, is located on the island of New York harbor port near the golden gate of freedom in the United States. Statue of Liberty is derived from the French politics.1865, Napoleon III enthronement, a group of French bourgeois scholars hope to end the monarchy and establish a new French Republic. Therefore, on the other side of the Atlantic for the Republic of praise, but also to enhance the French people and the American people the feelings of each other, they commissioned the renowned sculptor and financing the Palestinian pottery statue of this section is designed as a celebration of the 100th anniversary of the founding of the United States gifts .The statue, which depicts Liberty throwing off her shackles and holding a beacon to light the world, was the creation of the French sculptor Frdric Auguste Bartholdi, who crafted it a hundred years after the American Revolution in recognition of solidarity between the French and American people (though its fair to add that Bartholdi originally intended the statue for Alexandria in Egypt). Bartholdi built Liberty in Paris between 1874 and 1884, starting with a terracotta model and enlarging it through four successive versions to its present size, a construction of thin copper sheets bolted together and supported by an iron framework designed by Gustave Eiffel. The arm carrying the torch was exhibited in Madison Square Park for seven years, but the whole statue wasnt officially accepted on behalf of the American people until 1884, after which it was taken apart, crated up and shipped to New York.It was to be another two years before it could be properly unveiled: money had to be collected to fund the construction of the base, and for some reason Americans were unwilling - or unable - to dip into their pockets. Only through the campaigning efforts of newspaper magnate Joseph Pulitzer, a keen supporter of the statue, did it all come together in the end. Richard Morris Hunt built a pedestal around the existing star-shaped Fort Wood, and Liberty was formally dedicated by President Cleveland on October 28, 1886, in a flag-waving shindig that has never really stopped. The statue was closed for a few years in the mid-1980s for extensive renovation and, in 1986, fifteen million people descended on Manhattan for the statues centennial celebrations.More than a century, the Statue of Liberty statue on the island has become a symbol of the United Nations and the symbol of friendship between American and France, expresses the American people to pursue the ideal of freedom. Today you can climb steps up to the crown, but the cramped stairway though the torch sadly remains closed to the public. Dont be surprised if theres an hour-long wait to ascend. Even if there is, Liberty Parks views of the lower Manhattan skyline, the twin towers of the World Trade Center lording it over the jutting teeth of New Yorks financial quarter, are spectacular enough. . The Translation VersionJiuzhaigou,ChinasFairylandSichuan Province is in the southwest of China, it is renowned for itsmanyfascinatingnaturalwonders,whichhaveattracted millions of travelers over the centuries. The recent discovery of the scenic beauty of jiuzhaigou (Nine-village Ravine) has added charm to the landscape. Known as Chinas Fairyland Jiuzhaigouislocated in the hills along the borders of Nanping, Pingwu, and Songpan countries, it is about 400 kilometers away from Chengdu. jiuzhaigou are make up by three scenic areas Shuzheng qunghaigou, Zechawagouand Rizegou , they are nearly at an average altitude of 2500 meters. Its name “Nine-villageRavine” is originted from the fact that Tibetansonceinhabitedninevillagesintheravine. Jiuzhaigou lies in Naping County, Arba Tibetan Autonomous Region of Sichuan Province, covering a land of natural beauty 35 kilometers long. This land is characterized with verdant forests and so many mountains, perennially with snow in the top of mountain peaks, stretches of several lakes, and various rare and precious birds and animals. When entering the resort, you will find yourself strolling in a fictitious land of peace, leaving behind all troubles and vexations.Jiuzhaigou is a world of water, the water there is the clearest in the world. Water brings jiuzhaigou most enchanting views; water is the soul of jiuzhaigou. Whatever it is a quiet lake or plunging waterfalls, they are always tempting, you will enjoy yourself so much among the charming sights that you are reluctant to leave.The local people call these lakes “haizi”(meaning “little sea”). Jiuzhaigou has 108 “haizi” of varying sizes and shapes, but of invariant limpidity to the bottom of the lakes. Some of the lakes are hidden in the valleys, and others inlay the forests. On sunny days, various colors of algae and sediments at the bottom of the lakes project colorful light rings in the sunshine, The lakes, thus, have acquired another name “Wuhua Sea” (meaning “multicolored sea”) from the locals.A romantic local story goes that a long time ago, there lived a beautiful and kind-hearted goddess in the east mountain of Jiuzhaigou and an industrious and chivalrous god in the west. As time went by, they fell in love. One day the god presented the goodness a big and shiny divine mirror as a token of love. The goddess reached out for it, but she was so excited and nervous that the mirror slipped from her trembling hands and dropped to 108 pieces, they turned out to be 108 winkling and glittering crystal lakes of different sizes, covering the land of Jiuzhaigou.The motherland landscape has diverse styles and the variety of styles are existed by corresponding. West lake in Hangzhou with enchanting pavilions set in quiet surroundings. Mount Emei in Sichuan province is renowned for its hill forests bathing in the ocean of cloud and mist. Guilin lanscape is very famous in China, both mountain and water all have there own feature. Jiuzhaigou resprent different views. There, trees swaying in the spring and autumn, flowers faded and blooms, vegetation is full of vitality, haizi and waterfall vary with the seasons. Some rare trees and grasses, survivors of the glacial epoch, still thrive here in harmony with a host of creatures which make this ravine their home, for the land teems with such animals as giant pandas, golden monkeys, takins, white-earedpheasants, deer and river deerformed an exotic animal and plant kingdoms. As observers from Nangping Country have justly put it :“Jiuzhaigou landscape, even if it has many beauties, once you leaved the original beauty of nature, everything was gone ”. This opinions are insightful. Mystic lake and sparkling waterfalls captivate you enter the ravine. The trees are there greenest scenery in spring when intensified by colorful flowers. In summer, warmtintsspreadoverthehillsandlakelands, assummer get into autumn, all the maple leaves turn fiery-red, splashingcolorthroughthethicklyforestedhills. That shows the natural characteristics of Jiuzhaigou all the time. Mirror Lake and crystal blue lakes at Rizegou, and Multi-color pool at Zechawagou, how gorgeous they are. But the most fascinating thing is the harmony scenery with nature. This special landscape can only be seen in Jiuzhaigou - anaturalpreserve. Therefore, it is more appropriate to say that natural is the personality and style of Jiuzhaigou.The Statue of Liberty在美国所有的象征符号中，还没有一个证明比自由女神像更持久更令人回味的了。这个巨大的人物雕像，手里握着火炬拿着石碑，被视为美国梦的领袖人物已经有一个世纪了。 这是值得被记住的雕像 - 至少对于美国人来说- 是一个强有力的提醒，美国是移民之地：是新纽约港那里的欧洲移民的第一大波抵达的地方，他们的船只通过韦拉札诺海峡进入弯曲的海湾，第一次看到“自由照耀世界” - 结束了他们的未知旅程，象征着一个新生活的开始。这些天来，虽然只在非常富裕的人可以通过海路到达这里，并且想成为移民的第一个（也有可能是最后一个）国家的这个观点更像是在肯尼迪国际机场的海关检查，自由仍然是一个震撼人心的视线，艾玛拉撒路的诗，新的巨像，最初被书写是为了增加雕像基地的资金，其引用价值不低于当时被写出来的时候. .吨，法国雕塑家奥古斯梯巴陶第（ Auguste Bartholdi，1834-1904）设计，落成于1886年，座落在美国纽约港港口金门旁的自由岛上。 自由女神像自由女神像，铜质雕像，基座高47米，像高46米，总高93米，重229源自于法国政治。1865年，拿破仑三世即位后，法国一批资产阶级学者希望能够结束君主制，建立起新的法兰西共和国。因此，出于对大西洋彼岸的共和国的赞许，也为了增进法国人民和美国人民相互间的感情，他们筹资并委托著名雕塑家巴陶第设计了这座雕像，作为庆祝美国建国 100周年的礼物。此雕像，描绘了自由女神摆脱束缚，拿着一盏明灯照亮世界，该作品由法国雕塑家弗雷德里克奥古斯特巴特尔迪，精心制作于承认法国和美国人民之间的团结的美国革命后的一百年。巴特尔迪于1874年和1884年间建立在巴黎的自由，开始用陶土模型，并通过连续四个版本扩大到了现在的规模，建设的薄铜片螺栓连接在一起，由Gustave Eiffel设计了一个铁框架支持它扩大。 手持火炬的手臂在麦迪逊广场公园展出，历时7年，但整个雕像是没有正式被美国人民所接受，直到1884年，之后它被拆开，装入板条箱内，运到纽约。这是要再过两年，才能够得到妥善亮相：钱必须被收集起来作为基地建设的资金，以及由于某种原因，美国人不愿意 - 或不能 动用自己的口袋。 只有通过报业巨头约瑟夫普利策，一个敏锐的雕像支持者，竞选努力，这一切最终走到一起。 理查德莫里斯亨特围绕现有的星形堡木业建立了一个底座，自由正式于1886年10月28日，被克里夫兰总统专用于旗帜挥舞的大宴会中并且从未真正停止过。 雕像被关闭了几年，在20世纪80年代中期大规模翻新，并于1986年，有1500万人出席曼哈顿后裔雕像的百年庆典。一个多世纪以来，耸立在自由岛上的自由女神铜像已成为美利坚民族和美法人民友谊的象征，永远表达着美国人民向往自由的崇高理想。今天，你可以爬上台阶的王冠，但是通往火炬的狭窄楼梯仍未向公众开放。 如果攀登需要一个小时的漫长等待，不要感到惊讶。 即使有自由公园，曼哈顿下城的天际线，在世界贸易中心的双塔称霸一方在纽约的财政季度的突出的牙齿，都够壮观。 . Reflection of the Translation Process4.1 Problems and solutions in Translation 4.1.1 Style of Sentences Firstly, compared with Chinese, articles in English always have different style of sentences. English articles always consist of long sentences which usually have a main sentences and several clauses while Chinese articles always are generally made up of short sentences , Chinese sentences usually contains large amount of information. Therefore, when we translate from Chinese to English, we must notice this point. For example, “风景区内原始深林遍布，群山连绵，山顶终年积雪，山谷湖泊纵横，奇珍异兽穿梭往来”.this sentence looks very simple ,but I feel it difficult for me to translate, so I just translate it in a simple way,“This land is characterized with verdant forests and so many mountains, perennially with snow in the top of mountain peaks, stretches of several lakes, and various rare and precious birds and animals”.For the English sentence “The statue, which depicts Liberty throwing off her shackles and holding a beacon to light the world, was the creation of the French sculptor Frdric Auguste Bartholdi, who crafted it a hundred years after the American Revolution in recognition of solidarity between the French and American people”.When I see this sentence, it is very long ,but if I analysis this sentence, I find it is easy to understand the structure of the sentence ,and then I translated“此雕像，描绘了自由女神摆脱束缚，拿着一盏明灯照亮世界，该作品由法国雕塑家弗雷德里克奥古斯特巴特尔迪，精心制作于承认法国和美国人民之间的团结的美国革命后的一百年”.From these two sentences ,we can find the differences between Chinese and English articles .Secondly, Chinese language features are also different from that of English. Chinese articles always use many rhetoric, while, English articles always use the simple sentences without lots of beautiful words. For example, “闪现出一颗五光十色的风光宝石”in Chinese ,we know “宝石”is not meaning the real jewel ,it stand for “jiuzhaigou”, thus, when translate this sentence we should use translated it into its real meaning. However, English article usually use the simple and clear words to show the truth. For example, “1865, Napoleon III enthronement, a group of French bourgeois scholars hope to end the monarchy and establish a new French Republic.” This sentence can be t